HIMT: Fundamentals of Electronic Information Systems (Ch 14) – Flashcards
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information system
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This is a collection of related components that interact to perform a task in order to accomplish a goal.
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information system
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This is the integration of several elements in a business process to effect a specific outcome.
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information system
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This is a process that refines raw facts into meaningful information
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hardware, software, communication technology
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The components of an information system include _____, _____, and _____.
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raw facts and figures, meaningful interpretation of data
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Data represent ____ and information represents _______.
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information system activity
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Input is considered _____.
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business process
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A physician ordering a lab test is an example of:
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expert system
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Dr. Smith enters the patient's signs and symptoms into a computer program that indicates the probability of the correct diagnosis with its treatment regime. This is an example of _____.
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management information system
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Every week, the HIM dept. director receives summary reports of statistical information on the number of incomplete medical records for discharged patients. Report show totals and trends. This is an example of ____.
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decision support system
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Dr. Smith adds three new medications to the patient's treatment. The computer then reminds the doctor that serious drug interactions could occur when combined with the original drug protocol. This is an example of _____.
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transaction processing system
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The HIM department director receives daily reports on the number of new admissions to and discharges from the hospital. This is an example of _____.
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system development life cycle
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The ________ is the traditional way to plan and implement an IS.
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planning
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The first phase of the system development life cycle is the _____ phase.
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analysis
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End user requirements are identified in the _____ phase of the SDLC.
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site visits, joint application development, prototype
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During the analysis phase, to identify requirements for a proposed IS, ______ and _____ should be conducted, and ____ should be developed.
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implementation
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Testing the new IS system is part of the ______ phase.
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false
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True or false. Computer peripherals such as mice, printers, and monitors control the computer's operating system.
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utility
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These types of programs include virus checkers, backup, and recovery.
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disk operating system
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DOS stands for _____
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interface
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The user communicates with the computer through _____.
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false
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True or false. Machine languages use a standard set of abbreviations to replace some of the ones and zeros used in assembly language.
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true
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True or false.The increasing use of wireless technology is one of the hottest technology trends today.
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natural programming language
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Artificial intelligence is a type of ______.
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true
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True or false. Education and reference software is one category of application software.
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operating system, language translator, utility program
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The three basic pieces of system software are the _____, ____, and _____.
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relational
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Type of database that stores data in predefined tables made up of rows and columns.
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data warehouse
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Storage device for multiple databases that can be accessed via a single question and report interface.
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intranet
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Type of network that works as a private Internet.
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LAN
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Computer network that connects devices in a small geographical area.
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World Wide Web
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System of Internet servers that supports specially formatted documents.
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data dictionary
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Description of the structure of a specific database.
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extranet
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Type of network that allows the networks of separate organizations to communicate with one another.
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telecommunications
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Term used to describe a system of voice and data transmission.
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clients
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Computers that are used to access shared resources in a network.
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WAN
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Computer network that connects devices across a large geographical network.
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information system
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Integration of several elements of a business process to achieve a specific output.
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data
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Raw facts are otherwise known as _____.
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data, meaningful information
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____ are provided to the IS by end users. The IS refines them into ______.
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data, people, work processes, hardware, software, communication technology
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An IS consists of ____, _____ and _____ and a combination of ___, ____ and ______.
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input, processing, output, storage, controlling
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IS perform five specific activities. They are:
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operation support system
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This type of IS is used to process business transactions, support communication and collaboration among business units, and update business databases, it is referred to as _____.
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transaction processing system, operation support system
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Registration, admission, discharge transfer system is an example of _____ which is part of the _______.
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transaction processing system
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This type of IS manages the different kinds of transactions that occur in a healthcare facility.
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transaction processing system
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This type of operating support system manages patient admissions, employee time cards, supply purchases, RADT.
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lower level managers
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_______ mainly use TPS.
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enterprise collaboration systems
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These types of operating support systems enhance teamwork and are sometimes called office automation systems.
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enterprise collaboration system
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This type of operating support system manages electronic mail and appointment scheduling, project management software, and videoconferencing systems.
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enterprise wide system
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This type of IS manages data for an entire healthcare business, automating information at the point of service and analyzing business and clinical practices for outcome and cost improvements.
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enterprise wide
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These systems allow human resource, financial, and customer relationship management as well as supply chain planning and sales/logic.
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enterprise wide
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The electronic health record is an example of what type of IS.
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enterprise wide
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The _______ system helps administrators make decisions about standardization, productivity improvement, and cost reductions.
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management support information system
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This type of IS provides information primarily to support manager decision making.
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management information systems, decision support systems, executive information systems
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Three types of management support information systems are:
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management information system
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This type of MSIS is supported by TPS and are specialized and designed to support a particular area of the business.
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decision support system
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This type of MSIS provides information to help users make accurate decisions.
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executive information system
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This type of MSIS is intended to facilitate and support the information and decision making needs of senior executives by providing easy access to both internal and external information relevant to strategic goals of an organization.
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expert system
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This type of MSIS is a knowledge system built from a set of rules applied to specific problems.
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knowledge management system
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This type of MSIS supports the creation, organization, and dissemination of business or clinical knowledge and expertise to providers, employees and managers.
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knowledge management
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This type of system is usually composed of an electronic library or central repository of best practices that offers enhanced search capabilities.
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joint application development
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JAD stands for _____.
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joint application development
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This type of session is made up of a group of end users, system analysts, and technical development professionals who are brought together to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the current IS and propose functionalities for the new system.
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unified modeling language
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A graphical technique and an object-oriented modeling language that assists in the documentation of a software project by specifying, visualizing, modifying, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of a system under development.
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use case
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This documents the functions of a system from the user's point of view and is similar to a scenario or story that describes the functions of the system.
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cloud computing
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Application service providers are otherwise known as ____.
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turnkey
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Type of system where the healthcare institution purchases a complete system of hardware and software that was installed by the vendor and ready to implement.
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next system
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Evaluation doesn't really serve to improve the system being evaluated. It serves to Improve ___ that will be worked on.
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information architecture
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The art and science of organizing and labeling websites, intranets, online communities and software to support usability.
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supercomputers
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The fastest and highest capacity machines available and are used in large scale activities such as weather forecasting.
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mainframes
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Most hospitals use ____ to store payroll, personnel, billing, and accounting data (input/output intensive transactions.
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mainframes
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These were the only computers available until the late 1960s.
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minicomputers
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These support hundreds of connected users at the same time via terminals consisting of a keyboard and video screen.
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workstation
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A very powerful desktop computer used mainly by power users such as graphics specialists for multimedia production.
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microcomputers
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These are otherwise known a personal computers.
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analog
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These types of computers accept input in continuous analog signal form, and output is obtained in the form of scaled graphs, voltage, current, sound, speed, temperature.
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analog
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These types of computers have low memory size and fewer functions, are fast in processing, but output return is not very accurate.
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digital
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This type of computer runs on a binary system and quantities are counted rather than measured.
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digital
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These types of computers give accurate results, possess high speed data processing, store large amounts of data, are easy to program, and consume low energy.
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hybrid
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These computers contain both analog and digital components.
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raw facts
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The user supplies the input to an information system as:
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secondary storage devices
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Flash drive, hard disk drive, magnetic tape, optical disk drive and floppy disks are ____.
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system design
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What phase of the DLC creates the object model of the solution environment?
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actor
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_____ is the role the user plays in a system.
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fifth
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Natural programming language is a ____ generation programming language.
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first
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Machine programming language is a ____ generation programming language.
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transaction processing system
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A ______ manages the day to day operations of a business.
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database
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An organized collection of data is ______.
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relational
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A ____ database stores data in predefined tables consisting of rows and columns.
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SQL
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_____ allows a user to insert update, delete, and query data from a database.
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primary key
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A _____uniquely identifies each row in a table and ensures that it is unique.
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column
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The LAST_NAME column of the patients table is considered a:
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telecommunications
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________ is the term used to describe voice and data communications.
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networks
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__________ connect computers together in a way that allows for the sharing of information and resources.
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service
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A ______ is a task that runs on a server computer.
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server
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The ______ function of a computer allows access to its shared resources and services.
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LAN
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A(n) _________ is a network that connects computers in a relatively small area, such as a room or a building.
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WAN
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A(n) ___________ is a network that connects LANS or other networks together across a large geographical area.
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protocols
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Network computers use __________ to communicate using the same language.
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design
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The phase of the systems development life cycle that defines how the system will work is:
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bidding for the contract
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The RFP generally includes a detailed description of the system's requirements and provides guidelines for vendors to follow in:
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direct cutover
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The most common approaches to converting from an old information system to a new one are the parallel approach, the phased approach, and _____ approach.
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planning and analysis
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In which phase of the systems development cycle is the primary focus on examining the current system and problems in order to identify opportunities for improvement or enhancement of the system?
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implementation
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In which phase of the system development life cycle are trial runs of the new system conducted, backup and disater recover procedures developed, and training of end users conducted?
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request for proposal
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Which of the following generally includes a detailed description of the requirements for a new system and guidelines for vendors to follow in bidding for the contract?
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web browser
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The tool that allows the Internet user to search for and find information is called:
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TCP/IP
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Which of the following protocols is most closely associated with the Internet?
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machine
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This type of programming language consists of ones and zeros.
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assembly
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This type of programming language uses a standard set of abbreviations to replace some of the ones and zeros of machine language
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high level
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This type of programming language uses words and arithmetic phrases to construct programs (COBOL, BASIC)
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very high level
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This programming language includes report generators, query languages and application generators. Includes (SQL, report builder, and SPPS).
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natural
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This programming language allows users to speak in a more conversational way.
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operating system
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This consists of the master programs that manage the basic operations of the computer.
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BIOS
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This manages the essential peripherals such as the keyboard, screen disk drives, and parallel and serial ports.
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operating systems
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DOS, Unix, Windows, OS/2, and Macintosh are examples of ____.
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graphical user interface
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The _____ is currently the standard microcomputer interface.
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utility
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These programs are generally used to support, enhance, or expand existing programs in a computer system.
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utilities
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Backup processes, virus protection, data recovery are all _____.
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language translator
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Software that converts a program written by a programmer in a language (such as C++) into machine language, which the computer can understand.
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productivity
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This type of software is used in almost all businesses to assist with word processing, accounting, database management, graphics presentations, scheduling, e-mail, etc.
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specialty
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This type of software includes programs designed for a specific industry (e.g., health information management, encoders).
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education and reference
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This type of software includes encyclopedias, anatomy atlases, library searches.
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entertainment
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This type of software includes games and audio/video entertainment.
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object oriented
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This type of database stores discrete/ abstract things like graphics, movies, and audio.
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object relational
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This type of database combines relational and object oriented databases using traditional or advanced data types.
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SQL
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This is used to store and retrieve data in relational databases and gives the information system the ability to query and report on data and insert, update, and delete data from the database.
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relational
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This is the most popular database architectures used in healthcare.
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foreign key
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A column in one table that corresponds to a primary key in another table.
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data models
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These provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements; blueprint of the database and describe database entities/relationships.
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data dictionary
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This is essential in ensuring consistent definitions of what data names mean and making sure data are accurate.
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accurate data models
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Good database design relies heavily on the development of ______.
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integrity constraints
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These provide a way of ensuring that data are entered or updated in a database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data quality.
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integrity constraint
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This may include a specification of uniqueness for values of a column or validation for values of a column.
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referential integrity
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This ensures that there is consistency between tables that are linked in a relational database.
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personal DBMS
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This is used for small projects such as storing contact information. It should not be used for systems that require large amounts of storage and 24/7 access.
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server based DBMS
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This is run on a server computer or separate application from a personal system which allows system to run faster and more efficiently.
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server based DBMS
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Oracle, SQL Server, Sybase, and Informix are examples of _____.
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personal DBMS
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Microsoft Access is an example of ____.
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data warehouse
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This contains historical data that are derived from operation systems for the purpose of improved decision support through simple reporting and complicated analysis.
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data warehouse
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This consolidates and stores data from various databases throughout the enterprise and is designed to perform data analysis rather than support routine operations.
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data mining
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The process that identifies patterns and relationships by searching through large amounts of data.
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data mining
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In healthcare, this is used to identify methods for cutting healthcare costs, suggest more appropriate medical treatments, and predict medical outcomes.
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servers
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Computers that share resources such as printers or hard disk space across a network.
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services
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Tasks that a network server performs such as facilitating email, web, Internet, printer connections; providing database access; performing backups; providing network communication.
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lan, wan, wireless
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What are the three main types of network architectures?
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intranet
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A special form of a LAN is ______.
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intranet
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A specialized client/server network that uses Internet technologies that provides information within the organization.
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extranet
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This provides network connectivity between suppliers to allow direct connection to each other's network.
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Internet
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The largest public WAN is ____.
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physical topology
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How data flow through a network is referred to as _____.
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bus, star, ring, mesh
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What are the four different physical network topologies?
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bus
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Type of topology where each computer is connected to a common backbone or trunk through some kind of connector; signal from the source computer travels along the backbone in both directions to all machines.
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star
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Type of topology where each machine is connected to a central hub and all of the data has to pass through the hub which forwards data to the correct destination.
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ring
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Type of topology where each device is connected to the network is a closed loop; the signal passes through each machine in one direction.
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mesh
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Type of topology that allows for redundant routes for data transfer; each node is interconnected to all the other nodes.
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input
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When the IS takes in data, it is called ____.
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processes
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Once input is accepting into the IS, the IS ____ the input.
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processing
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This includes performing calculations, making comparisons, or selecting alternative actions.
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output
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After the IS processes the data, it produces meaningful ______ (report) which is usually used in making decisions.
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stores
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Once data is processed and output is produced, the IS _____ the data so that users can retrieve it.
