Though not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, the right to privacy has been at the forefront of many Supreme Court cases over the last several decades. Connecticut’s statue banning contraceptive usage, not matter how obtained, set the stage for the 1965 Supreme Court ruling detailing and expanding the rights of privacy, especially between married persons. The 1879 Connecticut statue forbade not only the use of any contraceptive, but also restricted the passage of information or assisting anyone seeking contraceptives. Estelle T.
Griswold and C.Lee Buxton, Executive Director and Medical Director of the Planned Parenthood League of Connecticut respectively, were convicted for providing information, instruction and access to contraceptives. The key issue was that the couple in question was in fact a married couple, and seen in the office together. Griswold and Buxton appealed the convic
...tion, and the Supreme Court heard the case in March of 1965. The case questioned a state’s right to interfere with the private decisions of a married couple, and whether or not the Constitution provides for these rights in the first place.The Supreme Court overturned the convictions, citing the First, Third, Fourth, and Ninth Amendments, and clearly defining the enumerated rights these amendments established.
Justice William Douglas’ opinion noted that the two appellants maintained a professional relationship with the married couple, and charged that the conviction was in conflict with the Due Process Clause, as well as the basic right to privacy. Douglas compared Griswold to other cases previously decided by the Supreme Court, including Pierce v.Society of Sisters, Lochner v. New York, and several others. Douglas stated, “We deal with a right to privacy older than the Bill of Rights—older
than our political parties, older than our school system.
Marriage is a coming together for better or worse, hopefully enduring, and intimate to the degree of being sacred. It is an association that promotes a way of life, not causes; a harmony in living, not political faiths; a bilateral loyalty, not commercial or social projects.Yet it is an association for as noble a purpose as any involved in our prior decisions. ” (citation) Douglas went so far as to question whether or not the police should raid marital bedrooms for evidence of such illegal contraceptive devices, if such a thing should remain illegal. Justice Arthur Goldberg concurred with Douglas, stating, “I agree with the Court that Connecticut’s birth control law unconstitutionally intrudes upon the right of marital privacy, and I join in its opinion and judgment.
Goldberg, along with the Chief Justice Warren and Justice William Brennan cited marital privacy within the penumbra of guaranteed rights enumerated by the Ninth Amendment. (citation) The final vote was seven to two, with Justice Hugo Black and Justice Potter Stewart filing dissents. Justice Black argued that the right to privacy is not found within the Constitution, and therfore does not exist. Justice Stewart referred to the Connecticut law as “uncommon and silly, but not unconstitutional.
The Connecticut law was a serious invasion of a person’s right to sexual activity, and the right to prevent pregnancy.This gross and direct interference with a women's right to engage in safe sexual activity was a distinct and profound invasion by the state, which had no right in the first place. The right to procreate is as fundamental and personal as any right
can be, yet the state felt the authority to regulate those decisions rested within its scope of powers. The Supreme Court overturned this decision, rightfully so, and made substantial grounds for the rights not only of married couples, but women in general.
With Griswold, the Connecticut statue was determined to be in direct violation of the Due Process Clause, insofar as guaranteeing certain “inalienable” rights. Justice Douglas’ opinion stated that even though marital privacy was not specifically listed, it was in fact an implied right; based on respect for the sanctity of marriage and personal privacy. Furthermore, since the Supreme Court determined the right to privacy to be a fundamental right covered by the Ninth Amendment, it is one that the Court has an implicit duty to protect. www.
oyez. net www. aclu. org
- Business Law essays
- Contract essays
- Consumer Protection essays
- Property essays
- Ownership essays
- Agreement essays
- Common Law essays
- Contract Law essays
- Justice essays
- Security essays
- Tort Law essays
- United States Constitution essays
- Crime essays
- Lawsuit essays
- Treaty essays
- Family Law essays
- Marijuana Legalization essays
- Constitution essays
- War on Drugs essays
- Court essays
- Jury essays
- Police essays
- Protection essays
- Community Policing essays
- Criminal Law essays
- Judge essays
- Lawyer essays
- Employment Law essays
- Copyright Infringement essays
- Injustice essays
- Intellectual Property essays
- Breach Of Contract essays
- Jurisprudence essays
- Social Injustice essays
- Juvenile Justice essays
- Internet Privacy essays
- Cyber Security essays
- Bill Of Rights essays
- Civil Liberties essays
- First Amendment To The United States Constitution essays
- Fourth Amendment To The United States Constitution essays
- Second amendment essays
- Animal Cruelty essays
- Law Enforcement essays
- Juvenile Justice System essays
- Surveillance essays
- Forensic Science essays
- Crime Prevention essays
- Criminal Justice essays
- Criminology essays