History Ch 8 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Under the Articles of Confederation, the confederation government lacked
answer
an executive and judicial branch as well as the power to levy taxes.
question
Under the Articles of Confederation,
answer
each state had a single vote in Congress.
question
The Articles of Confederation were finally approved in 1781 when all the states agreed to surrender their
answer
claims to western lands.
question
Most of the new states spelled out their citizens' rights and liberties in written contracts because
answer
the unwritten nature of British political traditions led to Americans being denied liberties they had assumed they possessed.
question
A shared feature of all the state constitutions drawn up during the American Revolution was
answer
the conviction that government rests on the consent of the governed.
question
In devising their new constitutions, most states
answer
reduced the powers of the governor.
question
Virginia's constitution was the first to
answer
include a bill of rights.
question
Writers of the new state constitutions believed that voting requirements should
answer
include property ownership because property owners had independence of mind.
question
Which state allowed free blacks and women to vote in the early years of the republic?
answer
New Jersey
question
Some states were reluctant to include "equality language" in their bills of rights and constitutions because
answer
they were afraid the words could be construed to apply to slaves.
question
In the quarter century after 1775, legislatures provided for the immediate or gradual abolition of slavery in
answer
most northern states.
question
Factors leading to the postwar depression that began in the mid-1780s included
answer
huge state and federal war debts, private debt, and rapid expenditure.
question
Robert Morris proposed to increase the revenue of the confederation government by
answer
passing a 5 percent import tax (called an impost).
question
In the land ordinances of 1784 and 1785, Congress
answer
set out a rectangular grid system for surveying land and established township perimeters.
question
Under the Ordinance of 1785's guidelines for land sales in the Northwest Territory, land would be sold
answer
by public auction at a minimum purchase price of a dollar per acre and in minimum parcels of 640 acres each.
question
The most serious obstacle to settlement in the Northwest Territory was
answer
clashes with the Indian tribes that occupied the land.
question
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
answer
prohibited slavery in the Northwest Territory.
question
Shays's Rebellion of 1786 was the result of
answer
increased taxes on farmers in Massachusetts.
question
Massachusetts responded to Shays's Rebellion with a
answer
dispatch of a private army of militiamen.
question
The major legacy of Shays's Rebellion was
answer
the realization that the Articles of Confederation were inadequate and thus a reworking of national government was needed.
question
The delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787 generally
answer
were concerned about the weaknesses in the government under the Articles of Confederation.
question
The fundamental issue raised at the Constitutional Convention was
answer
how to balance the conflicting interests of large and small states.
question
At the Constitutional Convention, the proposal to create a two-chamber legislature, with representation in both houses based on each state's population, was known as the
answer
Virginia Plan.
question
The major objection to the Virginia Plan by the smaller states at the Constitutional Convention was
answer
that the representation of the states in both houses of the congress would be based on population.
question
The New Jersey Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention
answer
called for a one-chamber legislature in which each state would have one vote.
question
The Constitutional Convention deadlocked over the issue of
answer
representation.
question
As a part of the Great Compromise, delegates at the Philadelphia convention agreed
answer
on a lower house whose seats would be apportioned on the basis of population, and an upper house—the Senate—that would have two senators per state.
question
At the Philadelphia convention, which of the following was the compromise reached on the issue of who counted as population for the purpose of deciding representation?
answer
Slaves were counted under the three-fifths clause
question
When the Constitution was drafted, slavery was
answer
not named, but its existence was recognized and guaranteed.
question
In a new distinction between democracy and republicanism, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention
answer
gave a direct voice to the people only in the House.
question
To create a presidency out of the reach of direct democracy, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention
answer
devised the electoral college.
question
Before the Constitution could go into effect, it had to be ratified
answer
by ratifying conventions in nine of the thirteen states.
question
The Constitution most clearly shifted the balance of power in favor of
answer
national over state governments.
question
Pro-Constitution forces called themselves
answer
Federalists
question
The first state to ratify the Constitution was
answer
Delaware
question
Antifederalists were united mainly by
answer
their desire to block the Constitution.
question
Antifederalism in New York centered on
answer
the state's size and power in relation to the new federal government.
question
The authors of the series of essays known as The Federalist Papers originally wrote them
answer
as newspaper articles detailing the failures of the Articles of Confederation.
question
In essay number 10 of The Federalist, James Madison maintained that the constitutional government would
answer
prevent any one faction from subverting the freedom of other groups.
question
The core of Antifederalists' opposition to the Constitution centered on
answer
fear that distant power might infringe on people's liberties.
