GLY 1102 Topic 4
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Iron can cause green, purple, and black color in rocks
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True
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Sediments accumulating in an aquatic environment, low in oxygen content, are usually this color
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Dark gray or black
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__ are finely-bedded sedimentary rocks (usually claystone to siltstones) often alternating between carbon-rich and carbon-poor beds
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Varves
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Eolian sediments are usually composed of
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Sand
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__ refers to the accumulation of deposits that exhibits specific characteristics, reflecting a specific environment, and grading into other sedimentary accumulations formed at the same time but with different characteristics
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A Sedimentary facies
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__ beds are usually mixed or contorted in some manner. They indicate proximity to unstable sediment sources or disturbances by earthquakes and volcanoes
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Disturbed
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Dinosaur remains are generally found in __ rocks
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Sedimentary
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__ are sub-polygonal shrinkage cracks produced by the dying of clay-rich sediment
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Mud cracks
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When particles in a sedimentary bed change from coarse at the bottom to fine at the top, bedding is defined as __
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Graded
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__ sediments are usually fine-grained and converted into shales and siltstones, sandstones, and coal
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Deltac
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Hematite can produce sediment shades of yellow and brown
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False
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__ occur where there is an even back-and-forth motion of water or air, as offshore just outside the surf zone
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Oscillation ripples
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Invertebrate fossils are less common from the marine realm than from the terrestrial environments
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False
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Sedimentary rocks formed in __ environments have produced the greatest number of dinosaur remains
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fluvial or river
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Leaf characteristics of fossilized plants are very indicative of
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All of these (temperature range, rainfall amounts, climate zones)
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__ occur on the base (usually a siltstone or sandstone) and represent a filling of groove, track, or depression of the underlying bed
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Sole marks
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The colors of sedimentary rocks are reflections of the climate and environments they form in and the composition of the sediments within them
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True
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Tracks and trails of organisms can be preserved in sediment and are considered a type of __
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Trace fossil
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Dinosaur remains are rarely found in __ sedimentary rocks
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Eolian
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__ are large bodies of sediment deposited where streams or rivers empty into lakes or the sea
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Deltas
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Current ripples are symmetrical with gentle slopes in the upwind or upstream direction and steeper downwind or downstream slopes
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False
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Spores and pollen can be found in the fossil excrement of dinosaurs (called coprolites)
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True
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Sedimentary rocks rich in volcanic ash tend to have light greenish to blueish-green hues
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True
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Which of the following can provide information about the environment sediments were deposited in
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All of these (sedimentary structures, fossils within the sediment, grain size and characteristics , sediment lithology or type)
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__ describes beds at an inclination to the horizon
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Cross-bedding
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Microscopic fossils of algal plants and protozoans can be used to estimate parameter(s) such as
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All of these (water clarity, water depth, ocean salinity, sea surface temperatures)
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