GLG 108 – Flashcards
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Earth has never been as hot as predicted in forecasts of Global Warming? (True/False)
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False
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Which of the following Natural Processes do NOT influence Earth's Climate?
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none of the above
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Atmospheric CO2 concentration as measured at Mauna Loa, HI (belo) is a good estimate of the global average. (True/False)
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True
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Which of the following Natural Processes could play a role in observed warming since 1900?
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c. Variations in solar energy
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We have discussed both Forcings and Feedbacks in the Earths Climate System. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is:
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C. Both a forcing and a feedback
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Which of the following are weaknesses in models used to predict future climate change?
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Cloud physics, land-atmosphere interactions, biology
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What do available data tell us about annual vs. decadal variations in mean global temperature?
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You can't judge based on any 10- year period
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Which of the following are the main concerns regard gin global climate change:
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environmental destructions
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Which valley community is like the most susceptible to climate change
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Bangladesh
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What is natural capital?
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Natural resources and services
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What causes the depletion of oxygen in polluted waters?
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enrichment in Nitrogen causes an algal bloom and the algae consumes all the oxygen.
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Air pollution in LA in the 1950's and 60's was as bad as anywhere in the world today- what was the most important step in reducing air pollution:
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-The clean air act -Regulating vehicle emissions
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Why is it so important that a liquid is a major constituent of life forms?
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-Begins are mostly water/liquid -It is easy to keep a liquid contained
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On a typical day about 20% of a person's water loss is simply from breathing. (True/False)
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True
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Facts: Arizona put into Law the Groundwater Management Act in 1980; California is just not discussing the need for monitoring and regulation of groundwater resources. Evaluate this statement: This demonstrates the more creative, pro-active, and forward-looking approach Arizona's government has taken to water resource development and probably why California is suffering a worse water crisis than Arizona at present. (True/ False)
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True
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The river that supplies water to the reservoir that serves as a major drinking water supply for the city of Houston carries annually about 50% wastewater effluent from Dallas.
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True
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In Orange County (southern California) reclaimed water (wastewater effluent) is used for:
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block sea water out during pumping. -aquifer recharge. human engineered wetland
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The Pheonix metropolitan area uses reclaimed water (wastewater effluent for):
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-To cool the nuclear plant -ground water recharge
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What % of the world's population is exposed to high levels of threat to water security (either water quality or water quantity or both)?
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80%, population concentration
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60% of the annual flow of all rivers in the US can be stored in reservoirs behind dams any given year (True/False)
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True
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Which country led the way in dam construction in the 1800's and 1900's?
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United States
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How much water is lost to evaporation from the Roosevelt Lake Reservoir annually?
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about 6 ft every year
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The best way to help a salmon run recover after successful dam removal is to build a large fish hatchery to introduce as many salmon as possible into the river (True/False)
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False
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The four Lower Snake River dams have been characterized as:
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recreation, irrigation, transportation
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What are the three river systems that naturally supply Maricopa County?
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Salt/ Verde River System, Colorado River System, ground water from aquifers
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According to Johns Sabo's research, when are fish populations at their highest?
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When it's a low flow
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Evaporation rates are higher over the oceans than over land because
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wet areas increases (energy limited) dry areas increase (water limited)
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Earth's global water budget is a balance of all the inputs and outputs of the hydrologic cycle. The conservation of mass in the context of the global water budget means that:
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a balance between incoming solar radiation & outgoing terrestrial radiation
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Subsurface Flow and surface runoff fluxes are only a small fraction of terrestrial water fluxes- precipitation and evapotranspiration compose the bulk of fluxes over land. (True/False)
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True
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If a Greenhouse is in energy balance most afternoons, how is this balance achieved?
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100% of Earth's atmosphere comes from the sun
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Why does the distance from star to planet affect planetary temperature and thus habitability?
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needs more cloud cover. Star's luminosity and the planet's distance from that sun. Looking for plants that aren't too hot and not too cold. based on insolation, or energy coming in from the star and heating the planets surface.
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What is the 100-year flood?
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It is used in an attempt to simplify the definition of a flood that statistically has a 1% change of occurring in any given year.
