question

A major success for Germany and its allies during World War II was

answer

the "blitzkrieg" campaign.

question

After breaking Japanese codes, the American navy was forewarned about the timing of this attack and prepared for an ambush. This battle proved to be the turning point of the Pacific naval war.

answer

Battle of Midway

question

As late as December 1944, more American military personnel were deployed in the Pacific theater of war than against Germany.

answer

true

question

As the war drew to a close, tensions emerged among the Allied powers over Stalin's reluctance to allow self-rule in eastern Europe, and Churchill's reluctance to allow self-rule for Great Britain's colonies.

answer

true

question

At Bataan in the Philippines, U.S. and Filipino forces captured 78,000 Japanese soldiers in the largest surrender in Japanese military history.

answer

false

question

By 1944, the United States produced a plane every five minutes and a ship every day.

answer

true

question

By the late 1930s, Americans were nearly universally in favor of intervening militarily in Germany to stop the horrors being perpetrated against Jews and others by Adolf Hitler and his followers.

answer

false

question

Congress passed this legislation in 1941, which authorized military aid so long as countries promised to return it all after the war. The passing of this act allowed the U.S. to funnel billions of dollars' worth of arms to Britain, China, and later the Soviet Union.

answer

Lend-Lease Act

question

During Germany's effort to seize Stalingrad beginning in August 1942, 800,000 Germans and 1.2 million Russians died in the fighting.

answer

true

question

During World War II, membership numbers for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) grew to approximately one-half million.

answer

true

question

During World War II, the Axis powers were

answer

Germany, Italy, and Japan.

question

During World War II, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was probably more racially integrated than any labor organization since the Knights of Labor in the 1880s.

answer

true

question

During World War II, the NAACP and American Jewish Congress cooperated closely in advocating laws to ban discrimination in employment and housing.

answer

true

question

During World War II, the Red Cross refused to mix blood from blacks and whites in its blood banks.

answer

true

question

During World War II, the federal government spent twice the amount of money it had spent in all of the previous 150 years of American history.

answer

true

question

Eighty percent of Japan's oil came from the United States prior to 1941

answer

true

question

Following America's entry into the war, the federal government assumed vast powers to oversee the national economy.

answer

true

question

Franklin Delano Roosevelt's foreign policy with regard to Latin American countries was called

answer

the Good Neighbor Policy.

question

Germany suffered far higher casualties among its soldiers on the western front than it did on the Russian front.

answer

false

question

In May 1942, the United States Navy thwarted a Japanese attack against Australia in the Battle of the Coral Sea.

answer

true

question

In the 1944 case of Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that

answer

the internment of people of Japanese descent was not based on race.

question

June 6, 1944, the day on which nearly 200,000 American, British, and Canadian soldiers landed in northwestern France, in Normandy, is known as

answer

D-Day.

question

Millions of Americans moved out of urban ethnic neighborhoods and isolated rural enclaves into the army and industrial plants where they came into contact with people from various backgrounds, creating a melting pot that historians call

answer

patriotic assimilation.

question

Most of the bloodshed that occurred in Europe during World War II took place on the eastern front.

answer

true

question

On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes attacked the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor. Where is Pearl Harbor?

answer

Hawaii

question

President Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066 ordered the internment of all Japanese-Americans who refused to sign an oath of loyalty to the United States.

answer

false

question

Prior wars, such as the Mexican War and World War I, had deeply divided American society, yet World War II came to be remembered as the Good War.

answer

true

question

Senator Gerald P. Nye's 1934-1935 hearings demonstrated that bankers had suffered terrible economic setbacks during World War I.

answer

false

question

Some 30 million Americans moved during World War II. Half of these people

answer

went into military service.

question

The America First Committee sought to ensure that America would be one of the first nations to enter the conflict against Adolf Hitler.

answer

false

question

The American Indians who were famously called "code talkers" during World War II were from the Cherokee tribe.

answer

false

question

The Ford Motor Company employed slave labor provided by the German government.

answer

true

question

The Road to Serfdom was written by economist Friedrich A. Hayek, who stated "planning leads to dictatorship," alluding to the idea that even the best-intentioned government efforts to direct the economy posed a threat to individual liberty.

answer

true

question

The Roosevelt administration paid little attention to foreign affairs before the attack on Pearl Harbor.

answer

false

question

The United States inflicted severe losses on the Japanese Navy in the Battle of Midway Island.

answer

true

question

The branch of the federal government created in 1942 to mobilize public opinion and that sought to make the conflict "a 'people's war' for freedom" was called

answer

the Office of War Information.

question

The congressional legislation that extended an array of benefits, including unemployment pay, educational scholarships, low-cost mortgage loans, pensions, and job training to millions of returning veterans beginning in 1944, was called

answer

the Servicemen's Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Rights.

question

The desire for both victory at home against segregation and victory overseas against the Germans and the Japanese came to be called this by African-Americans during World War II.

answer

the "double-V"

question

The federal government adopted this Keynesian idea both before and during World War II.

answer

reduction in the amount of federal spending overall to allow small businesses to flourish

question

The founder of Italian fascism who sent troops to invade and conquer Ethiopia was

answer

Benito Mussolini.

question

At _________, in 1944 the U.S. Army fought its largest battle ever, leaving more than 70,000 American casualties.

answer

the Battle of the Bulge

question

The limits of wartime tolerance were tested in 1943 Los Angeles with the

answer

zoot suit riots.

question

The mass extinction of "undesirable" peoples—Slavs, Gypsies, homosexuals, and, above all, Jews—that Hitler undertook in 1941, and that we now call the Holocaust, he called

answer

the "final solution."

question

The self-confident woman portrayed as fully capable of doing a man's job on posters and on magazine covers during World War II was called

answer

"Rosie the Riveter."

question

The so-called fifth freedom was

answer

free enterprise.

question

The successor to the United Nations was the League of Nations.

answer

false

question

The term "blitzkrieg" means "lightning war."

answer

true

question

The top-secret program in which American scientists developed an atomic bomb during World War II was called the Manhattan Project.

answer

true

question

This area of the country emerged as a focus of military-industrial production during WWII.

answer

West Coast

question

Toward the end of World War II, evidence existed that Japanese officials would accept surrender if Emperor Hirohito could remain on his throne.

answer

true

question

Under this program, tens of thousands of contract laborers from Mexico crossed into the United States to take up jobs as domestic and agricultural workers during World War II.

answer

bracero program

question

Unions became firmly established in many sectors of the economy during World War II.

answer

true

question

War mobilization greatly strengthened the size and stature of the American labor movement.

answer

true

question

War mobilization lifted the industrial Northeast out of the Depression, but left the economies of the South and the West virtually untouched.

answer

false

question

What province of northern China did Japan invade in 1931?

answer

Manchuria

question

When World War II ended, most female war workers, especially those in better-paying industrial employment

answer

were laid off.

question

Which of the following was not a feature of American involvement in World War II?

answer

FDR agreed to a wartime alliance with the Soviet Union only after Stalin promised to rid his country of communism after the war.

question

Which of the following was not a major thrust of the Four Freedoms promoted by FDR?

answer

The only thing Americans have to fear is fear itself.

question

Which was not a goal or action of Adolf Hitler's?

answer

He seized control of the Philippines and Malaysia.

question

Which was not one of the Four Freedoms, President Roosevelt's shorthand for American purposes in World War II?

answer

freedom of liberty

question

Who of the following were known as the "Big Three"?

answer

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin

question

With the spread of this on college campuses, tens of thousands of students took part in a "strike for peace" in 1935.

answer

pacifism

HIST2620 Chapter 22 – Flashcards

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