Human Geography Flashcards
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Birth Rate
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Number of live births per one thousand populations in a year
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Rate of Natural Increase
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The birth rate minus the death rate
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Fertility Rate
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The average number of children a woman of childbearing years will have in her lifetime.
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Population Density
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The average number of people that live in a measurable area
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Population Pyramid
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A graphic device that shows the sex and age distribution of a population
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Death Rate
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Number of deaths per one thousand populations in a year
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Infant Mortality Rate
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The number of infants per one thousand who will die before reaching age one
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Physiological Density
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The total number of people per area of arable land, which is suitable for agriculture
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The arrangement of a feature across Earth's surface is its
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distribution
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The concept of space-time compression means
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distant places in the world are becoming effectively closer together.
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The spread of something over a given study area is
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concentration.
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The frequency of something within a given unit of area is
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density.
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Of the four major Earth systems, which one is composed of living organisms?
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biosphere
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An area distinguished by a unique combination of features is a(n)
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region
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Situation identifies a place by its
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location relative to other objects.
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The name given to a portion of Earth's surface is known as
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toponym
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Site identifies a place by its
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unique physical characteristics.
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What elements of study do human and physical geography have in common?
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They are concerned with where things occur and why they occur where they do.
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The beach at Ipanema, Brazil, can be studied using tools
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from both human and physical geography.
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True or False...Distribution refers to the arrangement of observable phenomena across Earth.
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True
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True or False...The biosphere overlaps with each of the other three Earth systems.
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True
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True or False...The spread of an idea through the movement of people is known as stimulus diffusion.
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False
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True or False...Site and situation are both ways to describe a location.
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True
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True or False...For many people, the globalization of culture represents a threat to local diversity.
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True
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True or False...Geography is not concerned with the study of physical processes.
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False
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True or False...The communication revolution that promotes globalization of culture also permits the preservation of cultural diversity.
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True
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What is exponential growth?
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A. Growth whose rate becomes more rapid as a number increases.
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What is the number 1 way to lower birth rates in developing countries?
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C. Gender equality (empowering women)
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Among what people are the populations currently growing the fastest?
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B. The world's poorest people
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Repetitive act of a group to the extent it becomes a characteristic of the group.
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Custom
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The spread of cultural ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior.
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Cultural Diffusion
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Physical or emotional discomfort or anxiety that one suffers when coming to live in a new place that is different from his or her own.
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Culture Shock
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Nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture.
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Non-Material Culture
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Repetitive act that a particular individual performs.
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Habit
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The idea or belief that your culture is better or more important than others.
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Ethnocentrism
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Group of persons related by common descent or heredity.
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Race
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Physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.
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Material Culture
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You would be experiencing this if you witnessed people eating something that you or your culture is not used to.
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Culture Shock
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Why did Europeans colonize Africa?
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God, Gold, and Glory
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During what time period did the Americas largely gain independence from European colonization?
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Early 1800s
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During what time period did Africa largely gain independence from European colonization?
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After WWII
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Sovereignty
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Independence from control of its internal affairs by other states.
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Europe
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Was transformed during the 19th and 20th centuries from a fragmented collection of kingdoms, principalities, and empires into nation-states.
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Self-Determination
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Many ethnic groups hold strong desires this, which is the right to govern themselves with sovereign states.
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Nation-States
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A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality.
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State
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An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs. It occupies a defined territory and has a permanent population.
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Multinational states
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This type of state has more than one ethnicity recognized as distinct nationalities.
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Boundary
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An invisible line marking the extent of a state's territory.
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Colony
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A territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than being completely independent.
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Colonialism
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The effort of one country to establish settlements in a territory and to impose its political, economic and cultural principles on that territory.
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Imperialism
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Control of territory already occupied and organized by an indigenous society.
