question

Geologist s who specifically study earthquakes are called

answer

Seismologists

question

A surface along which rock on opposed sides is offset by earthquake-induced slip is called a

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Fault

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At any point along the surface of an oblique (nonvertical) fault, the

answer

Hanging wall lies vertically above the footwall

question

If, during an earthquake, a hanging wall slides upward relative to a footwall, the fault is termd when the fault is steep (closer to vertical than horizontal)

answer

Reverse

question

If, during an earthquake, a hanging wall slides upward relative to the footwall, the fault is termed, if the fault is shallow (much closer to horizontal than vertical

answer

Thrust

question

If, during an earthquake, a hanging wall slides upward relative to the footwall, the fault is termed

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normal

question

If a fault is nearly vertical in orientation and the two walls of rock on opposite sides slide past one another horizontally, the fault is termed

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strike slip

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The quantity of offset that occurs along a fault is termed

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displacement

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The intersection between a fault plane and the ground surface is called the

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fault trace

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An earthquake occurs with an epicenter in the town of New Madrid, Missouri, in the interior of the North American Plate. Where might the hypocenter of this earthquake plausibly be found?

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10km south of New Madrid

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The greatest earthquake ever recorded by seismographs occurred in 1960 in Chile and measured on the moment-magnitude scale

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9.5

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A primary force opposing the motion on the faults is

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Friction

question

Periods of intermittent sliding on a fault that result from the release of stress during episodes of displacement followed by stress build-up to the point that the fault is reactivated, are termed

answer

stick-slip behavior

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Aftershocks following a major earthquake

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may continue for days after the initial earthquake, are mostly much smaller than the original earthquake, and may occur on the same fault as the original earthquake

question

Faulting and earthquakes are examples of

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brittle behavior

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Earthquake waves that pass through the interior of Earth are termed

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body waves

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Which type of earthquake waves generally travels faster?

answer

Body Waves

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Surface Waves

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Cause most of the damage to buildings during earthquakes

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Body Waves include

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both S- and P-waves

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Which type of earthquake waves travel faster?

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P-waves

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Vertical motion seismographs record earthquakes through the production of a squiggly diagram called a

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seismogram

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The point within earth where an earthquake takes place is termed the

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Hypocenter

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The point on the earths surface directly above the point where the earthquake occurs is termed the

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epicenter

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How many seismic stations are necessary to find the epicenter of an earthquake

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3

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Which earthquake intensity scale assesses the effects of an earthquake on humans and human-made structures?

answer

Mercalli Scale

question

Which earthquake severity scale only takes vibration caused by the S-waves into account when estimating the size of an earthquake?

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Richter Scale

question

Which earthquake severity scale takes into account that type of rock that has been fractured?

answer

Moment-magnitude scale

question

Which earthquake severity scale measures the amplitude of deflection of a seismograph pen, standardized to an idealized distance of 100km between epicenter and seismograph?

answer

Richter Scale

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Which earthquake severity scalle varies from locality to locality for a single earthquake?

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Mercalli Scale

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Earthquakes are likely to occur along

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All three major types of boundaries

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Intermediate and deep earthquakes occur along

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Convergent plate boundaries only

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Earthquakes that occur in a band called a ______ can be used to track the motion of subducted oceanic lithosphere.

answer

Wadati-Benioff Zone

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Virtually all of the deaths attributed to major earthquakes have resulted from the collapse of buildings

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True

question

Short-term predictions of earthquakes behavior

answer

have been largely unreliable

question

Long-term prediction of earthquake behavior

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is based on past earthquake activity, works on the principle that zones of past seismicity will be active in the future, includes the notion of seismic gaps- places where an earthquake is overdue

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A tsunami is ______

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an earthquake generated sea wave that can sometimes destroy coastal cities thousands of kilometers from its source

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On December 26, 2004, a magnitude 9 earthquake generated tsunami that devastated coastlines on the ______Ocean.

answer

Indian

question

An earthquake with magnitude 8.0 releases ______ theenergy of an earthquake with magnitude 4.0

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ten thousand times

question

The greatest earthquake ever recorded by seismograph equipment measured ______ on the moment-magnitude scale and had an epicenter off the coast of ______

answer

9.5/ Chile

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California is the only state in the US that experiences frequent or strong earthquakes

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False

question

A map of "g" for San Francisco is a stand in for a map of

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Intensity

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The San Andreas fault is

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Strike Slip

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Faults in Nevada's Basin and Range are most likely to be

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normall

question

The Northridge earthquake was on a fault that was

answer

Thrust

question

The greatest energy per square meter of fault face come from quakes that are on faults that are

answer

reverse

question

Fault creep is

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Gradual quasi-steady motion on a fault

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A tsunami is most likely generated by

answer

the snap of geology on the subduction zone hanging wall

question

In the UDA calculation for seismic motion, D stands for distance from the epicenter

answer

False

question

To tell how far an earthquake is from a particular seismic station, you need two more stations

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Fase

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Is it true to quakes on ocean ridges are usually small

answer

Yes

question

Marina Green (SF) and Turnagain Heigts (Alaska) both suffered from

answer

liquefaction induced landsliding

question

The amount of energy in a Magnitude 5 quake is x times larger than a magnitude 3 quake, where x is

answer

100

question

Aftershocks are, by definition, smaller than the main shock

answer

True

question

If we had a N-S oriented strike slip fault with a right-lateral motion quake, tensional cracks during a quake would be

answer

NE-SW

question

If we had a N-S oriented strike slip fault with a right-lateral motion quake, small compressive folds during a quake would be

answer

NW-SE

question

During liquefaction, intergrain fluid pressure

answer

Increases

question

What has the greatest lurching motion in quake

answer

thick weak soils

question

Did the Wood Anderson seismograph pick up all the waves from a quake?

answer

No

question

Do you need to know the distance to a quake to measure Richter magnitude?

answer

Yes

question

Do you need to know the distance to a quake to measure intensity?

answer

No

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