question

Cultural relativism has a conflict resolving capacity. "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."

answer

True

question

The study of moral center in the brain claims that a mapping of the moral center can tell us whether one moral answer is better than another.

answer

False

question

Ethical relativism cannot make a claim to tolerance being universally good if all values are culture-relative.

answer

True

question

For Nussbaum, it is inevitable that since narrative reflect the values of society, narratives deprive people of their moral autonomy.

answer

false

question

An inductive argument is a conclusion based on gathering of evidence, but you can't be certain that the conclusion is true.

answer

True

question

Cultural relativism describes how customs differ from culture to culture.

answer

True

question

The moral nihilist believes that deep down all people have some values in common.

answer

False

question

We can learn moral lessons from morally good people, but not from morally flawed people.

answer

False

question

The proverb, "It takes a village to raise a child" originated in the American Indian Tradition.

answer

False

question

Soft universalism claims there are some underlying values all cultures can agree on.

answer

True

question

Greek drama began as religious festivals for that god Dionysus.

answer

True

question

Hard Universalism is the theory that we are each entitled to our own moral opinion and that there is no universal moral code.

answer

False

question

A good way to test a moral theory is to examine its capacity for solving problems.

answer

True

question

If one is opposed to war one can find no moral lessons in war stories.

answer

False

question

Kierkegaard believed that Abraham's obedience to God was not an example of ordinary morality, but required a leap of faith.

answer

True

question

The Abu Ghraib scandal in 2005 contradicts the observations from Milgram's Experiment.

answer

False

question

A didactic story is a story that teaches a lesson.

answer

True

question

The story of the prodigal son belongs to the category of parables.

answer

True

question

Socrates was the student of Plato, who was himself the student of Aristotle

answer

False

question

Benedict is saying that morality is culturally defined.

answer

True

question

For Kant, "What is the foundation for all rational morality?"

answer

Good will to act only in accordance with the moral law.

question

A man is talking on the phone with his lover when his wife walks into the room...did the husband use a deceptive truth to treat his wife as an object?

answer

He did.

question

"I should do whatever brings about the greatest good for the greatest number," is a statement of:

answer

Utilitarianism

question

A hypothetical imperative is one that is based on:

answer

Desire

question

Altruism is possible.

answer

Ethical of Rational Egoist

question

Utilitarianism would agree to which of the following statements?

answer

The end justifies the means.

question

According to Kant, we can rely on our "gut feelings" to determine what morality requires.

answer

False

question

Utilitarianism might allow for using human suffering as a means of entertainment if the happiness produced outweighs the suffering.

answer

True

question

Virtue ethics is commonly opposed to ethics of character.

answer

False

question

Hypatia was murdered by a mob of fanatical Christian monks.

answer

True

question

The Socratic Method is also known as a dialectic method.

answer

True

question

Socrates was primarily interested in teaching the sons and daughters of the Athenian working population.

answer

False

question

Plato gathered Socrates' writing and published them under his own name.

answer

False

question

Both Socrates and Plato were engaged in a life long intellectual battle in favor of the concept of ethical relativism.

answer

False

question

The world of Forms is unchangeable, according to Plato.

answer

True

question

In the "Myth of the Cave" the prisoners symbolize all humans who think the world of the sense is the real world.

answer

True

question

Kant claims that you qualify as a person if you are a rational being.

answer

True

question

Kant claims that any being capable of suffering qualifies for personhood.

answer

False

question

Patria potestas is the right of the father to treat his family any way he pleases.

answer

True

question

Most child psychologists today agree that children below the age of seven or eight don't know enough about the difference between right and wrong t be held morally accountable.j

answer

True

question

The harvesting of stem cells is much less controversial than their potential uses

answer

False

question

A negative right is a right not to be interfered with.

answer

True

question

A negative right is a right that a society disapproves of.

answer

False

question

The three negative rights advocated by John Locke are: The right to life, liberty and property.

answer

True

question

Distributive Justice: The justice meted out to a person who has broken the law.

answer

False

question

Restorative justice seeks retribution for past wrongs strictly on the principle of punishing the guilty in proportion to his or her crime.

answer

False

question

For Rawls, it is acceptable to allow an inequality as long as only small minority of the population suffers because of it.

answer

False

question

Diane Whiteley argues that the community should feel moral indignation over a crime done to a victim.

answer

True

question

One of the major events in the development of women's rights was World War 1, when women had to take over men's work on the homefront.

answer

True

question

For Aristotle, the Forms have no existence outside the world of things.

answer

True

question

According to Aristotle, everything has a function in the order of things, except fleas and snakes.

answer

False

question

According to Aristotle, we determine what a thing's purpose is by investigating what the thing in question does best.

answer

True

question

Aristotle's virtue theory says that there are three kinds of virtue: One which is in deficiency, one which is just right, and one which is in excess.

answer

False

question

Aristotle's Golden Mean implies finding the most moderate action open to us, virtue is then...

answer

False

question

Aristotle served as a powerful inspiration for Thomas Aquinas, because Aristotle was Aquinas's teacher.

answer

False

question

In addition to being a feminist, Simone de Beauvoir was also an existentialist.

answer

True

question

According to Sartre, there are some specific people who do not have freedom of choice, such as a soldier, prisoner of priest.

answer

False

question

Kant insisted that trying to learn virtue from role models does not lead to virtue, but to jealousy and resentment.

answer

True

question

Sommers believes that, in the end, moral problems such as pollution the homeless, or the loneliness of elderly people must be solved by the state and not the individual.

answer

False

question

Heidegger calls humans "Being-There" because human existence is different from the existence of things and animals.

answer

True

question

For Levinas, it is essential that we acknowledge that the other and I are equal.

answer

True

question

The term sexual dimorphism means that the two sexes of a species look different, with one sex usually being larger than the other.

answer

True

question

Research has shown that the men and women use their brains in exactly the same way, but come up with different results to the same questions.

answer

False

question

First wave feminism is another term for difference feminism.

answer

False

question

"First wave, second wave, and third wave" are terms that refer to the chronology of American feminism.

answer

True

question

The term radical feminism is associated with the Latin word for root, radix.

answer

True

question

For Nietzsche a new moral value system must be advocated; one which respects the weaker individual and sets limits on the powers of the masters.

answer

False

question

Classical feminism is primarily concerned with the right for women to an equal share in the man's world.

answer

True

question

Classical feminism sees men and women as fundamentally different

answer

False

question

There are three major reasons for choosing to believe in psychological egoism. Which shouldn't be listed?

answer

The theory allows us to choose when to be selfish and when to consider the feelings of others.

question

Informal error in logic when you attack the person rather than addressing their arguments.

answer

Ad Hominem

question

The part of the brain most correlated with human moral sense is the...

answer

Prefrontal cortex

question

Which is the least likely conclusion to be drawn from Zimbardo's work?

answer

People with strong moral values are less likely to be corrupted by immoral circumstances

question

Martha Nussbaum claims:

answer

Emotions can have cognitive value

question

According to psychologists, a child must have develoed a sense of values by the age of ____ in order to become an adult with a conscience.

answer

Seven

question

What is a parable?

answer

An allegorical story

question

There is no universal moral truth.

answer

Cultural or Ethical Relativism

question

What do the three theories of moral nihilism, moral skepticism, and moral subjectivism have in common, aside from their rejection of universal moral values?

answer

They have poor problem-solving capacities.

question

What do moral subjectivism and ethical relativism have in common?

answer

The view that moral values are relative.

question

According to Ruth Benedict, with what phrase is "morally good" synonymous?

answer

Normal

question

Which logical fallacy makes the assumption that what you're trying to prove is a fact?

answer

Begging the question

question

Which one of these descriptions comes closest to a definition of the theory of naturalism in philosophy of law?

answer

It claims that the law is based on universal moral standards

question

Exaggerating a position so it is easy to knock down.

answer

Straw man

question

On which issue would Plato and Aristotle most likely agree?

answer

Moderation

question

There are many ways to use narratives to explore ethics. Chapter 2 mentions several ways. Which one shouldn't be on the list?

answer

Many philosophy students are now reading stories about persons seeking the meaning of life in order to facilitate their own search for meaning.

question

Our textbook suggests a difference between ethics and morals. Morality refers to rules about behavior which we choose to follow. Ethics refers to theories about these rules, which:

answer

Question, explain and justify the rules

question

"Either we are secure in this country or there is anarchy. Free speech must end or the terrorists will win."

answer

An informal fallacy of logic which bifurcates or draws a false dichotomy.

question

A single decision which causes increasingly unacceptable consequences until the sequence ends drastically.

answer

Slippery Slope

question

Which is a characteristic of Socrates' dialectical method?

answer

(All of the above) Questions and answers, rational examination of values, dialogue between people

question

Four major approaches to the phenomenon of moral differences

answer

Hard universalism, soft universalism, ethical relativism, NOT ethical egoism

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