GLY 1102 Topic 4
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Marine vertebrate fossils are Mesozoic sedimentary rocks include __. They were nektonic (free swimming) and had a global distribution
answer
All of these (turtles, fish, plesioaurs, mosasaurs)
question
Correlation of ancient or fossil tracks, trails, and burrows with those in modern environments have allowed scientists to use these trace fossils to interpret such ancient environmental factors as diverse as water and sediment oxygen levels
answer
True
question
__ are essentially little waves of sand that develop on a depositional surface
answer
Ripple marks
question
__ is a clay formed by the alteration of volcanic ash
answer
Bentonite
question
Iron can cause green, purple, and black color in rocks
answer
True
question
Sediments accumulating in an aquatic environment, low in oxygen content, are usually this color
answer
Dark gray or black
question
__ are finely-bedded sedimentary rocks (usually claystone to siltstones) often alternating between carbon-rich and carbon-poor beds
answer
Varves
question
Eolian sediments are usually composed of
answer
Sand
question
__ refers to the accumulation of deposits that exhibits specific characteristics, reflecting a specific environment, and grading into other sedimentary accumulations formed at the same time but with different characteristics
answer
A Sedimentary facies
question
__ beds are usually mixed or contorted in some manner. They indicate proximity to unstable sediment sources or disturbances by earthquakes and volcanoes
answer
Disturbed
question
Dinosaur remains are generally found in __ rocks
answer
Sedimentary
question
__ are sub-polygonal shrinkage cracks produced by the dying of clay-rich sediment
answer
Mud cracks
question
When particles in a sedimentary bed change from coarse at the bottom to fine at the top, bedding is defined as __
answer
Graded
question
__ sediments are usually fine-grained and converted into shales and siltstones, sandstones, and coal
answer
Deltac
question
Hematite can produce sediment shades of yellow and brown
answer
False
question
__ occur where there is an even back-and-forth motion of water or air, as offshore just outside the surf zone
answer
Oscillation ripples
question
Invertebrate fossils are less common from the marine realm than from the terrestrial environments
answer
False
question
Sedimentary rocks formed in __ environments have produced the greatest number of dinosaur remains
answer
fluvial or river
question
Leaf characteristics of fossilized plants are very indicative of
answer
All of these (temperature range, rainfall amounts, climate zones)
question
__ occur on the base (usually a siltstone or sandstone) and represent a filling of groove, track, or depression of the underlying bed
answer
Sole marks
question
The colors of sedimentary rocks are reflections of the climate and environments they form in and the composition of the sediments within them
answer
True
question
Tracks and trails of organisms can be preserved in sediment and are considered a type of __
answer
Trace fossil
question
Dinosaur remains are rarely found in __ sedimentary rocks
answer
Eolian
question
__ are large bodies of sediment deposited where streams or rivers empty into lakes or the sea
answer
Deltas
question
Current ripples are symmetrical with gentle slopes in the upwind or upstream direction and steeper downwind or downstream slopes
answer
False
question
Spores and pollen can be found in the fossil excrement of dinosaurs (called coprolites)
answer
True
question
Sedimentary rocks rich in volcanic ash tend to have light greenish to blueish-green hues
answer
True
question
Which of the following can provide information about the environment sediments were deposited in
answer
All of these (sedimentary structures, fossils within the sediment, grain size and characteristics , sediment lithology or type)
question
__ describes beds at an inclination to the horizon
answer
Cross-bedding
question
Microscopic fossils of algal plants and protozoans can be used to estimate parameter(s) such as
answer
All of these (water clarity, water depth, ocean salinity, sea surface temperatures)
