Health Science 1 Final (Based on Study Guide)
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Gross anatomy is often referred to as ______________ anatomy.
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Macroscopic
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Rbc is the abbreviation for what?
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Red blood cells
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The three basic parts of a medical term are the _______, ________, and ________.
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root, prefix, sufix
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The mathematical language of anatomy and physiology
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metric
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After the physician has assessed several signs and symptoms, he or she will be able to make an initial ______________.
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diagnosis
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The chemical operations occurring within the body that are necessary for conversion of nutrients are known collectively as ____________.
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metabolism
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The adjustments that maintain a stable environment within the body are known as _________.
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homeostasis
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The phase of metabolism in which the breaking down of nutrients occurs is called ___________.
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catabolism
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The sufix -algia means what?
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pain
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What is the abbreviation for a stroke? What do the letters stand for?
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CVA, cerebrovascular accident
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To avoid getting an infection, your first line of defense is your ________.
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skin
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The study of the transmission of, frequency of occurrence, distribution, and control of a disease is called ________________.
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epidemiology
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Inflammation of the liver
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hepatitis
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A salesperson that shakes many clients' hands during the course of the day has a higher risk of __________ transmission of diseases.
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contact
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Known as the "viscous cycle"; in most cases, this is harmful if the cycle cannot be broken, sometimes it is necessary for a process to run to completion
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positive feedback loop
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knowing the exact body region can help a physician determine the __________.
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diagnosis
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a body in the prone position is facing _________.
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downward
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Directional terms are used as _________ _________ within the body.
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reference points
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This plane divides the body into left and right parts
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midsagittal
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What direction term would you use to indicate the wrist if the elbow was your point of reference?
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distal
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The heart and lungs are located in the _________ cavity.
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thoracic
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The space within the mouth is known as the _________ cavity.
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oral
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The term that means "shortness of breath"
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orthopnea
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The supine position describes the body facing _______.
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upward
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Because humans stand and move upright, the term "dorsal" can be used in the place of which term?
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posterior
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The liver is found in which quadrant and region of the body?
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RUQ, epigastric
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The ________ vertebrae are located in the neck.
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cervical
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cyanosis is the condition of your skin turning __________.
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blue
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The large, dome-shaped muscle called the diaphragm is used for _____________.
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breathing
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Cells that are arranged in several layers are called ________________ cells.
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stratified
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The lining of the urinary bladder is composed of the __________________ epithelial cells.
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transitional
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The __________ membrane is the main organ of the integumentary system.
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cutaneous
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An example of a synovial joint would be the _________ joint in the leg
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knee
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The movement of food is a function of _________ muscle.
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involuntary
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Balance and equilibrium are the responsibility of the sensory organ known as the ___________.
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ear
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Maintaining the proper acid-base balance of the blood is carried out by this body system.
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respiratory
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The principal cell nutrient in the body is ____________.
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glucose
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A person who takes laxatives, binge eats, or purges has a condition called ___________.
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bulemia
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A patient who has difficulty conceiving most likely has problems with what system of the body?
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reproductive
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One of the functions of the endocrine system is to help you deal with stresses produced by _________.
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trauma
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The term tachypnea means "_________ __________".
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fast breathing
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The body's largest organ is the __________.
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skin
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This type of muscle tissue found in the stomach.
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smooth
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The salivary gland is not a part of the endocrine system, but its a part of what system?
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digestive
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The primary organ of the digestive system
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small intestine
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Which kind of tissue provides rapid communication between various parts of the body?
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nervous
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The most common form of tissue found throughout the body is the ___________ tissue.
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connective
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List three ways meningitis can be spread.
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airborne, droplets, contact
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A patient with septicemia, if not quickly and effectively treated, can die from _________________.
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multi-system failure
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Which mineral is included in the composition of bone?
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calcium
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Since a diabetic does not produce enough insulin to allow glucose in the body's cells, the body will start eating fats first followed by what?
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protein or muscle
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_______ bones are cube shaped in appearance.
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short
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The ends of long bones are called the _____________.
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epiphysis
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Bones receive oxygen from nutrients from blood vessels passing through ____________, also known as Haversion canals,
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osteons
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a groove or shallow depression in the surface of the bone
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fossa
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mature bone cell
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osteocyte
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Compact bone is created over the surface of spongy bone by __________. (type of cell)
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osteoblasts
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This type of cartilage is a type of connective tissue that forms a cap on the ends of long bones.
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hyaline or articulating
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The joints of the hips and shoulders are examples of ____________________ joints.
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ball and socket
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The movement classification used when you turn the sole of your foot toward the other foot
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inversion
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The spinal column and bones of the middle ear are part of the _________ skeleton.
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axial
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This bone disease is a degenerative disorder, characterized by thinning bones
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osteoporosis
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Lordosis is an ________ curvature of the lower back and is commonly called __________.
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inward, swayback
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A bone fracture in your arm would be a part of the ___________ skeleton.
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apendicular
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Refers the the shaft of the long bone
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diaphysis
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the strong fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone
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periosteum
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How many pairs of true ribs do we own?
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7
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Muscle cells are made up of __________.
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myofibrils
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the myofilaments used during muscle contractions will return to their resting state when the _________ relaxes.
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sarcomere
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When the nervous system signals a muscle to contract, the ________ ion channels open
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sodium
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Bone growth will continue as long as the __________ plate exists, also referred to as the "growth plate".
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epiphyseal
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Skeletal muscles produce body movement as well as maintain our ___________ when we sit.
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posture
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Striated muscle, which appears to have stripes, are in what type of muscle?
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voluntary
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Blood is pumped through the heart by which type of muscle?
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cardiac
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The part of the muscle that attaches to the bone that is stationary is called the ___________.
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origin
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Rotation occurs when there is spinning around an _________.
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axis
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Duchenne muscular distrophy is a _________ defect in muscle protein.
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genetic
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The bacteria Clostridium tetani releases a toxin that will cause ___________.
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lock jaw
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Atrophy means that muscles _____________.
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weardown
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Another name for voluntary muscle is _________ muscle.
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striated
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strength training causes __________.
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hypertrophy
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The triceps brachii and the biceps branchii are _______________ of each other.
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antagonists
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Intercalated disks are found in __________ muscle.
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cardiac
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What kind of training results in a slower discharge rate due to increase of parasympathetic tone?
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endurance
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The opposite of flexion
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extension
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The "P" in PRICE stands for what?
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protection
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What is the layer of skin that we can see?
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epidermis
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An excess of this will cause your skin to appear jaundice.
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bilirubin
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The skin is attached to the muscles of the body by the ____________ layer.
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subcutaneous
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this term refers to "within the skin"
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intracutaneous
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the integumentary system plays an important role in regulating the body's ____________.
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temperature
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What layer of tissue do 4th degree burns reach?
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bone
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Pubic lice are often called __________.
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crabs
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Plantar warts are found on the _________.
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foot
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The skin tans in response to sunlight because of the release of ___________.
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melanin
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An eruption of painful vesicles that occur in a band-like pattern along the course of a spinal nerve pathway
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herpes
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The layer of epithelial tissue under the fingernail, actually a part of the epidermis
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nailbed
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this type of gland secretes oil for the skin and hair.
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sebaceous
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Which one is not a type of arthritis: septic, osteo, cruciate, or rheumatoid?
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cruciate
