question

1. In general, for all children around the world, the main factors affecting growth are: a. Appetite, food choices and family income b. Genetic disorders, social deprivation and illness c. Genetic background, nutrition, and health care d. Gender, hormone levels and nutrition

answer

c

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2. Preschoolers have difficulty dressing, drawing and stringing beads; these difficulties are most likely due to: a. Immaturity of the brain and short, thick fingers b. A lack of practice and motivation c. Poor parenting and brain malfunction d. A lack of attachment and security

answer

b

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3. The brains ongoing myelination during the preschool years does not enable children to: a. Control actions more precisely b. Begin to make inferences c. React more quickly to stimuli d. Begin to control their emotions

answer

b

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4. The just right phenomenon often demonstrated by the 2-4 year old is best described as: a. Compulsive behaviors with a need for consistent routines b. The child's ability to choose nutritious foods when hungry c. The tendency to want the whole family to eat the same foods d. An ability to overcome the lack of adult attention/ nurturing

answer

a

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5. The average North American 5 year old weighs about: a. 30 pounds b. 40 pounds c. 50 pounds d. 60 pounds

answer

c

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6. Buttoning your coat is a ____, whereas kicking a ball is a(an) _____: a. Physical skill: cognitive skill b. Fine motor skill: gross motor skill c. Coordinated skill: simple skill d. Sensorimotor skill: preoperational skill

answer

b

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7. High levels of lead result in all of the following concerns except: a. Loss of impulse control b. Learning disabilities c. Cognitive delays d. Loss of near vision

answer

d

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8. Children are the most vulnerable to injury and accidental death from ages 2-5 due to: a. Watching too many cartoons on television b. Being very curious, impulsive, and psychically active c. Parents exposing them to unfamiliar environments d. Development of good immunity to disease

answer

b

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9. Piaget termed cognitive development between the ages of two and six as ____ thought: a. Operational b. Egocentric c. Preoperational d. Symbiotic

answer

c

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10. Snacking on sugary food is most likely to result in: a. Hyperactive behavior b. Tooth decay c. Below-average height d. Reading problems

answer

b

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11. The use of child-proof caps, bicycle helmets and car safety seats are all examples of: a. Tertiary prevention activities b. First aid safety actions c. Media campaigns for safety d. Activities to reduce harm

answer

a

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12. The leading cause of death in childhood (ages 1-11) is: a. Accidents b. Infectious diseases, including pneumonia c. Suicide d. Child abuse

answer

a

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13. By age six, the brain has reached about ____ percent of its adult weight a. 45 b. 60 c. 75 d. 90

answer

d

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14. Which of the following statements best describes perseveration? a. Ability to stay with an action for an extended time period b. Ability to draw a picture of a dime three times its normal size c. Belief that an 8-ounce bowl holds less liquid than an 8-ounce glass d. Inability to understand that both a beagle and a collie are dogs

answer

a

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15. If the liquid of a tall container is poured into a short, but wide container, the preschool child will believe there is less liquid in the short container. That belief demonstrates the child is unable to understand the concept of: a. Concentration b. Centration c. Conservation d. Classification

answer

c

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16. Excessive stress in childhood may destroy neurons in the hippocampus, potentially causing: a. Memory and learning deficits b. Loss of motor function c. Decreases in fine motor skills d. Loss of emotional control

answer

d

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17. According to Piaget, preschool children are not able to: a. Use ideas and symbiotic o explain their experiences b. Think of their parents as once being children c. Use animism while playing with objects d. Display centration when recalling events

answer

b

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18. Which of the following is not a characteristic of preoperational thought? a. Egocentrism b. Static reasoning c. Classification d. Irreversibility

answer

c

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19. Statements such as "I felled down and hurted myself" are typical when children are learning rules of grammar. This statement is an example of: a. Over-regulation b. Egocentrism c. Conservation d. Scaffolding

answer

a

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20. A child hears a new word in a familiar context and is able to add the word to a general category without fully understanding the word. This ability is called: a. Vocabulary expansion b. Categorical embellishment c. Mental fast-mapping d. Lexicon extension

answer

c

question

21. Vygotsky described guided participation as learning in a social setting in which one person provides ____ and _____ to encourage the learning of another person: a. Stimulation and direction b. Rules and regulations c. Initiatives and guidelines d. Permission and instruction

answer

a

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22. Erickson's third stages of development involves developing _____, meaning the child _____ to learn but may have doubts about ability to master skills: a. Initiative; eager b. Mistrust; ready c. Identity; primed d. Shame; anxious

answer

a

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23. Erickson noted that young children want to begin many new activities but are vulnerable to criticism and feelings of failure. This aspect of childhood is called a crisis of: a. Self-esteem vs. guilt b. Trust vs. mistrust c. Initiative vs. guilt d. Pride vs. self-conflict

answer

c

question

24. Overall, during the early childhood years, a child's self-concept is largely defined by his or her: a. Expanding range of skills/competencies b. Developing theory of mind/ emotions c. Relationship with siblings/ peers d. Relationship with parents/ grandparents

answer

a

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25. As children grow from age 2 to age 6, their imagination: a. Increases b. Increases until about age 3, then levels off c. Stays about the same d. Decreases

answer

a

question

26. A child's belief that bears and toads can act and talk like children illustrates the concept of: a. Animism b. Identity c. Egocentrism d. Reversibility

answer

a

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27. Two four year old boys are happily wrestling in the playground. This is known as ____ play: a. Sociodramatic b. Rough-and-tumble c. Associative d. Instrumental

answer

b

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28. The average six year old knows about: a. 1,000 words b. 3,000 words c. 5,000 words d. 10,000 words

answer

d

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29. Caregivers who set limits, enforce rules, and listen respectively to their children are exhibiting what style of parenting: a. Authoritative b. Permissive c. Authoritarian d. Neglectful

answer

a

question

30. An angry five year old might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed: a. Social referencing b. Self-esteem/self-concept c. Antipathy awareness d. Emotional regulation

answer

a

question

31. Antipathy refers to a person's: a. Feelings of anger or dislike toward another person b. Ability to understand the emotions of others c. Understanding of their own negative emotions d. Tendency to internalize emotions and expressions

answer

a

question

32. A parent who wishes to use the time out method to discipline her son for being aggressive on the playground would be advised to: a. Tell her son he will be punished later at home b. Keep her son indoors for the rest of the week c. Have her child sit quietly indoors for a few minutes d. Use a different method as time outs are ineffective

answer

c

question

33. Two children act out a scene in which one child plays the mother while the other plays the baby who didn't eat his dinner. Such play is called: a. Representative b. Dramatic c. Parallel d. Imaginary

answer

b

question

34. Which of the following statements is not true regarding exposing children to media? a. Experts recommend no television for children before age two years b. Women are portrayed as leaders in most of the media children view c. Most young children in the US average about 3 hours daily of media exposure d. In general, children do not learn empathy by watching shows on television

answer

b

question

35. According to cognitive theorists, children learn about gender roles via interpretation of their: a. Own experiences/ observations b. Caregiver role modeling c. Social referencing of peers d. Cultural stories/ rules

answer

a

question

36. Which behavior is considered prosocial? a. Taking the garbage out to earn an allowance b. Helping clear the table so that there is time to play at the park c. Learning to say please when asking for a treat d. Bringing a comfort toy to a sibling who is sick

answer

d

question

37. Regarding asthma incidence during middle childhood, which of the following statementts is not true? a. Genetic vulnerability is rarely a factor in susceptibility b. Asthma is the most common reason for school absence c. The hygiene hypothesis may be related to increase prevalence d. Increased air pollution/ exposure to allergens may increase incidence

answer

a

question

38. An obese 11 year old is not at increased risk of developing a. Hypertension b. Diabetes c. Poor self-esteem d. Resilience

answer

d

question

39. To determine if a child is overweight/ obese, the ___ if often used. a. Weight index scale b. Density index scale c. Body mass index d. Lipometic index

answer

c

question

40. The benefits of physical activity during middle childhood include all of the following except: a. Problem-solving abilities b. Reinforcement of prejudice c. Learning cooperative play d. Respect for opponents

answer

b

question

41. A seven year old is able to sort Legos into group according to size. This ability is an example of the principle of: a. Reversibility b. Seriation c. Reciprocity d. Classification

answer

d

question

42. When researchers examine the ability of children to receive, store, and analyze and interpret data, they are viewing cognitive development based on _____ theory. a. Piaget's cognition b. Information processing c. Behaviorism d. Evolutionary

answer

b

question

43. The most important reason for the increases in speed and complexity of the older child's thoughts/actions is the: a. Continued myelination of neurons b. Increase in the child's appetite c. Influence of peers on development d. Increased exposure to academics

answer

a

question

44. The term selective attention refers to the ability to: a. Control emotional outburst b. Eliminate various tasks c. Perform an action automatically d. Choose the stimuli to concentrate upon

answer

d

question

45. Which of the following statements about intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is not true? a. The need to feel smart or competent represents intrinsic motivations b. With extrinsic motivation, the need for rewards comes from outside of the person c. Intrinsic/extrinsic motivation are unrelated to development of emotional regulation d. Rewards such as verbal praise often help the child to be successful in school

answer

c

question

46. As compared with the body of a preschool child, a school-age child's body is: a. Fatter and more muscular b. Fatter and less muscular c. Thinner and less muscular d. Thinner and more muscular

answer

d

question

47. When advancing in language skills, children learn to use codes for peer interaction. Which statement is an example of code switching? a. Two ten year old boys have created language and want to share it with others b. An eleven year old uses slang words when talking with friends, but not his mom c. A third grader is showing a peer how to solve a new math problem d. The new fourth grader from Ohio has an accent, but the Utah children understand her

answer

b

question

48. Total immersion is an approach to learning a second language in which: a. Children are taught all information in the second language b. The second language is taught as a foreign language c. Children receive bilingual and bicultural education d. A child is taught entirely in his/her original language

answer

a

question

49. In theory, achievement tests measure: a. What a child has learned b. Aptitude and creativity c. Learning potential only d. Practical intelligence

answer

a

question

50. A school age child who is frequently out of his seat, easily excited and has problems staying focused probably has symptoms of: a. Bipolar and learning disorders b. Autism disorders and social problems c. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder d. Childhood schizophrenia with mania

answer

c

question

51. The most common learning disorder seen in childhood is: a. Dyslexia b. Autism c. Down syndrome d. Dyscalculia

answer

a

question

52. As they mature into adults, the most different concern for children diagnosed with autism is their lack of: a. Motor control/skills b. Naturalistic intelligence c. Imaginative creativity d. Social understanding

answer

d

question

53. When a school=age child is very shy in the classroom, he/she is likely to be _____ but ______ by peers in the classroom: a. Ignored; not rejected b. Withdrawn; also rejected c. Aggressive; also rejected d. Depressed; not rejected

answer

a

question

54. The potential to develop aggressive behaviors is not affected by: a. Excessively high or low self-esteem b. Insecure attachment as an infant c. Poor emotional regulation d. Gender differences in activities

answer

b

question

55. Which statement best describes the concept of resilience? a. Resilience is a static trait that a person maintains throughout life b. Resilience represents a negative adaption to stress c. Resilience represents a dynamic ability to adapt to stress d. Resilience is a lack of capacity to change with stressors

answer

c

question

56. The impact of a stressor, such as divorce, on a child is not dependent upon: a. Whether the child is experiencing several stressors at the same time b. The child's interpretation of the stressor as a negative event c. The type of family structure the child has experienced d. Whether the stressor affects the child's daily routines/schedule

answer

d

question

57. Two factors that most often assist the child in coping with multiple stressors are social support and: a. Religious faith b. Social companions c. Remedial education d. Referral to counselors

answer

a

question

58. Erickson's crisis of industry vs. inferiority corresponds to the _____ stage in Freud's psychoanalytic theory of development. a. Genital b. Latency c. Oral d. Anal

answer

b

question

59. During the stage of industry vs. inferiority, all of the following occurs except: a. Children tend to see themselves as either competent or incompetent b. Children who see themselves as competent may have more self-control c. Increased self-awareness always leads to increases in positive self-concept d. Children make self-comparisons to peers and are increasingly self-critical

answer

c

question

60. The culture of children refers to the: a. Specific habits, styles, and values reflecting rules and rituals of children b. Tendency of children to assess abilities compared to those of peers c. Ability of children to understand adult behaviors d. Tendency of children to exclude adults from their secret languages

answer

a

question

61. School-age children would most admire the child who: a. Is kissed goodbye by his mother every morning at school b. Was punished for not telling who threw a paper airplane c. Gets special treatment as the fourth grade teachers favorite d. Spends as much time as possible with the adults in the classroom

answer

b

question

62. If the family members consist of a mother and her biological daughter as well as the stepfather and his uncle, the family structure would be classified as a(an) _______ family unit. a. Nuclear b. Dysfunctional c. Extended d. Polygamous

answer

c

question

63. All of the following items are key family functions except a. Providing basic necessities b. Encouraging learning c. Preventing peer groupings d. Ensuring harmony and stability

answer

c

question

64. Major factors that prevent good family functioning and put the child at risk for later incidence of harm are: a. High conflict and low income b. Low education and high income c. High education and high conflict d. Low education and low conflict

answer

a

question

65. According to Kohlberg's model, which characteristic does not represent preconventional moral reasoning? a. Thinking centric b. Seeking pleasure c. Following social rules d. Avoiding pain

answer

c

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