Fundamentals of Management Chapter 8 Key Terms – Flashcards
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organizational change
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any alteration of people, structure, or technology in an organization
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change agents
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people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing change activities
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"calm waters" metaphor
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A description of organizational change that likens that change to a large ship making a predictable trip across a calm sea and experiencing an occasional storm
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"white-water rapids" metaphor
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A description of organizational change that likens that change to a small raft navigating a raging river
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organization development (OD)
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Effort that assist organizational members with a planned change by focusing on their attitudes and values.
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survey feedback
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a method of assessing employees' attitudes toward and perceptions of a change
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process consultation
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using outside consultants to assess organizational processes such as workflow, informal intra-unit relationships, and formal communication channels
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team-building
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using activities to help work groups set goals, develop positive interpersonal relationships, and clarify the roles and responsibilities of each team member
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intergroup development
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activities that attempt to make several work groups more cohesive
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stress
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the adverse reaction people have to excessive pressure placed on them from extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities
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karoshi
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A Japanese term that refers to a sudden death caused by overworking
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stressors
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factors that cause stress
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role conflicts
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work expectations that are hard to satisfy
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role overload
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having more work to accomplish than time permits
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role ambiguity
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when role expectations are not clearly understood
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Type A personality
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people who have a chronic sense of urgency and an excessive competitive drive
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Type B personality
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people who are relaxed and easygoing and accept change easily
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employee assistance programs (EAPs)
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Programs offered by organizations to help employees overcome personal and health related problems
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wellness programs
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programs offered by organizations to help employees prevent health problems
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creativity
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the ability to produce novel and useful ideas
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innovation
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the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation
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idea champions
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individuals who take an innovation and actively and enthusiastically promote the idea, build support, overcome resistance, and ensure that the idea is implemented
