HNF chapter 9 – Flashcards
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A blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.41 or greater can result in ___.
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death
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What population has the highest percentage of binge drinking?
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college students
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What did the data in the Sloppy Spring Breakers video indicate the ratio of women raped in the United States is?
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1 in 5 women
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What is the most serious consequence of binge drinking that can lead to rape, harmful accidents, or death?
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alcohol poisoning
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A female college student has become impaired by alcohol at a weekend party and is not in control of her behavior. An unknown male college student is trying to take her back to his room. Who is most likely to intervene and see that she is safe?
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women
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The developing fetus of a pregnant woman who drinks alcohol ___.
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may have a higher BAC than the mother
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The process by which yeast converts sugar into alcohol is called ___.
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fermentation
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The type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages is _____.
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ethanol
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The absorption of alcohol by the body can be slowed by __________.
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fatty food in the stomach
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It takes the liver up to _____ hour(s) to metabolize one standard alcoholic drink
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1.5-2
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Which of the following statements about the effects of drinking alcohol is true?
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Alcohol depresses the central nervous system.
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When your friend has had too much to drink and has passed out, it is usually safe to let that person __________.
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stay with you so you can keep him or her awake and be ready to take the friend to the hospital if needed
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In addition to calories, what nutrient is present in alcohol?
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no nutrients
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The compounds in alcohol that contribute to hangover symptoms are called ___.
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congeners
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Research results indicate that the combination of alcohol and __ in energy drinks is dangerous.
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caffeine
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Alcohol tolerance can result from ___.
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chronic alcohol drinking
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Which of the following statements regarding alcohol is TRUE?
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Alcohol is not considered an essential nutrient.
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Which of the following statements about alcohol is CORRECT?
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The presence of food in the stomach will slows the absorption of alcohol through the stomach.
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Which of the following statements regarding alcohol metabolism is TRUE?
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The liver metabolizes alcohol at a rate of 1 drink per hour.
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Which one of the following meals would result in the greatest delay in alcohol absorption?
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cheeseburger, fries, milkshake
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What is a standard serving of red wine?
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5 ounces
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How many servings are in a 12-ounce bottle of beer?
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One serving of alcohol
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You are at a party where wine and beer are being served in plastic cups. The plastic cup could contain as much as __________.
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20 ounces
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Which of the following is a cure for a hangover?
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time
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Alcohol is first absorbed in the ___.
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stomach
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When alcohol intake exceeds the body's ability to metabolize it, excess alcohol ___.
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accumulates in the bloodstream
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The alcohol in beverages is ___.
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ethanol
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Binge drinking occurs when a man consumes __ drinks or more or when a woman consumes __ drinks or more.
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5, 4
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Which of the following statements about alcohol is true?
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It has little nutritional value and contains a lot of calories.
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Which of these is an effect alcohol has on the body?
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It is dehydrating.
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A diuretic causes the body to __________.
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lose fluid via the kidneys
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A good option instead of an alcoholic drink is __________.
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a "mocktail" such as cranberry juice and seltzer water
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An added benefit of a nonalcoholic beverage, such as a "mocktail," is that the drink will likely have __________.
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vitamins
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Moderate alcohol consumption ___.
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may reduce the risk of heart disease in middle-aged people
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Which of the following is true about fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs)?
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They can occur in children exposed to alcohol in utero.
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Which of the following is considered one standard drink?
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5 oz wine
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Most of the alcohol is metabolized in the ___.
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liver
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One alcoholic drink is metabolized in ___.
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90 to 120 minutes
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The usual sequence of alcoholic liver disease is ___.
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fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis
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Excessive alcohol consumption will___.
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impair memory
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What is occurring when the body's BAC levels continue to rise to extreme levels and breathing and heart rate are interrupted?
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alcohol poisoning
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Too much alcohol can lead to infertility in both males and females.
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True
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Approximately how many college students die every year from binge drinking?
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1,825
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The term alcohol poisoning is used when the BAC rises to an extreme level where a person's breathing and heart rate are interrupted.
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True
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Red wine contains resveratrol, a congener that has antioxidant properties.
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False
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The second stage of liver disease, cirrhosis, occurs when the liver is irritated by various by-products of alcohol metabolism
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False
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In addition to the alcohol dehyrogenase system, the liver must employ amylase during chronic and elevated alcohol consumption.
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True
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Alcoholism is a chronic disease that can be caused by genetic, psychological, and environmental sources.
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True
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Alcohol is absorbed only through the small intestine, along with other nutrients.
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False
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The more alcohol you drink, the faster your body will metabolize it.
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False
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Routinely drinking too much alcohol can interfere with the absorption and/or use of protein, zinc, and magnesium, as well as water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins.
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True
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Alcohol can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
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True
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In most states in the United States, it is illegal for adults to drive with a BAC of 0.05.
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False
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Drinking too much alcohol can interfere with the absorption and/or use of
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fat-soluble vitamins, zinc, protein
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Ethanol is made through the fermentation of yeast and the natural sugars in grains and fruits.
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True
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Which substance, released by intestinal bacteria, travels to the liver and initiates further liver damage?
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endotoxin
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In addition to chronic drinking, which lifestyle behavior heightens the risk of esophageal cancer?
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smoking cigarettes
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Moderate alcohol consumption is no more than ________ alcoholic drink(s) daily for adult women, and no more than ________ drink(s) daily for adult men.
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1; 2
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A person's BAC level will stop rising once the person is unconscious.
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False
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Which body system is seriously damaged in the fetus when a pregnant woman drinks alcohol?
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nervous
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Children of alcoholics are no more likely to develop alcohol-related problems than those with parents who do not suffer from alcoholism.
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False
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What is a chronic disease where a person craves alcohol and cannot control their alcohol intake?
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alcoholism
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Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is associated with a deficiency of
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thiamin.
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Wine has more health benefits than beer or distilled spirits
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False
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Which of the following is not correct about alcohol?
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It promotes a good night's sleep.
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Alcohol tolerance is a phenomenon where the body adjusts to long-term alcohol use by becoming more sensitive to the alcohol.
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False
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The people who gain the health benefits from moderate alcohol consumption are
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women age 55 and older and men age 45 and older
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The chemical class of substances called "alcohol" includes which of the following?
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methanol, ethanol, isopropanol
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Which of the following is not correct about binge drinking?
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It is a normal part of the college experience
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Wine is made by a process known as distillation.
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False
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Which of the following does not affect how quickly you absorb and metabolize alcohol?
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the time of day you drink
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Drinking alcohol while taking ibuprofen can cause liver damage in some cases.
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False
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Fetal alcohol syndrome is the leading cause of mental retardation and birth defects in the United States.
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True
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What will occur if you consistently add extra calories from alcoholic beverages to a diet that is already meeting your daily calorie needs?
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You will gain weight because extra calories turn to fat.
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Sue is pregnant and is out with friends who are having cocktails. Sue orders a glass of wine. What are the recommendations regarding alcohol use during pregnancy?
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Do not drink at all during pregnancy.
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A thiamin deficiency can increase the risk of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
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True
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Which substance consumed during and after alcohol consumption has been shown to cause liver damage in some cases?
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acetaminophen
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One study showed that an alcoholic drink consumed after a meal is absorbed about three times more slowly than alcohol consumed on an empty stomach.
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True
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A research study of more than 700 college students found that more than half of them had blacked out at least once in their lives.
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True
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Moderate alcohol consumption can increase the levels of your "good" cholesterol, namely LDL.
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False
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Which of the areas of your brain is affected first by alcohol?
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cerebral cortex
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Heavy drinkers and alcoholics are more susceptible to incidences of colitis, or inflammation of the stomach.
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False
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Which of the following are compounds in alcohol that may contribute to hangover symptoms?
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congeners
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Women have more alcohol dehydrogenase in their stomach than men.
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True
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Individuals who are heavy drinkers have increased incidences of gastritis.
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True
