question

Health promotion was recognized for its potential to help control injury and disease and to promote health during the

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20th century

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The publication considered to have been the document that gave great momentum to the health promotion and disease prevention movement in America was

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Health People: The surgeon generals report on health promotion and disease prevention

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Which major area is NOT one of the responsibilities outlined in the Hierarchical Model of Responsibilities and Competencies for Health Educators?

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I - Assess Individual and Community Needs for Health Education II - Plan Health Education Strategies, Interventions, and Programs III - Implement Health Education Strategies, Interventions, and Programs IV - Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education V - Administer Health Education Strategies, Interventions, and Programs VI - Serve as a Health Education Resource Person VII - Communicate and Advocate for Health and Health Education

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Self-breast examinations would be considered which level of prevention?

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secondary prevention

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Chemotherapy for cancer treatment is considered which level of prevention?

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tertiary prevention

question

When a person is healthy, without signs and symptoms of disease, illness, or injury, the level of prevention most appropriate would be

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primary prevention

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Which requirement below is NOT a part of qualifications to sit for the CHES examination?

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A bachelor's, masters, or doctoral degree from an accredited institution of higher education; AND one of the following -An official transcript that clearly shows a major in health education (health education, community health education, public health education etc.) -An official transcript that reflects at least 25 semester hours or 37 quarter hours of course work with specific preparation addressing the Areas of Responsibility of Health education specialists

question

assumptions of health promotion include all of the following except:

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•Health status can be changed •Health & disease are dynamic •Disease theories & principles can be understood •Appropriate prevention strategies can be developed •Behavior can be changed & those changes can impact health •Many things contribute to health & influence behavior change •Initiating & maintaining a behavior change is difficult •Individual responsibility should not be viewed as victim blaming •For behavior change to be permanent, the person must be motivated & ready to change

question

According to your text, many health educators' responsibilities are involved in some way with:

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planning, implementing, and evaluation

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the educational and ecological assessment phase of precede-proceed includes determining:

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predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors

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in the precede-proceed model phase _____ which seeks to subjectively define the quality of life of those in the priority population is called __________.

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Phase 1 Social assessment and situational analysis

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predisposing factors

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factors that can facilitate or hinder a person's motivation to change and can be altered through direct communication (knowledge)

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refusing to wear a seatbelt because friends will tease you is an example of

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predisposing factors

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matching appropriate strategies and interventions with projected changes and outcomes occurs during which phase the precede-proceed model?

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phase 4 - Intervention Alignment and Administrative and Policy Assessment

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according to precede-proceed, which of the following is not considered impact evaluation

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immediate observable effects of program

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the MATCH framework is recognized for emphasizing program

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implementation

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in the MATCH modle, individuals who exert influence or control over personal or environmental conditions related to the target health and behavior goals are referred to as TIA's, meaning

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targets of intervention actions

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describe and provide on example of each of the following components of the precede-proceed model

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-Predisposing factors, - factors that can facilitate or hinder a person's motivation to change and can be altered through direct communication ex: knowledge -Reinforcing factors - different types of feedback and rewards that those in the priority population receive after behavior change, which encourage or discourage the continuation of the behavior ex: family, friends -Enabling factors - barriers or vehicles created mainly by societal forces or systems ex: access to health care facilities

question

All but which of the following are considered to be appropriate sources for building a rationale?

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literature, epidemiological data, evidence

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Data that describe the status of a health problem within a population based on distribution and determinants of health are referred to as

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epidemiological data

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In order for resources and support to flow into health promotion programming

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decision makers need to clearly perceive a set of values or benefits associated with the proposed program

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The first step planners should take to gain the support of decision makers is to

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identify appropriate background material

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People willing to do the actual work needed to plan and implement a program are referred to as

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planning committee/steering committe/advisor board

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Health educators can access and understand background information to develop a rationale by

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accessing literature

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a program rational is

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a plan for creating a program that is supported by evidence that the purposed program will benefit those for whom it is planned

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When starting the planning process, health educators

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asses individual and community needs, access health related data

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Which of the following is a benefit statement for worksite health promotion programming

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check book pg 64 and 65

question

List and explain three sources that can be used to build a rationale for a program.

answer

Literature - articles, books, gov. explain past and current knowledge about particular topic Epidemiological data - info and data that describe the status of a health problem within a population Evidence - body of data that can be used to make decisions when planning a program

question

In the program planning process, the group who will be served is referred to as the

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priority population

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The process by which those who are planning programs can determine what health problems might exist in any population is called

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needs assessment

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Administering surveys, facilitating focus groups, and conducting interviews are examples of

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primary data

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What type of data collection is most likely to be timely and expensive?

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primary data

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Which of the following is NOT an important question for a needs assessment?

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Who is priority population? What are the needs of pp? Which subgroups w/in pp have greatest need? What is currently being done Where are these subgroups geographically How well have the identified needs been addressed

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Telephone interviews

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are single step surveys, offers a relative easy method of collecting self-reported data at a moderate cost

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The American Cancer Society and the American Heart Association are examples

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secondary data-non governmental agencies and organizations

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one source of secondary data about substance abuse and mental health is

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psychINFO

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Which of the following is NOT a step to increase the accuracy of self-reported data?

answer

1. Select measures that clearly reflect program outcomes 2. select measures that have been designed to anticipate the response problems and that have been validated 3. conduct a pilot study with the pp 4. anticipate and correct and major sources of unreliability 5. employ quality- control procedures to detect other sources of error 6. employ multiple methods 7. use multiple measures 8. use experimental and control groups with random assignment to control for biases in self-report

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Explain the difference between primary and secondary data, and give three sources for each.

answer

Primary - ex) surveys, focus groups, and depth interviews Secondary - ex) data collected by governmental agencies, data from existing records, data collected by nongovernmental agencies and organizations Primary is data that is already collected for a specific questions related to specific needs while secondary is data collected by someone else and available for your use.

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A mission statement can be described

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as a program overview or program aid letting you know the objective of the program

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a goal is

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1. an expectation that is much more encompassing or global 2. It is written to include all aspects or components of a program. 3. Provides overall direction 4. More general in nature 5. Usually takes longer to complete 6. Does not have a deadline 7. Usually is not observed, but rather must be inferred cuz it invludes words like evaluate, know, improve, and understanf. 8. Is often not measurable in exact terms.

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Terms such as distinguish, infer, prove, synthesize, and contrast are important in creating

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objectives

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Questions such as "Can the objective be realized during the life of the program?" and "Does the program have enough resources?" are appropriate when planners

answer

are trying to develop objectives

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Which of the following is an example of the criterion element of an objective?

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Realized in a reasonable time frame Realistic? Enough resources to reach Consistent with policies & procedures Don't violate rights Reflects the culture of priority population In other words, are the objectives SMART?

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the words "explain" and "define" would be best suited for which type of objective?

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knowledge-level objective

question

the words "understand," "know" and "appreciate" would be best suited for writing

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a specific objective

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to increase the number of people who have access to primary health care is an example of a program

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goal

question

name the four elements that must be present for a well-written objective

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outcome conditions criterion priority

question

the primary elements of the building blocks of a theory are

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concepts

question

the areas or responsibility that relate most directly to health promotion models and theories of behavior change are

answer

Plan Health Education Strategies, Interventions, and Programs. & Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education

question

According to the Stimulus-Response Theory, reducing health insurance benefits for employees who continue to participate in a health-harming behavior is an example of

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reinforcement punishment

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When a group facilitator provides positive verbal feedback to a participant, it is an example of

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reinforcement punishment

question

The Ecological Perspective recognizes multiple levels of intervention including all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

it recognizes that health- realted behaviors and conditions are a part of a larger system and can be approached from multiple levels. 1 intrapersonal or indivual factors, 2. Interpersonal factors 3. Instituational or organizational factors, 4 community factors, 5. Public policy factors

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according to the theory of reasoned action

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individuals' intention to perform given behaviors are functions of their attitudes toward the behavior and their subjective norms associated with the behaviors.

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the theory of freeing is comprised of

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empowerment

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When a person exercises to achieve weight loss, prevent heart disease, and lower blood pressure he or she is acting according to which component of the Health Belief Model?

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perceived barrier

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In what stage of the Transtheoretical Model does a person actively plan change?

answer

preparation

question

The Community Readiness Model defines nine stages. What are they?

answer

1) No awareness, 2) Denial, 3) Vague awareness, 4) Preplanning, 5) Preparation, 6) Initiation, 7) Stabilization, 8) Confirmation/Expansion, and 9) Professionalism

question

An intervention is a _________ - __________ strategy or experience to which those in the priority population will be exposed or in which they will take part.

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-theory -based

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Attending a small group meeting to learn about heart-healthy recipes is an example of a(n)

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strategy

question

____ refers to the breadth and depth of material covered

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scope

question

which intervention strategy generally has the highest penetration rate

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health communication strategy

question

for the general public, writing at which grade reading level is usually best?

answer

6th grade level

question

personal visits to educate or lobby key people, a community rally, and telephone call campaigns are examples of

answer

communication mobilization strategies

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environmental change strategies

answer

are those designed to change the structure or types of services, or systems of care, to improve the delivery of health promotion

question

the culture of an organization can be thought of as its

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personality

question

social and material reinforcers are types of

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incentives

question

Name five types of health intervention strategies and give an example of each.

answer

Health communication strategies - brochure on skin cancer or a mass media campaign on preventing HIV Health education strategies - prenatal classes for expectant parents, a workshop for parents on how to better communicate with their teenager Environmental change strategies - equipping automobiles with safety belts, air bags, etc Health policy/enforcement strategies - state laws requiring the use of safety belts or motorcycle helments Community mobilization strategies - voting behavior, personal visits, telephone call campaign

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