HP 191 EXAM 3 – Flashcards
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The majority of women with breast cancer have a family history of the disease.
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B) False
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The spread of cancer cells to parts of the body distant from the site of the original tumor is called metastasis.
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A) True
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Which of the following is linked to approximately 30% of cancer deaths?
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B) smoking
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Unprotected sex is a risk factor for cervical cancer.
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A) True
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What controls the production of a protein?
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D) genes
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Which naturally occurring substances found in plant foods can help prevent chronic diseases?
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A) phytochemicals
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What is the chief risk factor for lung cancer?
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A) tobacco smoke
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Which statement regarding the testicular self-exam is true?
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B) It should be performed using a gentle rolling motion.
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A persistent cough or chest pain can be a warning sign for lung cancer.
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A) True
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For most cancers, surgery is the most effective treatment.
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A) True
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The Pap test is used to help detect which type of cancer?
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A) cervical
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A diet high in which foods is linked to high rates of colon and prostate cancer?
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B) fat and meat
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LDL cholesterol is the less healthy form of cholesterol.
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A) True
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How does smoking affect the cardiovascular system?
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A) It increases blood pressure.
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High blood pressure has obvious early warning signs.
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B) False
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What is the recommended level of triglycerides for adults?
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B) less than 150 mg/dl
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Which food is a good source of dietary fiber?
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B) legumes
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How does exercise alter blood fat levels?
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B) It raises HDL levels.
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A diet high in fiber can help reduce the risk of heart attack by 40-50%.
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A) True
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Which defines atherosclerosis?
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D) thickening of artery walls by deposit of fatty substances
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Exercise can help reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease by decreasing blood pressure and increasing HDL levels.
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A) True
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How often should people who do not have CVD risk factors have their blood pressure measured?
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A) once every 2 years
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Strokes may be caused either by a blood clot or by a ruptured blood vessel.
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A) True
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What occurs when a coronary artery is completely blocked?
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D) a heart attack
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Hormone replacement therapy is recommended for menopausal women to reduce their risk for CVD.
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B) False
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Which risk factor signals a potential for CVD?
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A) insulin resistance
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Which term refers to atherosclerosis in an artery supplying blood to the heart?
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D) coronary heart disease
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How does smoking harm the cardiovascular system?
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B) Smoking reduces the level of high-density lipoproteins
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Which blood pressure reading would be most appropriate for a healthy adult?
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C) 110/78
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The number-one risk factor for cardiovascular disease that people can control is smoking.
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A) True
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What is the most common symptom associated with angina pectoris?
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A) tightness in the chest
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At what age should cholesterol testing begin?
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C) 20
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Long-term exposure to environmental tobacco smoke has been shown to increase a person's risk for cardiovascular disease.
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A) True
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Which statement about gender and CVD is true?
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C) Estrogen may offer premenopausal women some protection against CVD.
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CVD is the leading killer of both men and women in the United States.
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A) True
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From where does the heart muscle receive its blood supply?
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C) coronary arteries
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Which is a treatment for heart disease?
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D) balloon angioplasty
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What is a common test that is useful in early detection of colon cancers?
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A) stool blood test
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Which statement about ovarian cancer is true?
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A) It is relatively rare but has a high death rate.
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Which risk factor is associated with prostate cancer?
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C) a history of sexually transmitted infections
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What is one effect of alcohol on the body?
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C) disturbed sleep patterns
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Which condition is associated with cirrhosis?
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B) replacement of liver cells with fibrous scar tissue
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If someone is very drunk, it is best to get that person to drink coffee.
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B) False
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Children with alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder are at increased risk for substance abuse problems in later life.
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A) True
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Alcohol is a known human carcinogen.
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A) True
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Approximately 40% of college students binge-drink.
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A) True
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A common characteristic of an addiction is that the affected person will require more and more of the substance or behavior to produce the desired effect.
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A) True
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Alcohol use contributes to more than half of all murders, assaults, and rapes.
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A) True
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Which is a true statement about MDMA ("Ecstasy/Molly")?
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A) It may cause persistent memory problems.
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Negative consequences associated with binge drinking include
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D) All of these answers are correct.
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A woman's BAC (blood alcohol concentration) will be higher than a man's BAC after consuming the same amount of alcohol.
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A) True
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Which is characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome?
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D) physical and mental impairments
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Which is a psychoactive drug?
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D) caffeine
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The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (2009) cracks down on tobacco marketing to children and adolescents.
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A) True
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Which represents responsible drinking behavior?
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A) eating before drinking
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Which is a major health hazard associated with tobacco use?
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B) emphysema
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Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States.
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A) True
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Addiction to tobacco results from dependence on nicotine.
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A) True
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Which statement about clove cigarettes is true?
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A) They contain twice as much tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide as regular cigarettes.
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Nicotine addiction is not as prevalent in spit tobacco users as in smokers.
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B) False
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What will a person who quits smoking experience?
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D) enhanced ability to taste
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Which lifestyle factor supports immune function?
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B) good nutrition
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New drugs, such as reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors and entry inhibitors, are able to cure AIDS.
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B) False
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Unborn children can contract syphilis through the placenta from an infected mother.
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A) True
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Previous infection with a bacterial STI confers immunity, so once a person has chlamydia or gonorrhea, she or he cannot be re-infected.
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B) False
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What is epididymitis?
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A) inflammation of the sperm-carrying ducts
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STIs can be prevented.
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A) True
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Preventive measures for hepatitis B are similar to those for HIV.
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A) True
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Which STI is linked to cervical cancer?
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B) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
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Genital herpes is incurable.
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A) True
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The virus HSV 2 (Herpes Simplex Virus - 2) is responsible for which sexually transmitted disease?
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D) genital herpes
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Which statements about hepatitis B is true?
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A) There is no cure for the infection.
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Why are genital warts difficult to treat effectively?
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C) Available treatments do not eradicate the virus.
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Primary syphilis is contagious, but secondary syphilis is not.
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B) False
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What is the most common method of HIV transmission?
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C) having unprotected sex
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How can antiviral drugs reduce the effects of HIV?
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D) by blocking HIV replication
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For herpes to be transmitted, active sores must be present.
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B) False
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HIV infection attacks the immune system making a healthy individual susceptible to infections.
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A) True
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Which of the following STIs is caused by a virus?
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D) genital warts
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What does HIV attack?
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A) immune system
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Which term refers to the collective interactions of humans with the environment and the short-term and long-term health consequences of those interactions?
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D) environmental health
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Radioactive waste from nuclear power plants is easily disposed of safely.
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B) False
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Fluoridation is a water treatment process that reduces tooth decay by 5-40% and has been used successfully in the United States for more than 60 years.
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A) True
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What is the biggest single component of household trash by weight?
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B) paper products
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the term biodegradable means that certain products can break down naturally, safely, and quickly into the raw materials of nature, then disappear back into the environment.
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A) True
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Radon is a form of radiation pollution.
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A) True
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What does the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency call the measurement that indicates whether air pollution levels pose a health concern?
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D) Air Pollution Index
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What causes an increase in the earth's atmospheric temperature?
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D) greenhouse gases
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What is the term for buried deposits of decayed animals and plants that are converted into carbon-rich fuels?
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C) fossil fuels
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What is the term for the fragile, invisible layer of the atmosphere about 10-30 miles above the earth's surface that shields the planet from the sun's hazardous ultraviolet rays?
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B) ozone layer
