History and Systems Final
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At the time of Freud's death, the dominant form of American psychology was ____.
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Behaviorism
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A basic difference between psychoanalysis and the other systems of psychology was that ____.
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the other systems had an academic background and a focus on a pure science
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The primary method of psychoanalysis was ____.
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clinical observation
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A topic addressed by psychoanalysis and essentially ignored by the other schools of psychology was ____.
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the unconscious
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The creator of monadology was ____.
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Gottfried WIlhelm Leibnitz
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Which of the following is an original idea created by Freud, and not his predecessors?
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None of the above
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The analogy that the mind is like an iceberg, with its bulk hidden from view (unconscious), is attributed to______.
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Fechner
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The notion of the pleasure principle was borrowed by Freud from ____.
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Fechner
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The first person to argue for the humane treatment of the mentally ill was ____.
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Juan Luis Vives
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By the 18th century, abnormal behavior was deemed to be ____.
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irrational behavior
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The person who most strongly influenced humane reforms for the mentally ill in the United States was ________.
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Dorthea Dix
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The first psychiatrist in formal practice in the United States was ____.
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Benjamin Rush
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By the era of Freud's medical training, the dominant view in psychiatry about the cause of mental illness was _______.
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Somatic
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The psychic approach to mental illness was encouraged in the U.S. by ____.
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The Emmanuel Movement
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Hypnosis garnered some scientific respectability through the work of ____.
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Braid on neurology
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The concept of childhood sexuality can be traced to ____.
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All except Aristotle
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The attitude toward sex in the Vienna of the Victorian era was ____.
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permissive and open
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Which of the following topics had already been discussed before Freud?
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All of them
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Charcot and Janet had practiced ____ prior to Freud's work on the same idea.
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Hypnosis
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In common with functionalism and behaviorism, psychoanalysis bears the influences of ____.
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All of them
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Freud's infamous use of cocaine ____.
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extended to middle age
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The goal of Freud's therapies was to ____.
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bring into conscious awareness repressed memories or thoughts which were assumed to be the source of the patient's abnormal behavior
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Freud proposed that neurotic behavior did not develop in persons who ____.
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led a normal sex life
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Freud proposed that ____.
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nothing in a dream is without cause
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Freud's major work is considered to be ____.
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The Interpretation of Dreams
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Freud died as the result of ____.
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a morphine overdose
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____ is an unconscious inability to bring into conscious awareness memories that are too shameful or painful to be faced.
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Resistance
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According to Freud, the biological, need-related part of everyone's personality is the ____.
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id
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By the 1930s and 1940s, psychoanalysis ____.
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Was wholeheartedly embraced by the American public
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Which of the following psychotheorists is NOT considered a neo-Freudian?
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None; all are neo-freudian
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The ego psychologists emphasized the influence of ____ while de-emphasizing the role of ____.
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social forces; biological forces
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Which branch of psychoanalysis did Anna Freud found?
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Ego psychology
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For Klein, the adult personality is rooted in the nature of the mother-child relationship in the first ____ of life.
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6 months
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Freud wanted ____ to take over the psychoanalytic school.
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Jung
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Jung's theoretical system is known as ____.
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Analytical psychology
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Alfred Adler and Karen Horney claimed that human behavior is determined by ____.
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interpersonal relationships to which the individual has been exposed, particularly in childhood
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Inferiority feelings, according to Adler, develop in ____.
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infancy
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The core of Horney's system reflects ____.
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her unsatisfactory relationship with her parents
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In Horney's system, the central idea is ____.
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basic anxiety
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In general, the designation \"third force\" applies to ____.
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humanistic psychology
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The component(s) of the Zeitgeist of the 1960s in the United States that were manifested in humanistic psychology was(were) ____.
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rebellion against the natural order, a focus on personal fulfillment, and an emphasis on the present
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The humanistic psychologists insisted on the study of ____.
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neglected aspects of human behavior
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The spiritual father of humanistic psychology is considered to be ____.
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Maslow
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For Maslow, the major motivating force is ____.
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self-actualization
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Rogers's approach is ____.
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person-centered
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The humanistic theme that psychologists should study the best as well as the worst of human characteristics was reinstated by ____.
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positive psychology
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The positive psychology movement was initiated by ____.
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Martin Seligman
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In the research on the characteristics of happy people, the happiest people ____.
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are more successful and productive
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According to Schultz and Schultz, positive psychology \"may represent the most enduring legacy of ____.\"
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humanistic psychology
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The major difference between positive psychology and both humanistic psychology and psychoanalysis is that positive psychologists tend to use ____ while the other two approaches tend to use _____.
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experimental methods; subjective case histories
