History Quiz – Flashcards

The significance of England's defeat of the Spanish Armada is that it greatly weakened Philip's army. Also, if the Spanish Armada were to have defeated England, then all of Europe would have been Catholic.

The Dutch revolted against Spain because Philip raised taxes.

Absolute monarchs thought that they were justified to exercise absolute power because G-d had chosen them to rule. DIVINE RIGHT!

The art described reveals that Spain is really focused on religion and the pride of the Spanish Monarchy, for their art is mainly about religious events. In the Dutch art, it really focused on individuality, showing that their culture is about individualism.

Spain wanted them to convert to catholicism and Dutch wanted to be protestant. Spain was Catholic and the Dutch were mainly Calvinist. This meant that the Spanish had little in common with the Dutch. Philip took steps to raise taxes in the Netherlands and slowly crush protestantism. Dutch protesters ransacked Catholic churches and later were murdered by Spanish forces.

A lack of the middle class really hurt Spain's economy because it separated the citizens. Spanish Nobles were not required to pay taxes, so the tax burden fell on the lower classes. People were not able to start business so Spain could never develop a middle class. They only got poorer.

It led them to the idea of Skepticism; the idea that nothing is ever certain.

He encouraged the idea of mercantilism. This is the idea of a self sustaining state. It was to prevent wealth from leaving France.

Louis's grandson was allowed to stay king of Spain as long as France and Spain did not unite Britain took Gibraltar and they were allowed to send slaves to the American colonies.

I agree because he had total control of everything in his empire. He made all the decisions and controlled the nobility.

Positive: France became self sustaining. Government funds and tax benefits were given to French companies. Encouraged people to migrate to colonies. Negatives: High Tariffs were placed on imports.

Anti-Protestantism contributed to Louis's downfall because the citizens of France did not agree with him. Louis was forced to set boundaries for the citizens of France which led to hatred from the people.

Major conflicts in the Thirty Year's war is between the German Protestants and Catholics. It was over religion and how Ferdinand closed down protestant churches. Ferdinand II was a Catholic and he shut down Protestant churches in Bohemia. This caused a protest by protestants and German Protestant princes saw this as an opportunity to challenge the Catholic leader. It was a war over religion and territory and power by Europe's most powerful families.

Conquered Bohemia. Wiped out Protestantism in Bohemia. Appointed the new Czech noble who was very loyal to them. Retaking Hungary from the Ottoman Empire. Centralized the government and created an army

Austria, France, Russia, and others were allied against Britain and Prussia.

The Peace of Westphalia laid the foundations of modern Europe for many in many ways. Strengthened France, ended the war, German Princes free of holy roman emperor, weakened the Hapsburg states of Spain and Austria, some of Germany become France, ended religious wars, and used a new way of peace negotiation.

Maria Theresa made alliances with French Kings and Austria's chief enemies because it took away allies from Ferdinand and also she became a peace advicator and wnated to make truse. It was basically a result of fate.

Man felt that women were less powerful and not forceful. This was demonstrated when Ferdinand wanted some of Maria Theresa's land and he felt that because she was a woman, she would not fight back .

He killed them using his police force.

He believed that to promote education and growth, a seaport would make it easier to travel to the west.

introduced potatoes, which became a staple of the Russian diet started Russia's first newspaper and edited its first issue himself raised women's status by having them attend social gatherings ordered the nobles to give up their traditional clothes for Western fashions advanced education by opening a school of navigation and introducing schools for the arts and sciences

Peter the Great was more of an absolute monarch because he was able to transform Russia into a force to be reckoned with in Europe.

Landowners because their land was taken away from them and they were slowly going lower on the social ladder.

The Russians would have seen the Europeans with less of a heretic sense and maybe embrace catholicism or protestantism.