question

In what way were the European empires in the nineteenth century distinctive from earlier empires in world history?

answer

Nineteenth-century European empires were able to penetrate more deeply into the daily lives of colonial subjects.

question

Which of the following is an example of a "settler colony" in the nineteenth century?

answer

Australia

question

Who was the African political leader whose empire took the French sixteen years to conquer?

answer

Samori Toure

question

Which of the following was a way that African intellectuals sought to promote the concept of "African identity"?

answer

They drew on a common experience of colonial oppression to think in broader African terms.

question

In the nineteenth century, what did Europeans use to substantiate their racial preferences and prejudices?

answer

Allegedly "scientific" methods

question

Where did missionaries have the least success in converting the local population to Christianity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

answer

Muslim regions of Africa

question

What made European racism in the nineteenth century distinct from earlier periods?

answer

It was expressed in terms of modern science.

question

What advantage did a Western education give colonial subjects?

answer

Access to better-paying positions in government bureaucracies

question

In governing their colonies in the nineteenth century, Europeans relied on

answer

local elites.

question

Which of the following was an outcome of the Indian rebellion against British rule in 1857 and 1858?

answer

The British became more cautious in their efforts to change Indian society.

question

What is "social Darwinism"?

answer

The belief that superior Europeans will displace "unfit" races

question

What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

answer

The growth of mass nationalism in Europe

question

Which innovation in 1869 made it easier and quicker for Europeans to reach Asia?

answer

Completion of the Suez Canal

question

What advantage did a Western education give colonial subjects?

answer

Access to better-paying positions in European-owned businesses

question

Which of the following is true of "social Darwinism"?

answer

Social Darwinism suggested that European dominance involved the displacement or destruction of "unfit" races.

question

What is a Maxim gun?

answer

Automatic machine gun

question

In the nineteenth century, what benefit did local elites who cooperated with their European colonial rulers gain?

answer

A means to retain their social status and privileges

question

Which country successfully avoided the colonization to which their neighbors succumbed in the nineteenth century?

answer

Japan

question

What was the Boer War (1899-1902)?

answer

A South African war between Britain and the descendants of Dutch settlers

question

How did the Gikuyu people of colonial Kenya react to the success of European missionaries in securing a ban on female circumcision in 1929?

answer

They created independent Christian churches and schools beyond the control of missionaries.

question

How did colonial economies in Africa change the role of women?

answer

New colonial economies led to a great increase in women's workload in providing subsistence for their families.

question

What new developments facilitated overseas expansion in the late nineteenth century?

answer

Underwater telegraph cables and steam-driven ships significantly improved communication.

question

In the second wave of European imperialism from 1750 to 1914, how did European powers prefer to control colonial regions?

answer

Europeans preferred informal control rather than formal control of colonial regions because it was cheaper.

question

Which country emerged as a colonial power in the nineteenth century?

answer

Belgium

question

What is "social Darwinism"?

answer

The belief that superior Europeans will displace "unfit" races

question

Who presided over the cruel forced labor system in the Congo Free State at the opening of the twentieth century?

answer

King Leopold II

question

Which of the following impeded the spread of Christianity in Europe's colonies?

answer

There was resistance to attempts to impose Christian cultural views.

question

What role did Spain and Portugal play in the second wave of European imperialism in the nineteenth century?

answer

They continued to possess colonies but were relatively minor players in the new imperial enterprise.

question

The European takeover of most of Africa is known as the

answer

"Scramble for Africa."

question

What facilitated the Dutch acquisition of Indonesia?

answer

The political fragmentation of Indonesia

question

What separated African society from European society according to Edward Blyden, the West African born in the West Indies and educated in the United States who later became a political official in Liberia?

answer

That African societies possessed profound religious sensibilities, whereas European societies had lost such sensibilities over previous centuries in their pursuit of material gain.

question

Which colony suffered a reign of terror in which millions of natives were killed and mutilated to force them to produce for the European market?

answer

Congo Free State

question

During the expansion of the United States in the nineteenth century, the United States went to war against which country?

answer

Mexico

question

Which of the following was a destination for hundreds of thousands of Chinese migrants in the nineteenth century?

answer

Australia

question

Where did missionaries have the least success in converting the local population to Christianity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

answer

Muslim regions of Africa

question

What was a distinctive feature of nineteenth-century European colonial empires?

answer

European empires penetrated the societies they governed to an unprecedented extent.

question

Which is true of cash-crop agriculture in European colonial empires during the nineteenth century?

answer

Cash-crop agriculture led to environmental problems.

question

Which of the following describes a feature of European colonial administration in the nineteenth century?

answer

The reliance on local elites

question

Which of the following was a feature of the cultivation system imposed in the Netherlands East Indies during the nineteenth century?

answer

It enriched and strengthened the position of traditional local authorities that worked for the Dutch.

question

In governing their colonies in the nineteenth century, Europeans relied on

answer

local elites.

question

Which of the following was an outcome of the Indian rebellion against British rule in 1857 and 1858?

answer

The rebellion greatly widened the racial divide in colonial India.

question

In which colony did local opposition to the forced cultivation of cash crops succeed in bringing an end to the system by the early twentieth century?

answer

German East Africa

question

In what way was the conversion of non-Muslim Africa to Christianity similar to the conversion of the Americas in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

answer

Military defeat shook confidence in the old gods and local practices.

question

Which group eventually replaced traditional elites as the main group that European powers relied on to rule their colonies?

answer

Western-educated members of the local society

question

Which of the following describes a common response of indigenous elites to European rule?

answer

Cooperation with the colonial power

question

Which country became a new colonial power in the late nineteenth century?

answer

Japan

question

What made European racism in the nineteenth century distinct from earlier periods?

answer

It was expressed in terms of modern science.

question

What contributed to European military superiority in 1750?

answer

Organization, drill and practice, and command structure

question

In the nineteenth century, what did Europeans use to substantiate their racial preferences and prejudices?

answer

Allegedly "scientific" methods

question

Which East Asian country "joined the imperialist club" in the nineteenth century by seizing control of colonies?

answer

Japan

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