Geography – Environmental Geography Flashcard
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Geography
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The study of the Earth and its human and non-human features
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4 Cardinal Directions
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North, South, East, West
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Latitude
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Distance North or South of the Equator
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Longitude
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Distance East or West of the Prime Meridian
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Sphere
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3 D circle
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Degrees
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units that measure angles
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Hemisphere
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A half of the earth (half of a 3D circle)
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Equator
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The East west Line that runs across the center of the earth. Divides our planet into two equal hemispheres.
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5 Themes of Geography
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Location, Place, Region, Movement or Human Environment in the
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Location
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by finding where it is
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Place
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mix of human and non human features in an area or location
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Region
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an area with at least one common geographic feature
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Movement
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explores how people, goods and ideas get from a place to another place
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Define the difference between absolute location and relative location
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Absolute means where something is exactly located, relative is about where it is located
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What does the geographic theme of PLACE describe about a location?
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Describing the climate and features, human and non-human features of climate
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The Midwest is one REGION of the US. What characteristics make it a region?
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A group of places that have something in common.
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How can you see the theme of MOVEMENT in a city like Washington DC?
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When goods are being transported from a place to another place or when people are driving in cars/
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How does human-environment interaction affect your life?
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It affects nature and us.
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Human-Environment Interaction
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Considers how people affect their environment, and how environment affects them
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4 MODLES that geographers use to represent the Earths surface
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Globes, Photographers, Computer images, Map
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Scale
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the area given space on a map, that corresponds to the real world
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Aerial Photograph
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picture taken from the air (photographs taken from airplanes or helicopters)
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Satellite Images
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pictures of earth taken from a satellite
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GIS
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Geographic Information System
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What are GIS?
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Computer based systems that stores and uses information linked to geographic locations.
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Define Projection
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Ways to map earth on a flat surface
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What is Distortion?
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Loss of accuracy in the size or position of objects on a map
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Name 3 projections and their purpose
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1) Equal Area Projection (oval) - shows the correct size of land masses however the shapes are distorted 2) The Robison Projection (flat top) shows nearly the correct sizes and shapes of most land areas 3)The Mercator Projection-(grid) Flat map taken of the earths round surface the correct shapes and directions but not the same size (ie. pools look bigger then the yard).
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What do you call photographs taken from airplanes or helicopters?
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Areal photographs
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Key
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explains what the symbols and the shading of a map mean
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Scale Bar
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the map part that shows how much space on the map represents a given distance
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Compass Rose
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a standard map diagram that shows the cardinal directions
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Locator Map
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a map that shows an enlarged view of one part of the main map
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List 3 types of Maps in your book and explain what they need
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1) Physical- physical and natural features 2) Political- 3) Electorial- shows results of an election 4) Special purpose 5) Population Map
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Elevation
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the height of the land above sea level
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Special purpose map
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What is made in that area, industry or population
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A political map of your state would show....?
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The major cities or capitals, center of government
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A physical map shows
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mountains and physical features
