History Chapter 9 Analysis – Flashcards
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In royal Georgia. who was the executive leader and appointed by the king?
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royal governor
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How did the king send new orders?
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the royal governor
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What could the royal governor do?
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call legislation into session, grant land, commission ships, spend funds, and command the army
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How many people were on the council which served as the upper house?
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12
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What was the lower house of Georgia called?
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The Commons House of Assembly
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What were the qualifications to be on the assembly?
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white, male, own 500 acres
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What were the qualification to vote on representatives?
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50
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Which system did Georgians have a lot more say under?
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royal
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Who was the first royal governor?
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John Reynolds
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What year did John Reynolds arrive?
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1754
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What year did the French and Indian war begin?
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1754
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Where did the original conflict of the French and Indian war begin?
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Ohio River Valley
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Who did the fighting of the French and Indian war mainly take place?
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French and Great Britian
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Who did the Indians side with in the French and Indian war?
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France
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Who was Georgia surrounded by that they thought might side with the French?
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Choctaw, Creek, Cherokee
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Who did the Spanish side with?
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French
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What important law did John Reynolds pass?
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the Militia Act
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What age group of males had to enroll for the militia act?
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16-60
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Why did people end up not liking John Reynolds?
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he tried to run Georgia like the military
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Who was in charge of firing or keeping the royal governor?
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Board of Trade
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When did Reynolds decide to leave the colony?
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1757
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Who was the second governor of Georgia?
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Henry Ellis
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What was Henry Ellis able to improve?
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the defenses of the town
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Government and religious districts
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parish
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governing board of the parish
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vestry
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What could the vestries do?
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levy taxes, provide charity, maintain roads, and oversee churches
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What was the official state church of the state of Georgia?
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Church of England
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Why did Ellis live?
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the heat and humitity
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Who was the third governor?
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James Wright
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Who was raised in South Carolina?
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James Wright
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How many plantations did James Wright own?
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11
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How many acres did James Wright own?
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25,000
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What was the Treaty the settled the effects of the French and Indian war?
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Treaty of Paris
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What treaty was signed between 4 southern colonies and the Cherokee and Creek?
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treaty of Augusta
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What did the Indians surrender in the Treaty of Augusta?
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all land between the Ogeechee and Savannah Rivers
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surrendar
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cede
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How many acres were open for settlement after the treaty of Augusta?
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3 million
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What kind of crops did all Georgian farmers grow?
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corn, beans, peas, and potatoes
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What kinds of animals were raised on the farms?
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cows, chickens, pigs
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What kind of plantations were cultivated in low-lying coastal areas?
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rice
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What 3 things were made from the sap of the pine tree?
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tar, pitch, and turpentine
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products designed especially for the use of the royal navy
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Naval Stores
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What things also provided a profitable business in Augusta?
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skins and furs
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What was eventually introduced as the main cash crop of Virginia and North Carolina?
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tobacco
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crop grown to be sold for income
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cash crop
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What were the 3 ways people in Georgia could get land?
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buy it, receive it as a gift or inheritance, receive it as a grant from the colonial government
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What day of the week were grants made?
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Tuesday
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How were grants determined?
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size of the family
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How many acres could each person ask for?
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100 for the head of the family, 50 for each member of the household which includes slaves and indentured servants
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granting land based on the number of household members
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headright system
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What land was the most desirable?
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low-lying
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What were the occupations of people besides farmers?
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doctors, merchants, traders, lawyers
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What were some artisan occupations?
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coopers, cartwrights, blacksmiths, carpenters, balzers, tailors
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people who teach children for a fee
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tutors
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What kind of ownership became more popular as more and more people made their way to towns?
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hotel and restuarants
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Who came with George Whitfield hoping to be a missionary and school teacher?
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James Habersham
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Who helped with the Bethseda Orphanage?
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James Habersham
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Who was a store owner who became a partner with James Habersham?
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Francis Harris
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What did James Habersham and Francis Harris decide to do that made them the first to do so?
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bring goods directly from London
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Who later served in the colonial government?
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James Habersham
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Who moved to Georgia in the 1750s from South Carolina and really helped boost the economy?
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Puritans
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What religious groups were given grants in Georgia?
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Puritans, Quakers, Scots-Irish
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those who move into a country to live
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immigrants
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What were people called who came from the back country of Virginia and the Carolinas?
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crackers
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illiterate, uneducated farmers who moved into the Georgia back country
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crackers
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What were 2 crops that were grown but required much work?
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rice, indigo
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Why did the planter not want to use indentured servants to plant their crops?
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they were not a constant source of labor
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Who proved to be the best choice for slaves?
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Africans
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Where were most Africans transported from?
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Caribbean Islands (west Indies)
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Besides the Caribbean Islands, where else did slaves come from?
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South Carolina and the western countries of Africa
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How many were on most plantations?
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20 or more
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What were some of the dangers that lurked in the water?
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alligators, snakes, mosquitoes carrying diseases
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What did most plantations operate under?
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the task system
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What is the task system?
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the slaves were given a certain number of tasks for the day, once they finished their tasks they had free time to do what they wanted
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Why did the owners only provide the bare necessities for his slaves?
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they were usually working for profit
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the amount left after all expenses are paid
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profit
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What were 2 skills that some slaves were able to learn?
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smithing or sewing
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What people had few if any slaves?
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back country farmers
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Series of laws governing what slaves and master could or could not do
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slave codes
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How many hours could a slave work every day?
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16
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What day of the week were slaves not allowed to work?
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Sunday
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What were slaves not allowed to be taught to do?
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to read of write
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Could the slaves leave?
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not without permission
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What could the slaves not do?
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beat drums or blow horns
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What was the most frequent form of resistance from slaves?
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running away
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Where most slaves rebellious?
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no
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Who had to come directly form England?
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Ministers for the Anglican Church
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Who was the most successful minister sent to Savannah during this period?
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Bartholomew Zouberbuhler
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What could most ministers not stand about America?
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the hardships
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What were 4 other religious groups in Georgia?
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Lutherans, Puritans, Presbyterians, and Jews
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What was the fast growing denomination especially in the backcountry?
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Baptists
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an organized religious group
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denomination
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What groups did church serve?
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whites and blacks
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What were the 2 major schools?
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Bethesda Orphanage and the school started by the Lutherns
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Who sent their sons to England to get an education?
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Merchants and Wealthy men
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What days were set celebrations?
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the kings birthday
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What were often times where people could get together?
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weddings and funerals
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What club was initially formed for artisans but planters and professionals were later allowed to join?
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Union Society
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What was one of the main purposes of the Union Society?
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to preform charitable deeds
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What were some clubs formed to handle?
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special ceremonies for the special holidays
