question

Violence

answer

: a set of behaviors produces injuries, as well as the outcomes of these behaviors (the injuries themselves)

question

intentional injuries:

answer

injury, death, or psychological harm caused by violence with the intent to harm. o Assaults, homicides, self inflected injuries and suicides.

question

Unintentional injuries

answer

injury, death, or psychological harm caused unintentionally, often as a result of circumstances. o Motor vehicle crashes, fires, drownings.

question

motor vehicle crashes are the number one cause of death among ___-____ year olds.

answer

15-24

question

_____ and suicide are the second and third leading cause of death for 15-24 year olds.

answer

homicide

question

what are the 4 offenses of violent crimes?

answer

Murder and nonegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.

question

93% of crimes against college students occur where?

answer

off campus location

question

___________ violence is one of the most prevalent problems on college campuses.

answer

Relationship

question

true or false: 20-25% of college women will be raped or sexually assaulted before the graduate

answer

TRUE (95% of these women will never report these crimes)

question

poverty

answer

children raised in lower income homes have higher rates of violence than those in higher income homes

question

unemployment

answer

: can increase rates and severity of violence

question

parental influence

answer

children raised with shouting, hitting, emotional abuse, antisocial behavior, are more common to act out as adults

question

cultural beliefs

answer

cultures that objectify women and empower men tend to have higher rates of violence in the home

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primary aggression:

answer

goal directed, hostile seld-assertion that is destructive in character

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reactive aggression:

answer

hostile emotional reaction brought about by frustrating life experiences

question

substance abuse

answer

• Consumption of alcohol or perpetrators of the crime, victim, or both immediately precedes over half of violent crimes including murder.

question

true or false: Numbers of suicides attempts and contemplations are highly relation to drug and alcohol intake.

answer

true

question

homicide

answer

defined as murder of nonnegligent manslaughter (killing of another human)

question

homicide is the _____ leading cause of death in the U.S

answer

15th

question

homicide is the ________ leading cause of death from 15-24 year olds

answer

second

question

Over _____ of all homicides occur among people who know one another

answer

1/2 (2/3 of these are friends or acquaintances and 1/3 belong to the same family)

question

hate crime

answer

a crime targeted against a particular societal group and motivated by bias against that group. o Motivated by race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity

question

On average, each year in the U.S _______ people are shot. o Over 31,000 of them die

answer

100,000

question

Bias related crime

answer

sometimes referred to as ethno violence, which describes violence among ethnic groups in the larger society that is based on prejudice and discrimination

question

prejudice

answer

irrational attitude of hostility directed toward an individual, a group, race

question

discrimination

answer

actions that deny equal treatment or opportunities to a group based on prejudice.

question

4 reasons to explain bias related and hate crimes are:

answer

1. Thrill seeking 2. Feel threatened 3. Retaliating 4. Fearing the unknown or differences.

question

Who has the fastest growing risks for these crimes?

answer

schools

question

over 12% of all bias related and hate related crimes occur where?

answer

college campuses

question

Drug trafficking, sex trafficking, shootings, beatings, thefts, carjackings, and the killing of innocent victims are all associated with what?

answer

gang violence

question

what is typical age range for gangs?

answer

12-22

question

risk factors for gang violence

answer

: low socioeconomic status, alienation from family and society, history of family violence, living in gang controlled neighborhoods

question

terrorism

answer

the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment of, in furtherance of political or social objectives.

question

Who monitors potential health problems like bioterrorism, chemical emergencies, mass causalities, national disasters and severe weather?

answer

the CDC

question

domestic violence=

answer

the use of force to control and maintain power over another person in the home environment, involving both actual harm and the threat of harm.

question

domestic violence can involve what kinds of abuse?

answer

emotional and physical

question

Intimate partner violence= Who is more likely to be the victim?

answer

Occurs between 2 people in an intimate relationship (current and former spouses and dating partners Women

question

who developed the "theory of violence"?

answer

Lenore Walker

question

what did the Theory of Violence explain?

answer

explained predictable, repetitive patterns or psychological and or physical abuse that seemed to occur in abusive relationship.

question

What are the three phases of the Theory of Violence?

answer

1. tension building 2. Incident of Acute Battering 3. Remorse/reconciliation

question

Explain the tension building stage

answer

occurs prior to the overly abusive, act and includes breakdowns in communication, anger, psychological aggression and violence language, growing tensions and fear.

question

Explain the Incident of Acute Battering Stage:

answer

batterer trying to "teach her a lesson". And then when he feels he has inflicted enough pain, he'll stop. (he may respond with shock or denial after it is over)

question

Explain the Remorse/Reconciliation stage:

answer

"honeymoon" period. Batterer may be loving, kind, apologetic, swearing he will change etc.

question

alcohol abuse and marital dissatisfaction can be causes of ___________ violence

answer

domestic

question

child maltreatment=

answer

Defined as any act or series of acts of commission, or omission by a parent or caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child.

question

Child Abuse=

answer

Deliberate or intentional words or actions that cause harm, potential harm, or threat of harm to a child. o May be sexual, psychological, physical, or any combination of these.

question

Neglect:

answer

act of omission. Failure to provide for a child's basic needs, such as food, shelter, medical care and clothing. • Most common perpetrators in general child maltreatment cases are biological parents.

question

Sexual Victimization-

answer

refers to any situation in which an individual is coerced or forced to comply with or endure another's sexual acts or overtures.

question

60% of female victims of sexual violence and 69% of male victims were first raped before the age of _____

answer

18

question

sexaul assault

answer

any act in which one person is sexually intimate with another person without that person's consent. o Touching, forceful penetration,

question

Rape

answer

sexual penetration without the victim's consent

question

Aggravated Rape:

answer

rape that involves one or multiple attackers, strangers, weapons, or physical beating.

question

Simple Rape:

answer

rape by one person, usually known to the victim, that does not involve a physical beating or use of a weapon.

question

Acquaintance Rape:

answer

any rape in which the rapist is known to the victim. A term that replaces the term date rape. o More common when drugs and alcohol have been consumed by the offender or victim. o Most happen to women aged 15-24 years

question

84% of sexual assaults that occur on college campuses are _________ rapes.

answer

acquantaince

question

In 1992 Congress passed the Campus Sexual Assault Victim's Bill of Rights, known as ________ _____.

answer

Ramstad Act

question

What does the Ramstad Act do?

answer

• This gives victims the right to call in off-campus authorities to investigate serious campus crimes. • Also requires universities to set up educational programs to notify students of available counseling.

question

what is marital rape:

answer

• Unwanted intercourse or penetration (vagina, anal, oral)

question

Marital Rape did not become a crime until what year?

answer

1993

question

How many states allow exemptions from marital rape? (take it as a lesser crime)

answer

33

question

Who is at a higher risk for marital rape?

answer

women under 25, lower socioeconomic groups,

question

Child sexual abuse=

answer

nappropriate kissing, petting, oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse

question

are girls or boys more at risk for child sexual abuse?

answer

girls

question

_____% of child sexual abuse is by someone they know; ____% are abused by family members. (usually an adult male)

answer

90; 70

question

sexual harassment:

answer

Any form of unwanted sexual attention related to any condition of employment or performance evaluation.

question

____% of college students who have experienced sexual harassment reported being harassed by another student or former student.

answer

80

question

stalking

answer

• The willfull, repeated, and malicious following, harassing or threatening of another person. o Repeated visual or physical proximity, noncensual verbal or written communication

question

5 reasons for stalking

answer

o 1. Deficits in social skills o 2. Young and don't know how to deal with social relationships o 3. May not realize it o 4. Flexible schedule and free time o 5. Not accountable to authority figures for their daily activities.

question

Social Contributers to sexual violence

answer

• Minimization • Trivialization • Blaming the victim • Pressure to be macho • Male socialization • Male misperceptions • Situational factors

question

true or false:Research has shown people respond more to "fire!" than a scream when you are in need of help

answer

true

question

Motor vehicle accidents account for most unintentional injury deaths and are a leading cause of death for young adults ____ -____

answer

15-44

question

Impaired Driving:

answer

driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs

question

Distracted Driving:

answer

driving while performing any nondriving activity that has the potential to distract someone from the primary task of driving and increase the risk of crashing.

question

3 types of distracted driving:

answer

visual, manual, cognitive

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