Flashcards on GOVT 2306-Chapter 1-Lehmann
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What percentage of Texans live in urban areas today?
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85% of Texans live in urban areas.
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Are there more Texans under 18 or over 65?
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There are more Texans under 18 years old (26.8%) and (10.9%) over 65.
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Which party dominates Texas today?
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Republican.
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What is political culture?
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Political culture-broadly shared values, beliefs and attributes about how the government should function & politically operate.
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Who came up with the theory of political culture discussed in the book?
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Daniel Elazar.
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What are the characteristics of the moralistic culture and where did it originate?
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Politics are the concern of everyone and government is expected to promote the public good and advance public welfare. It originated in New England.
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What are the characteristics of the individualistic culture and where did it originate?
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It places a low value on citizen participation and originated in the middle states.
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What are the characteristics of the traditionalistic culture and where did it originate?
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It originated with a social hierarchy and originated in the South.
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What three patterns indicate Texas' "traditionalistic individualistic" state political culture?
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1) Taxes are kept low. 2) Social services are kept low. 3) Political elite have a major voice.
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Which party dominated Texas politics for over 100 years?
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Democratic Party.
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What is provincialism?
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It's a narrow view of the world.
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Have labor unions or businesses traditionally dominated Texas' government?
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No.
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What is "creative destruction"?
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Capitalism was an economic system that underwent periodic waves of transformation fueled by technological innovations in production and distribution.
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How many great waves of technological change have helped define and redefine Texas' political economy over the last 150 years?
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Three.
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What crop fueled Texas' economy from before the Civil War to the 1880s?
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Cotton.
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What is a sharecropper?
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Sharecropping was when a farmer grew crops on land that he did not own in exchange for money and supplies.
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When did cattle ranching become a big business in Texas?
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1830's.
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Are there more or less farmers and ranchers today than in the 40s and why?
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Less because Texas moved on to mineral deposits because there was a growing demand for petroleum.
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What percentage of Texans currently lives on farms and ranches?
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Less than 2%.
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What and where was Spindletop?
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It was the first big boom in oil and was located three miles south of Beaumont.
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How did the oil and gas industry transform Texas' social and economic fabric?
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It provided cheap oil and gas for an industrial revolution. We moved away from steam and coil.
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How did the oil and gas industry impact Texas' higher education funding?
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Oil was found on the University land so overnight they became wealthy and were able to fund all education.
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Roughly how much was the Permanent University Fund worth in 2012?
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$15 billion.
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What happened to the Texas economy when the price of oil fell in the mid-1980s?
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Recession.
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What industries led the 1990s recovery?
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Hi-tech, computer technology.
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What two Texas metropolitan areas are the centers of most of this high tech industry?
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Austin & Dallas.
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What is NAFTA and in what year was it signed?
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North America Free Trade Agreement, which means no customs between Canada, Mexico and US. It was signed in 1992.
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Are Anglos a bigger or smaller percentage of Texas' people now than in the past and why?
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Anglos are a smaller percentage because there has been a vast migration of white people that hold different values.
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How are modern Anglos politically and economically different from Anglos of the past?
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Old Texans were farmers and voted Democratic. Now they live in suburbia and vote Republican.
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How many Lations were living in Texas in 2013?
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9.97 million.
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What is a poll tax?
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It is a tax that is paid to vote to keep poor people from voting.
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What areas of Texas have the highest African American population?
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East Texas due to sharecropping.
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What was the significance of the Court decision in Smith v. Allwright?
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Outlawed white primary.
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Is the population of Texas generally younger or older than the rest of the nation?
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Younger compared to the nation.
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Are Texans generally richer or poorer than the average American?
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Poorer because the young are poor.
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What percentage of Texans lived in urban areas by the first decade of the 21st Century.
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85%.
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What was Stephen F. Austin's role in the development of Texas?
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They were offered land to populate the region.
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Who founded Houston
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The Allen Brothers.
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Are Dallas and Fort Worth very different or very similar and how?
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They are different because it is where the west begins for Texas. The west is white collared Texans.
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The economy of San Antonio rests on what legs?
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National military base, educational institutions, tourism and a large medical research complex.
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Do Texan's live in rural or urban cities mostly?
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Urban
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When in Texas History did cattle become big business?
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Immediately after the Civil War.
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Austin-San Marcos is popular for producing what?
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Computer chips and personal computers.
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How many Texans are there?
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25 million.
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Name 3 of the top 10 biggest cities in America?
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1) Houston 2) Dallas-Fort Worth 3) San Antonio
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How many counties are there in Texas?
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254.
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What are the top 5 counties in Texas?
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1) Harris 2) Dallas 3) Tarrant 4) Bexar 5) Travis
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How many Texans live in the Texas Triangle?
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80%
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Does Texas have a state income tax?
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No.
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Is Texas a right to work state?
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Yes.
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What year did Anglos first enter Texas?
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1823
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What did Texans have to do to be part of Mexico?
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1) Be good Mexican citizens. 2) Catholic 3) No slaves.
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What year did Santa Anna march on Texas?
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1835
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When was the Texas declaration of independence signed?
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March 2, 1836
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Who was Texas' first president?
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Sam Houston
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Who was Texas' second president?
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Mirabeau Limar
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When did Texas become a state?
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1845 (28th state)
