Health1000 Test 1 – Flashcards
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Psychological health encompasses which three dimensions of health?
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• Mental, emotional, social and spiritual
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What are some characteristics of a psychologically healthy person?
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1. Feel good about themselves 2. Feel comfortable with other people 3. Control tension and anxiety 4. Meet the demands of life 5. Curb hate and guilt 6. Maintain positive outlook 7. Value diversity 8. Appreciate and respect the world around them
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How might a mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam respond?
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• Think rationally about the situation, adapt to change, take responsibility
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What are some ways you can boost your self-esteem?
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• Change our self-talk, examine our reactions, and block negative thoughts
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What behaviors might someone with a low self-esteem display?
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• Give up and fail to take any action to help themselves, blaming problems on others
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What are some common signs of major depression (clinical depression)?
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• Sadness and despair • Loss of motivation or interest • Difficulty concentrating • Lost sex drive • Fatigue and loss of energy • Sleeping to much or too little • Feeling agitated, worthless, or hopeless • Withdrawal from family and friends • Significant weight loss or gain • Thoughts of suicide
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Name a health benefit that comes from laughter
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• Increases blood flow, boosts immune response, lowers blood sugar levels, and facilitates better sleep
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Why do many college students not seek help for depression?
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• Persistent stigma associated with going to a counselor
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Which mood disorder is a mild but chronic form of depression?
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• Dysthymic disorder - a type of depression that is milder and harder to recognize than; may appear to function well, but may lack energy, be short-tempered, and ornery (usually over 2 years or more time)
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What do panic attacks commonly lead to?
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• Heart attacks
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Someone who spends a good deal of time worrying, is easily fatigued, and often has difficulty concentrating is displaying symptoms of which anxiety disorder?
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• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
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Your friend has a persistent and unreasonable fear of spiders. These are symptoms of which anxiety disorder?
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phobia
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What does a person with a social phobia have a fear of?
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• Social situations; being humiliated, embarrassed, or even looked at
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Which mood disorder makes it difficult to relate to others?
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major depression
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What are some warning signs of suicide?
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• Recent loss and a seeming inability to let go of grief • A history of depression • Change in personality • Change in behavior • Sexual dysfunction • Expressions of self-hatred and excessive risk taking • Change in sleep patterns indirect statement like "you won't have to worry about me anymore" • Changes in personal appearance
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Name some suicide prevention techniques
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• Monitor the warning signs • Take threats seriously • Let the person know how much you care • Listen • Ask questions • Do not belittle the persons feelings • Help the person think about alternatives to suicide • Tell your friend's spouse, partner, parents, siblings or counselor
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A person who experiences flashbacks after a violent mugging is suffering from which anxiety disorder?
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• Post-traumatic stress disorder
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What behavior might a person with obsessive-compulsive disorder exhibit if they have an ongoing fixation on germs?
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wash their hands often
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Define a panic attack.
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• A form of acute anxiety reaction that brings on an intense physical reaction
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What is known as a state of ongoing worry that may cause restlessness, tension, and sleep disturbances?
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• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
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What is known as a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges?
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stress
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Name some examples of a stressor.
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• Failing grade on a test, meeting your significant others parents for the first time
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What type of events are most likely to cause eustress (positive stress)?
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• Getting married or wining a major competition
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What type of events are most likely to cause distress (negative stress)?
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• Financial problems, death of a loved one, academic difficulties
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You wake up in the middle of the night because you smell smoke. What response to stress did your body most likely experience?
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• Fight or flight response
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What is known as the physiological state in which all body systems are in balance and functioning normally?
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• homeostasis
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What is it called when the body attempts to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response?
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• Adaptive response
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Before your biology final, you experience abdominal pain and nausea, but these symptoms are not caused by a gastrointestinal virus. How might stress be contributing to these symptoms?
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acute stress
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Name some health issues that high amounts of stress can lead to.
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• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) • Weight gain • Alcohol dependence • Type 2 diabetes • Digestive problems • Increased risk of infections (impaired immunity)
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You see a counselor to discuss issues with your anxiety and depression a few months after moving to a new city for a job. What is the most likely source of your anxiety and depression?
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• Adjustment to change, career pressures, stressful environment
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What are some examples of conflict?
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• Go out to party or study • Get good grades or play on an all-star sports team
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College freshmen may face a variety of conflicts due to differences between their own values and beliefs and those of whom?
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• Parents and people who are very different from themselves
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If you are forced to choose between two or more competing desires, motives, behaviors, or impulses, which process are you experiencing?
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conflict
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What is the first step in managing stress?
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• Recognizing the signs of stress
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Taking steps to simplify one's life refers to what stress management strategy?
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• Downshifting (aka voluntary simplicity)
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According to research, what benefits result from laughter?
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• Elevate our mood, relieve stress, make us feel good, and help us improve our relationships
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What are some effective stress management techniques?
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• Learning coping skills; managing emotional responses, taking mental or physical action, developing a support network, cultivating spirituality, downshifting, learning time management, learning relaxation techniques
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How does exercise reduce stress?
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• raising levels of endorphins
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How does eating healthy foods help in managing stress?
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• Eating a balanced, healthy diet will help provide the stamina you need to get through problems and will stress-proof you
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What time management tips can help reduce stress?
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• Make a list of tasks, prioritize, and budget time to handle them.
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Define violence.
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• A set of behaviors that produces injuries, as well as the outcomes of these behaviors (the injuries themselves)
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Based on statistics about campus violence, do female students who are victims of rape usually know the perpetrator?
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yes
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How has a growing risk of violent incidents on college campuses caused colleges to respond?
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• Increase in campus security and student and faculty safety measures
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Why do campus law enforcement officers have more staff and increased authority to prosecute offenders?
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• Because campus police are responsible for emergency responses, and they have the power to enforce laws with students in the same way they are handled in the general community
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Are the vast majority of stalkers known by their victims?
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yes
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With recent reports of date rape drugs being used at campus parties, what should students do to protect themselves from being the victim of drug-facilitated crimes?
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• Never leave your drink unattended, never share/exchange drinks, if you leave your drink throw it away
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What are some examples of process addictions(a condition in which a person is dependent on some mood-altering behavior or process) ?
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• Gambling, compulsive buying, compulsive exercise, and compulsive internet or technology use
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What has occurred when a drug is used for a purpose other than that which it is intended?
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drug misuse
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A person with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, experiences both __________ and withdrawal.
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• Tolerance (when increased amounts of the drug are required to achieve the desired effect)
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What effect do psychoactive drugs have on chemical neurotransmission?
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• Enhancing it, suppressing it, or interfering with it
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Which substances are classified as recreational drugs(contain chemicals used to help people relax or socialize)?
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• Alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine products
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What are some signs of codependent behavior? According to research, what factors increase the risk of substance abuse among students?
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• Codependents find it hard to set healthy boundaries and often live in the chaotic, crisis-oriented mode that naturally occurs around addicts • Positive expectations, genetics and family history, substance use in high school, mental health problems, and sorority and fraternity membership
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According to research, what is a protective factor that can influence students to avoid drugs?
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• Parental attitudes and behavior, religion and spirituality, student engagement in the learning process and activities, college athletics, healthy social network of friends
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What are stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall commonly prescribed to treat?
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• Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
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What are some long-term effects of marijuana?
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• Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, testicular cancer, suppression of the immune system, blood pressure changes, and impaired memory function
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Name the type of drug that has the potential to alter a person's mood or behavior.
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• Psychoactive drugs
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Define drug abuse.
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• The excessive use of any drug
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Which illicit drug has the highest usage rate among college students?
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• Marijuana
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What percentage of college students report having consumed alcoholic beverages in the past 30 days?
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62%
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For the typical adult, how is binge drinking defined for both males and females?
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• Men: 5 or more drinks • Women: 4 or more drinks
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When a person eats food while consuming alcohol, what does this do?
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• Alcohol takes longer to absorb if there is food in your stomach because the surface area exposed to alcohol is smaller and a full stomach retards the emptying of alcoholic beverages into the small intestine (slows the absorption of alcohol)
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What is the percentage of alcohol in 80 proof whiskey?
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• 40% alcohol
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Which organ is the main site of alcohol metabolism?
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liver
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What are different factors that affect alcohol absorption?
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• The alcohol concentration in your drink, the amount of alcohol you consume, the amount of food in your stomach, pylorospasm (spasm of the pyloric valve in the digestive system), your metabolism, weight and body mass index, and your mood
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Are carbonated alcoholic beverages or noncarbonated beverages absorbed more rapidly?
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• Carbonated
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One standard drink is equivalent to how many ounces of beer, wine, and 80-proof liquor?
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• Beer: 12oz • Wine: 5oz • 80-proof liquor: 1.5oz
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How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers?
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4 hours (1 drink per hour)
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What has been associated with drinking games, as a result of drinking large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time?
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• death from alcohol poisoning
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After a night of heavy drinking, it is evident that John's friends are intoxicated, however John still appears sober. What has John most likely developed?
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• Learned behavior tolerance
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What are the different characteristics of alcohol poisoning?
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• an inability to be awakened. a weak, rapid pulse. unusual or irregular breathing.
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Why are the effects of alcohol different for men and women?
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• Women suffer the consequences of alcoholism more profoundly and become addicted faster with less alcohol use
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If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?
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• Set a drinking goal, pace yourself, eat and drink water in between
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What is blood alcohol concentration (BAC)?
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• The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume
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A driver is considered to be impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of what?
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• 0.08
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Why is it dangerous to mix alcohol with energy drinks?
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• Decreases noticing the signs of intoxication, delays the onset of normal sleepiness, increasing the amount of time a person would normally stay awake and drink, reduces the subjective feeling of drunkenness without actually reducing alcohol-related impairment
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Tobacco is known to cause approximately how many diseases?
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20
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What is nicotine and what effect does it have on the body?
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• Nicotine is the major psychoactive stimulant chemical in tobacco products. • It produces an aroused, alert mental state, stimulates adrenal glands heart rate and reparations, constricts blood vessels, and increases blood pressure
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Why is smokeless tobacco not a safe alternative for cigarettes?
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• It is just as addictive as cigarettes and contains more nicotine and can cause damage to both the teeth and jawbone
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What decreases within 24 hours of quitting smoking?
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• Chance of heart attack
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What substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant?
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nicotine
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Why are college students susceptible to alcohol-related problems, and what steps can be taken to reduce the risk of having these problems?
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• Independence from parents, coping with stress, boredom, anxiety, or pressure created by academic and social demands • Programs that use motivational interviewing (a nonjudgement approach) to change behavior, e-interventions, and web based education on alcohol effects
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What treatment options are available for someone who has a drinking problem?
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• Private treatment facilities and therapy • AA (alcoholics anonymous) support group
