Gen Chem Chapter 10: Acids and Bases – Flashcards
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| litmus paper |
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| turns red in acid and blue in base |
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| BL acid |
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| proton donor (ADH) acid donates hydrogen |
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| BL base |
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| proton acceptor |
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| lewis acid |
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| electron acceptor |
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| lewis base |
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| electron donor |
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| arrhenius acid |
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| produces H+ |
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| arrhenius base |
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| produces OH- |
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| arrhenius acids and bases only in |
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| aqueous solutions |
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| lewis definition is the most ____ and arrhenius is the most _____ |
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| general, specific |
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| hypochlorite |
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| ClO- |
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| chlorite |
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| CLO2- |
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| chlorate |
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| ClO3- |
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| nitrite |
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| NO2- |
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| nitrate |
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| NO3- |
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| hypochlorous acid |
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| HClO |
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| chlorous acid |
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| HClO2 |
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| chloric acid |
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| HClO3 |
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| perchloric acid |
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| HClO4 |
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| nitrous acid |
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| HNO2 |
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| nitric acid |
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| HNO3 |
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| weak acid or base has ___ of an effect on pH than a strong acid or base of the same concentration |
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| less |
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| Ka is a measure of |
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| the degree to which an acid dissociates |
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| the weaker the acid the ___ the Ka |
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| smaller |
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| NaOH |
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| strong base |
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| HCl |
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| strong acid |
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| NH3 |
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| weak base |
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| HClO |
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| weak acid |
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| salt ions + water --> acid or base |
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| hydrolysis |
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| amphoteric |
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| can act either as an acid or a base |
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| another name for amphoteric |
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| amphiprotic |
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| examples of amphoteric species: |
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| 1. partially dissociated conj base of a polyprotic acid 2. hydroxides of certain metals 3. species that either oxidize or reduce |
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| titration: |
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| procedure used to determine the molarity of an acid or base |
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| number of acid eq = number of base eq at the |
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| equivalence point |
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| indicators are ___ acids or bases |
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| weak... have different colors in undissociated and dissociated states |
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| buffer solution: |
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| mixture of a weak acid and its salt or weak base and its salt |
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| H2SO4 |
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| strong acid |
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| lewis bases are also called |
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| ligands |
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| lewis acid-base reaction are also called |
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| complexation reactions |
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| Kw= |
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| Ka*Kb |
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| HNO3 |
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| strong acid |
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| HCl |
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| strong acid |
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| HBr |
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| strong acid |
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| HI |
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| strong acid |
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| HClO4 |
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| strong acid |
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| HClO3 |
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| strong acid |
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| H3PO4 |
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| strong acid |
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| CH3COOH |
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| weak acid |
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| H2O |
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| weak acid and weak base |
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| HF |
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| weak acid |
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| HCN |
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| weak acid |
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| HSO4- |
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| weak acid |
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| NH4+ |
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| weak acid |
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| KOH |
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| strong base |
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| CaO |
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| strong base |
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| Na2O |
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| strong base |
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| H- |
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| strong base |
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| NH2- |
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| strong base |
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| NH3 |
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| weak base |
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| CH3COO- |
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| weak base |
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| CN- |
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| weak base |
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| SO42- |
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| weak base |
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| ____ Ka means strong acid |
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| high |
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| ____ pKa means strong acid |
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| low |
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| chose an indicator with a pKa close to |
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| the pH equilibrium point of the titration |
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| LEO |
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| loss of electrons oxidize |
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| GER |
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| gain electrons, reduce |
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| galvanic |
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| spontaneous |
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| voltaic |
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| spontaneous |
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| electrolytic |
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| non-spontaneous--requires energy |
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| electrons flow |
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| anode to cathode a-->c |
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| acid anhydride |
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| 2 acyl groups to same oxygen |
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| metals for ___ anhydrides |
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| basic |
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| nonmetals form ___ anhydrides |
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| acid |
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| salts of nitrous acids are |
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| nitrites |
