question

"Vertical integration" is defined as one company controlling every phase of the business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution.

answer

True

question

A significant amount of Mexican-era landholdings were made available for sale because United States courts only recognized land titles to individual plots of land.

answer

True

question

According to Social Darwinism, government should seek to help the poor, and build an activist state to regulate the nation's corporations.

answer

False

question

All of the following were "captains of industry" except

answer

Samuel Gompers.

question

Although ethnic diversity is generally associated with eastern cities, in the late nineteenth century the most multicultural state in the Union was Arizona.

answer

False

question

American presidents during the Gilded Age exerted strong, effective, executive leadership.

answer

False

question

At the Battle of Little Big Horn, General George Armstrong Custer's troops were victorious.

answer

False

question

Between 1870 and 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas?

answer

25 million

question

By 1880, persons of Chinese descent made up over half of California's farm workers.

answer

True

question

By 1890, the vast majority of the remaining Indian population had been removed to reservations scattered across the western states.

answer

True

question

By 1913, the United States produced how much of the world's industrial output?

answer

one-third

question

By the 1880s, the labor situation was such that Texas cowboys even went on strike for higher pay.

answer

True

question

By the early 1890s, a pension system for Union soldiers, their widows, and children consumed more than 40 percent of the federal budget.

answer

True

question

Compared to other religions expanding to the West, the Mormon experience was relatively peaceful and the community accepting

answer

False

question

Compared to the United States and the American Indians, Australia's handling of the Aboriginal people was harsher.

answer

True

question

During the second industrial revolution, wage labor became America's leading source of livelihood.

answer

True

question

During the two decades following the Civil War, which were known as the golden age of the cattle kingdom, cowboys were highly paid.

answer

False

question

Elk v. Wilkins (1884) stated that

answer

the rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments did not apply to American Indians.

question

Following the Civil War, generals like Philip H. Sheridan set out to destroy the foundations of the American Indian economy.

answer

true

question

Founded in 1867, this group claimed more than 700,000 members in the mid-1870s, who called on state governments to establish fair freight rates and warehouse charges.

answer

the Grange

question

Ida Tarbell authored the famous novel House of Mirth, which depicted the downfall of a young woman trying to "marry up" in society.

answer

True False

question

In 1869, President Ulysses S. Grant announced a new "peace policy" in the West.

answer

True False

question

In 1879, for the first time since the Civil War, the United States departed from the gold standard.

answer

True False

question

In 1890, the distribution of wealth in the United States was

answer

the top 1 percent of Americans owned more property than the remaining 99 percent.

question

In Wabash v. Illinois, this prior ruling was essentially reversed.

answer

Munn v. Illinois

question

In setting out to destroy the Indian economy and way of life, Civil War veterans almost decimated the buffalo population.

answer

True

question

In the era from 1870 to 1890, the label "the Gilded Age" originally derived from

answer

a derogatory name from literature meaning covered with gold but what lies beneath is of little value.

question

In the late 1800s, Protestants attempted reforms to "stamp out sin," yet were tolerant of businesses opening on Sundays.

answer

False

question

In the late 1800s, farm families in the trans-Mississippi West became less dependent on loans as they were able to purchase land, machinery, and industrial products despite the prices for agricultural goods in the world market.

answer

False

question

In the late 1800s, this geographic area experienced the most dramatic growth in capitalism.

answer

land west of the Mississippi River

question

In the late nineteenth century, the Republican Party found particularly strong support among all of the following except

answer

Irish Americans.

question

In which industry did Andrew Carnegie make his fortune?

answer

steel

question

Inspired in part by President Garfield's assassination by a disappointed office seeker, the Civil Service Act of 1883 created a merit system for federal employees.

answer

True

question

Legal devices whereby the affairs of several rival companies were managed by a single director are called

answer

trusts.

question

On December 29, 1890, soldiers killed between 150 and 200 American Indians, mostly women and children, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota.

answer

True

question

The 1887 Dawes Act

answer

led to the loss of tribal lands and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions.

question

The Bureau of Indian Affairs established boarding schools for the purpose of

answer

removing Indian children from their parents and tribes and assimilating them into "white ways."

question

The Civil Service Act of 1883 marked the first step in establishing a professional civil service and removing office-holding from the hands of political machines.

answer

True

question

The Haymarket Affair resulted in the hanging of four convicted anarchists.

answer

True

question

The Knights of Labor regarded inequalities of wealth and power as a growing threat to American democracy.

answer

True

question

The Social Gospel movement concentrated on attacking individual sins such as drinking and Sabbath-breaking and saw nothing immoral about the pursuit of riches.

answer

False

question

The United States underwent one of the most rapid and profound economic revolutions any country has ever experienced. Which of the following is a major factor?

answer

abundant natural resources

question

The West was a remarkably homogeneous region—only in the twentieth century would it become ethnically diverse.

answer

False

question

The author of How the Other Half Lives (1890) was

answer

Jacob Riis.

question

The belief that private control of economic enterprises should be replaced by government ownership in order to ensure a fairer distribution of the benefits of the wealth produced is called

answer

socialism.

question

The event marking the end of four centuries of armed conflict between the continent's native population and European settlers and their descendants was called

answer

Wounded Knee

question

The extermination of the North American bison (buffalo) drastically undermined the livelihood of the Plains Indians

answer

True

question

The first federal agency intended to regulate economic activity, and ensure that railroad rates were reasonable, and favoritism was avoided was

answer

the Interstate Commerce Commission.

question

The first national labor walkout occurred in 1877 and was the Great Railroad Strike.

answer

True

question

The industrial revolution in the United States took place principally in

answer

the North and the Midwest.

question

The most famous American Indian victory in American history took place in June 1876 when General George A. Custer and his 250 men perished.

answer

True

question

The new American Indian groups that migrated to the Great Plains were greeted with open arms and friendly words by the Indians already living there.

answer

False

question

The new agricultural empire producing wheat and corn for national and international markets arose on the

answer

Middle Border.

question

The phrase that best captures the vision of the Knights of Labor is

answer

"Cooperative commonwealth."

question

The poem by Emma Lazarus including "huddled masses yearning to breathe free" is located on which American landmark?

answer

Statue of Liberty

question

The political "boss" of New York City in the early 1870s was

answer

William M. Tweed.

question

The spirit of innovation contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century. Which of the following was not an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s?

answer

the airplane

question

The term "Lochnerism" derived from the 1905 Supreme Court decision Lochner v. New York, in which the Court voided the state's law establishing a ten-hour day maximum for bakers.

answer

True

question

This improvement was key in both the division of time zones as well as improving sales in such brands as Ivory soap and Quaker Oats.

answer

standard gauge for railroads

question

What was the book in which Henry George proposed a "single tax" on real estate that would replace all other taxes?

answer

Progress and Poverty

question

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886?

answer

Knights of Labor

question

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?

answer

1880

question

Which of the following best describes the "Ghost Dance"?

answer

a pan-Indian movement which involved singing, dancing, and religious observances believed to be reminiscent of earlier prophets

question

Which of the following can be associated with the decline of the Knights of Labor?

answer

Haymarket Square

question

Which of the following was John D. Rockefeller's company?

answer

Standard Oil Company

question

William "Buffalo Bill" Cody was

answer

an entertainer who had a traveling show showcasing reenactments of battles with Indians.

question

With the mechanization of manufacture, skilled workers virtually disappeared from industrial America.

answer

False

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