Foundations Exam 1 Practice Questions – Flashcards

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question
who regulates safety in healthcare?
answer
OSHA and joint commission
question
when caring for a child, you identify that additional safety teaching is needed when a young and inexperienced mother states that: a. teenagers need to practice safe sex b. a 3-year old can safely sit in the front seat of the car c. children need to wear safety equipment when bike riding d. children need to learn to swim even if they do not have a pool
answer
B
question
a newly admitted patient was found wandering the hallways for the past two nights. the most appropriate nursing intervention to prevent a fall for this patient would include: a. raise all four side rails when darkness falls b. use an electrical bed monitoring device c. place the patient in a room close to the nursing station d. use a loose-fitting vest type jacket restraint
answer
B and C
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when a surgical fire occurs, the nurse should first... a. remove patients from immediate danger b. call emergency services c. close the doors near the location of the fire d. evacuate the surgical unit
answer
A
question
when teaching a patient about fire safety, which activity does the nurse know is the leading cause of fire-related death? a. cooking b. playing with matches c. smoking d. heating with kerosene heaters
answer
C
question
Which measure can the nurse teach to prevent poisoning of children? (Select all that apply.) a. Install safety latches on reachable cabinets. b. Keep syrup of ipecac on hand. c. Use childproof caps on medications. d. Use a plunger rather than a chemical drain cleaner. e. Keep cleaning supplies under the kitchen sink.
answer
A, C, D
question
Which restraint-free alternative is best for the nurse to use for an 84-year-old patient after hip replacement who has acute confusion and incontinence? a. A room near the nurses' station and decreased sensory stimuli b. A pressure sensor alarm and a room near the nurses' station c. Side rails up and decreased sensory stimuli d. A 24-hour sitter and the patient's favorite TV program
answer
B
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The nurse is performing a fall risk assessment on a newly admitted patient. Which finding is a known risk factor for falls? a. Medications b. Urinary incontinence c. Multiple comorbidities d. Malnutrition
answer
B
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A patient is ordered to have a urine culture to rule out methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). When obtaining this specimen, which personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse don? a. Gloves, mask, eye shield b. Gloves, gown, shoe covers c. Gloves, mask, hat d. Gloves, gown, eye shield
answer
D
question
An elderly client residing in the community with cardiopulmonary compromise and impaired ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) presents safety concerns to the nurse. Which is the greatest concern? a. Ability to obtain and take medications correctly b. Ability to safely get on and off a toilet c. Ability to safely procure food and prepare meals d. Ability to safely eat without choking
answer
B
question
What other health care professional should the nurse consult when a patient has difficulty with activities of daily living (ADLs) and why? a. Occupational therapist to evaluate the ability to perform ADLs b. Physical therapist to evaluate the patient's need for assistive devices c. Social worker to arrange for needed assistive devices d. Area agency on aging to arrange for Meals on Wheels
answer
A
question
A 56-year-old man who has been staying at a cabin while hunting arrives at the emergency department with complaints of dizziness, light-headedness, and nausea. What does the nurse initially suspect? a. Carbon monoxide poisoning b. Lead poisoning c. Radon exposure d. Food poisoning
answer
A
question
Which activity would be most appropriate for the registered nurse (RN) to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? a. Assessing the patient for fall risk and complications of restraint use b. Evaluating the patient's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) c. Assisting with or performing the patient's ADLs d. Teaching the patient use of assistive devices
answer
C
question
When working with radiation diagnostics or treatments, which preventive measure should be followed to avoid exposure? (Select all that apply.) a. Using lead shielding of patients and staff b. Keeping staff at the farthest distance possible from the radiation source c. Limiting the length of exposure d. Wearing a badge to monitor the length of exposure e. Following procedures and safety checks
answer
A, B, C, D, E
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Which patient appears to be at greatest risk for falls? a. 66-year-old woman post-op, A&O x 3, continuous IV, and narcotic pain meds b. 71-year-old man with pneumonia, A&O x 2, on O2, and continuous IV c. 76-year-old man with acute confusion, A&O x 1, incontinent, and continuous IV d. 80-year-old woman post-op, A&O x 3, narcotic pain meds, and continuous IV
answer
C
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Identify all nursing interventions that would be required when caring for a restrained patient: a. Remove restraints q1h and inspect the skin. b. Check on the patient every 30 minutes and ensure needs are met. c. Renew restraint orders every shift. d. Remove restraints as soon as patient's condition allows.
answer
D
question
When a fire occurs in a health care agency in which sequence should actions be performed? a. Pull the alarm. Assist patients. Secure area by closing doors. Spray extinguisher. b. Remove oxygen source. Aerate the fire. Call the operator. Evacuate patients. c. Rescue the patients. Alarm sounded. Contain the fire. Extinguish fire. d. Remove fire source. Alarm sounded. Close the doors. Evacuate patients.
answer
C
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For a school-age child who enjoys riding a bicycle, which is the priority nursing diagnosis? a. Risk for injury b. Risk for falls c. Risk for impaired skin integrity d. Risk for impaired mobility
answer
A
question
Select the most appropriate side rail regime for an elderly patient who intermittently calls for assistance: a. one top side rail raised on the patient's dominant side b. two top side rails raised to promote bed mobility c. three side rails up with bottom rail closest to bathroom down d. four side rails up to prevent the patient getting up without assistance
answer
C
question
Which behavior by the nurse during medication administration is most likely to cause a medication error in a 40-year-old patient on a medical/surgical unit? (Select all that apply.) a. Verifies the patient's identity calling the patient by name b. Calls the pharmacist to check on the medication dosage c. Takes a telephone call from the doctor about the patient while preparing the medication d. Fails to weigh the patient prior to giving the medication e. Double-checks the right route before administering medication
answer
A, C
question
Which results from a form of pollution? (Select all that apply.) a. Air pollution: hearing loss and elevated blood pressure b. Land pollution: birth defects and cancer c. Water pollution: disease and infection d. Noise pollution: chronic lung disease and allergic symptoms
answer
B, C
question
How can the nurse reduce procedure-related events? (Select all that apply.) a. Maintaining clean technique when inserting a Foley catheter b. Checking nasogastric tube placement prior to a feeding c. Identifying anatomical landmarks prior to giving IM injections d. Performing quality control checks on blood glucose monitors
answer
B, C, D
question
Which clients present concerns for suffocation to the nurse? (Select all that apply.) a. A toddler who is eating grapes b. A school-age child eating a hot dog c. A teenager who plays the "choking game" d. An older adult who inadequately chews food
answer
A, C, D
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The nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus located in her incision. What transmission-based precautions will the nurse implement for the patient? a. Private room b. Private, negative-airflow room c. Mask worn by the staff when entering the room d. Mask worn by the staff and the patient when leaving the patient's room
answer
A
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A new patient is admitted to a medical unit with Clostridium difficile. Which type of precautions or isolation does the nurse know is appropriate for this patient? a. Airborne precautions b. Droplet precautions c. Contact precautions d. Protective isolation
answer
C
question
In which situations does the nurse wear clean gloves as part of standard precautions? (Select all that apply.) a. In the care of a patient diagnosed with an infectious process b. When the patient is diaphoretic c. During care of each individual under treatment in the facility d. In the presence of urine or stool e. When taking the patient's blood pressure
answer
A, C, D
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The nurse is providing patient education on infection prevention. Which definition of an infection does the nurse use as a teaching point? a. An illness resulting from living in an unclean environment b. A result of lack of knowledge about food preparation c. A disease resulting from pathogens in or on the body d. An acute or chronic illness resulting from traumatic injury
answer
C
question
The nurse is caring for a patient who had abdominal surgery and has developed an infection in the wound while hospitalized. Which agent is most likely the cause of the infection? a. Virus b. Bacterium c. Fungus d. Spore
answer
B
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A nurse is preparing to change a sterile dressing and has donned two sterile gloves. To maintain surgical asepsis, what else must the nurse do? a. Keep the amount of splashes on the sterile field to a minimum b. If a sneeze is imminent, cover the nose and mouth with a gloved hand c. With a moist saline sponge, use the dominant hand to clean the wound and then apply a dry dressing d. Regard the outer 1 inch of the sterile field as contaminated
answer
D
question
What is the proper order of removal of soiled personal protective equipment when the nurse leaves the patient's room? a. Gown, goggles, mask, gloves, and exit the room b. Gloves, wash hands, remove gown, mask, and wash hands c. Gloves, goggles, gown, mask, and wash hands d. Goggles, mask, gloves, gown, and wash hands
answer
C
question
Of the following hospitalized patients, who is most at risk for acquiring a health care-associated infection? a. 60-year old who smokes two packs of cigarettes per day b. 40-year old who has an indwelling urinary catheter in place c. 65-year old who is a vegetarian and slightly underweight d. 60-year old who has a white blood cell count of 6000
answer
B
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A patient develops food poisoning from contaminated food. What is the means of transmission for the infectious organism? a. Direct contact b. Vector c. Vehicle d. Airborne
answer
C
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Of the following assessment findings, which signs indicate to a nurse that a patient has a surgical site infection? (Select all that apply.) a. Thick, white drainage in the Jackson-Pratt tubing b. Redness or warmth at the affected site c. Purulent drainage at the incision site d. Temperature 100.4° F (38° C) e. Tenderness and localized pain f. Wound with well-approximated edges g. Purulent drainage at the incision site
answer
A, B, C, D, E, G
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You are making a home visit to a family of 5 children. The youngest, aged 5, has a temperature of 101.1°F, is lethargic, and has a poor appetite. This assessment leads you to the diagnosis of influenza. Based on your knowledge that influenza is an airborne communicable disease, all of the following patient teachings regarding infection are appropriate for the mother and family except a. keep children home from day care and school while symptoms are present. b. remind family that they only need to wash their hands if they are visibly dirty. c. do not share tissues, dishes, or personal care items to reduce the risk of transmission. d. encourage the family to receive their annual influenza vaccine.
answer
B
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When caring for a patient with rubella, in addition to standard precautions, which precautions would be used? a. Droplet precautions b. Airborne precautions c. Contact precautions d. Universal precautions
answer
A
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During normal patient care that does not soil hands, effective hand hygiene between patients requires a. at least a 20-second soap and water scrub. b. at least a 23-minute scrub with antimicrobial soap. c. use of an alcohol-based antiseptic handrub. d. a mask must be worn while scrubbing is occurring.
answer
C
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A nurse is caring for an overweight 60-year old woman with a reddened area over her coccyx. The priority nursing diagnosis for this patient is a. Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements related to immobility. b. Impaired Physical Mobility related to pain and discomfort. c. Chronic Pain related to overweight. d. Risk for Infection related to altered skin integrity.
answer
D
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An infection occurs as a result of a cyclical process. The six components of an infection are a. infectious agent, source of infection, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host. b. infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, vehicle of movement, portal of entry, and susceptible host. c. infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, vehicle of transmission, portal of entry, and unsusceptible host. d. invading agent, reservoir, portal of exit, vehicle of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.
answer
A
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Of the following patients, which patient is at a higher risk of infection? a. 27-year-old female who is an athlete b. 60-year-old male with arthritis c. 12-year-old female with a broken leg d. 36-year-old female with HIV
answer
D
question
The nurse is caring for a patient that has a diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following infection-control practices should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.) a. Wear a protective gown when entering the patient's room. b. Don a particulate respirator mask when administering medication to the patient. c. Ensure that all staff serving the patient's meal trays don gloves prior to delivering of tray. d. Instruct all visitors to wear a surgical mask when entering the patient's room. e. Use sterile gloves when performing dressing changes. f. Use a face shield before irrigating the patient's wounds.
answer
A, C, F
question
A hospitalized patient experiences a sharp, stabbing pain while visiting with his spouse. Both the patient and his wife become very concerned, and the patient's call light is activated. What referent initiated communication between the patient and the nurse? a. Interaction between the patient and his wife b. Concern on the part of the patient's spouse c. Pain experienced by the patient d. Activation of the call light
answer
C
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Which factor influences whether a message is effectively communicated? (Select all that apply.) a. Timing of the conversation b. Educational level of participants c. Mode of communication used d. Physical environment of discussion e. Clothing that the nurse is wearing
answer
A, B, C, D
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When a patient is grimacing, what assessment statement or question would be most beneficial for identifying the underlying cause of the nonverbal communication? a. "Did you lose something?" b. "You appear to be having pain." c. "I will turn off the lights and let you rest." d. "May I get you something to relieve your tension?"
answer
B
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What action by the nurse would most ensure accurate interpretation of patient communication? a. Providing feedback regarding the conveyed message b. Writing down the patient's conversational highlights c. Assuming significant cultural differences exist d. Verifying the patient's emotional state
answer
A
question
If a patient's verbal and nonverbal communication is inconsistent, which form of communication is most likely to convey the true feelings of the patient? a. Written notes b. Facial expressions c. Implied inferences d. Spoken words
answer
B
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What strategy would be most effective in communicating with a highly anxious adult immediately before surgery? a. Providing specific, concise information b. Detailing likely causes of their anxiety c. Focusing on postoperative details d. Using instructional multimedia DVDs
answer
A
question
What action should the nurse take if an alert and oriented patient asks the nurse for personal contact information? a. Ask the patient why the personal information is needed. b. Report the interaction to the nursing supervisor immediately. c. State that it would not be appropriate to share that information. d. Change the subject, and hope that the patient does not ask again.
answer
C
question
What would be the best therapeutic response to a patient who expresses indecision about recommended chemotherapy treatments? a. "Can you tell me why you are undecided?" b. "It's always a good idea to have chemotherapy." c. "What are you thinking about the treatments at this point?" d. "You should follow whatever your health care provider recommends."
answer
C
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Which statement is most accurate regarding symbolic expression? a. Skills confidence can be shared most effectively by nurses wearing distinctive clothing. b. Clothing choices by a hospitalized patient rarely reflect his or her economic resources. c. Make-up use by a patient is unnecessary for any reason during hospitalization. d. Nondramatic make-up use and minimal accessorizing by nurses demonstrates professionalism.
answer
D
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Which defense mechanism is being exhibited when a 27-year-old patient insists on having a parent present during routine care? a. Denial b. Regression c. Repression d. Displacement
answer
B
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Physical assessment of a patient requires the nurse to function most often in which area of a patient's space? a. Personal b. Social c. Intimate d. Public
answer
C
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What is the purpose of the nursing process? a. Providing patient-centered care b. Identifying members of the health care team c. Organizing the ways nurses think about patient care d. Facilitating communication among members of the health care team
answer
C
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A patient comes to the emergency department complaining of nausea and vomiting. What should the nurse ask the patient about first? a. Family history of diabetes b. Medications the patient is taking c. Operations the patient has had in the past d. Severity and duration of the nausea and vomiting
answer
D
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An alert, oriented patient is admitted to the hospital with chest pain. Who is the best source of primary data on this patient? a. Family member b. Physician c. Another nurse d. Patient
answer
D
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What is the primary purpose of the nursing diagnosis? a. Resolving patient confusion b. Communicating patient needs c. Meeting accreditation requirements d. Articulating the nursing scope of practice
answer
B
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On what premise is a nursing diagnosis identified for a patient? a. First impressions b. Nursing intuition c. Clustered data d. Medical diagnoses
answer
C
question
Which statement is an appropriately written short-term goal? a. Patient will walk to the bathroom independently without falling within 2 days after surgery. b. Nurse will watch patient demonstrate proper insulin injection technique each morning. c. Patient's spouse will express satisfaction with patient's progress before discharge. d. Patient's incision will be well approximated each time it is assessed by the nurse.
answer
A
question
What should be the primary focus for nursing interventions? a. Patient needs b. Nurse concerns c. Physician priorities d. Patient's family requests
answer
A
question
Which nursing action is critical before delegating interventions to another member of the health care team? a. Locate all members of the health care team. b. Notify the physician of potential complications. c. Know the scope of practice for the other team member. d. Call a meeting of the health care team to determine the needs of the patient.
answer
C
question
A patient reports feeling tired and complains of not sleeping at night. What action should the nurse perform first? a. Identify reasons the patient is unable to sleep. b. Request medication to help the patient sleep. c. Tell the patient that sleep will come with relaxation. d. Notify the physician that the patient is restless and anxious.
answer
A
question
What action should the nurse take regarding a patient's plan of care if the patient appears to have met the short-term goal of urinating within 1 hour after surgery? a. Consult the surgeon to see if the clinical pathway is being followed. b. Discontinue the plan of care because the patient has met the established goal. c. Monitor patient urine output to evaluate the need for the current plan of care. d. Notify the patient that the goal has been attained and no further intervention is needed.
answer
C
question
What term best describes the nature of the nursing process? a. Static b. Linear c. Dynamic d. Predictable
answer
C
question
A disoriented patient is admitted to the hospital accompanied by his spouse. From whom should the nurse collect subjective data on this patient? a. An experienced nurse on the unit b. The patient's medical record c. The patient's wife d. His physician
answer
C
question
Prior to identifying accurate nursing diagnoses, what action must be taken by the nurse? a. Reading the patient's history b. Setting realistic, measurable goals c. Comparing evidence-based practices d. Clustering related patient data
answer
D
question
A nurse admits a 5-year-old female to the postanesthesia unit following a tonsillectomy. The child is crying. What should be the nurse's first action? a. Tell the child that if she stops crying, her parents can be with her. b. Check to see what pain medication is ordered for the child. c. Notify the surgeon of the child's postoperative condition. d. Assess the child to determine why she is crying.
answer
D
question
Which statement is a correctly written example of an actual nursing diagnosis? a. Impaired memory related to patient complaint of becoming confused with the time change b. Risk for injury related to stumbling when walking as evidenced by patient report of occasional difficulty playing basketball c. Activity intolerance related to imbalance between oxygen supply and demand as evidenced by dyspnea on exertion and significant drop of oxygen saturation from 98% to 88% with activity d. Ineffective health maintenance as evidenced by inability to complete activities of daily living related to lack of familial support system
answer
C
question
Which long-term goal is written correctly? a. Patient will remain afebrile throughout hospitalization. b. Patient will return to professional sports activities within 6 months. c. Nurse will prevent bone infection through antibiotic therapy for 3 weeks. d. Patient will demonstrate accurate use of crutches without assistance before discharge from emergency room.
answer
B
question
What phrase best describes the essence of critical thinking? a. Understanding without conscious reasoning b. Providing care based on nursing experience c. Consulting with a primary care provider d. Seeking solutions to problems
answer
D
question
Which body is responsible for defining and disseminating information on nursing diagnoses? a. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International b. International and American Nurses Association c. Individual State Boards of Nursing d. The Joint Commission
answer
A
question
The statement "ongoing collection of data" best describes which phase of the nursing process? a. Planning b. Evaluation c. Assessment d. Implementation
answer
C
question
Which statement illustrates the most measurable outcome indicator? a. Demonstrates dressing change b. Shares innermost thoughts c. Understands instructions d. Shows personal remorse
answer
A
question
A nurse admits a patient to the cardiac care unit following the placement of a cardiac stent. Which step of the nursing process does the nurse do first? a. Planning b. Assessment c. Evaluation d. Implementation
answer
B
question
What should be the focus of all nursing interventions? a. Early hospital discharge for patients b. Providing patient-centered care c. Reduction of health care spending d. Delegating appropriate nursing care
answer
B
question
Which action should the nurse take 30 minutes after administering oral pain medication to a patient? a. Evaluate the effectiveness of the administered pain medication. b. Teach progressive relaxation strategies to relieve muscle tension. c. Assess the patient's coping skills to reduce expressed anxiety. d. Encourage the patient to read or watch TV to provide pain distraction.
answer
A
question
Which action by a patient marks the beginning of the physical assessment process? a. Redressing after a physical examination b. Breathing normally during auscultation c. Greeting the nurse in the examination room d. Sharing work environment information
answer
C
question
Which factors should be taken into consideration by the nurse before and during a patient interview? (Select all that apply.) a. Distance between the chairs in which the nurse and patient are sitting b. Traditional treatments typically used by the patient to treat disease c. Gender preference for primary care providers d. Physical condition of the patient e. Music preference of the patient
answer
A, B, C, D
question
Which action by the nurse is most appropriate during the orientation phase of the patient interview? a. Always position patients in a comfortable reclined position to ensure their comfort during questioning b. Ask which name a patient prefers to be called during care to show respect and build trust c. Quickly conduct a review of systems to determine the need for a complete or focused assessment d. Begin with questions about intimacy and sexuality to address sensitive issues first
answer
B
question
Which activity by the nurse best demonstrates part of the working phase of a patient interview? a. Summarizing previously discussed key topics b. Including selected family members in care planning c. Transferring care responsibilities to the home health nurse d. Verifying the name by which a patient prefers to be addressed
answer
B
question
Which entry in a patient's electronic health record best indicates the need for a nurse to gather secondary rather than primary subjective data? a. Complaining of chest pain b. Apical pulse 110 c. Comatose d. Difficulty swallowing
answer
C
question
Which line of questioning by the nurse best represents an appropriate approach to the review of systems aspect of the assessment process? a. "What do you do for a living? Can you describe your work environment?" b. "Is there a family history of heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, or stroke?" c. "When was your last annual physical? What immunizations did you receive at that time?" d. "Do you have any chest tightness, shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing while exercising?"
answer
D
question
Which cue by a patient can be validated by laboratory and diagnostic test results? a. Deeply sighing with fatigue b. Bilateral crackles in the lungs c. Oxygen saturation of 98% on room air d. 2+ pitting edema of the ankles and feet
answer
A
question
A patient discusses his job stress and family relationships with the nurse during his health history interview. In which organizational framework is this type of data likely to be recorded most extensively? a. Body systems model b. Physical assessment model c. Head-to-toe assessment model d. Functional health patterns model
answer
D
question
When initiating a physical examination, which action should the nurse take first? a. Review of the patient's prior medical records b. Gather admission health history forms c. Assess the patient's vital signs d. Perform light and deep palpation for fluid
answer
C
question
If the nurse discovers that a patient's right elbow is swollen and painful during a physical examination, which action should the nurse take next? a. Apply ice to decrease swelling and reduce pain b. Percuss the area to determine the presence of fluid c. Perform passive range of motion to promote flexibility d. Inspect the patient's left elbow to compare its appearance
answer
D
question
Which piece of assessment data may be accurately obtained during the observation phase? a. Pulse irregularity b. Slow capillary refill c. Elevated temperature d. Presence of body odor
answer
D
question
Patients from which generation would be most comfortable with the nurse using electronic resources for health screening? a. Baby boomers b. Generation X c. Millennials d. Veterans
answer
C
question
Which type of question would be best for the nurse to use when trying to determine the extent of a patient's knowledge concerning a disease process? a. Open ended b. Direct c. Close ended d. Focused
answer
A
question
Which statement by the nurse best describes health history assessment? a. "The first patient interview is the best source of all essential health history data." b. "When health history data is updated, patient information collected earlier is no longer useful." c. "Collection of health history information is ongoing and methodical throughout patient interaction." d. "Gathering health history data is best accomplished in a random, relaxed fashion as topics arise."
answer
C
question
Which statement illustrates appropriate documentation following palpation? a. Abdomen soft, non-tender without distention b. Density noted over kidney margins bilaterally c. Reddened area 3 inches in diameter noted on left thigh d. Heart sounds distant over the mitral and tricuspid valves
answer
A
question
What type of assessment is most appropriate for a patient newly admitted to the hospital for intermittent loss of vision in the left eye? a. Emergency b. Complete c. Focused d. Triage
answer
B
question
Which statement is the best example of subjective, secondary data? a. Unlicensed assistive personnel reports patient's blood pressure is 138/84 b. Patient complains of extreme fatigue and dizziness when walking in the room c. Nurse states that the patient's chest x-ray has a shadow in the left upper lobe d. Spouse reports patient has been vomiting intermittently for the last 48 hours
answer
D
question
A patient is admitted to the nursing unit with numbness and tingling in the right hand, pain in the cervical spine, and occasional loss of consciousness. Into which functional health pattern would the nurse organize this data? a. Self-perception and self-concept b. Coping and stress tolerance c. Cognition and perception d. Activity and exercise
answer
C
question
Which information gathered during assessment is considered to be subjective data? a. The client's urine is dark and foul-smelling. b. The patient's 24-hour urine output is 1800 mL. c. The patient indicates pain and burning are present when urinating. d. The patient is taking an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection.
answer
C
question
The most important source in data collection is/are a. nursing literature. b. the patient. c. medical records. d. family members.
answer
B
question
Which action(s) should the nurse take during the termination phase of the patient interview? (Select all that apply.) a. Express appreciation for the patient's participation. b. Review key assessment findings that were noted. c. Validate information covered with the patient. d. Allow the patient to add additional insights.
answer
A, B, C, D
question
What is the most important reason for nurses to use a standardized taxonomy such as NANDA-I? a. Insurance documentation b. Professional autonomy c. Role delineation d. Patient safety
answer
D
question
Which of the following nursing diagnoses is appropriately written? (Select all that apply.) a. Risk for Infection related to elevated temperature and white blood count b. Readiness for Enhanced Relationship as evidenced by mutual respect verbalized by spouses and expressed desire for improved communication c. Noncompliance related to an inability to access care as evidenced by failure to keep appointments, homebound status d. Risk for Bleeding with the risk factor of prolonged clotting time e. Chronic Pain related to osteoarthritis as manifested by verbalized postoperative discomfort.
answer
B, C, D
question
Which phrase best represents a related factor in an actual nursing diagnosis? a. Unsteady gait requiring the assistance of two people b. Redness and swelling around the incision site c. Ineffective adaptation to recent loss d. Patient complaint of restlessness
answer
C
question
Which action does the nurse need to take before determining the types of nursing diagnoses that are applicable to a patient? (Select all that apply.) a. Thoroughly review the patient's medical history b. Analyze the nursing assessment data to determine whether information is complete c. Outline an individualized plan of care to address each concern d. Consider potential complications to which the patient is susceptible e. Evaluate how the patient has responded to treatment
answer
A, B, D
question
What is the primary difference between a risk nursing diagnosis and an actual nursing diagnosis? a. Defining characteristics are not part of a risk diagnosis. b. There is no cause and effect relationship established. c. Defining characteristics are subjective in a risk diagnosis. d. There are no nursing interventions prescribed in a risk diagnosis.
answer
A
question
What is the most important action for a nurse to take in order to have a new nursing diagnosis considered for inclusion in the NANDA-I taxonomy? a. Share concerns with the nurse manager on the nursing unit. b. Offer alternative care for a patient and family members. c. Discuss how to address patient needs with physicians. d. Provide evidence-based research to support nursing care.
answer
D
question
What is the most significant problem that may result from improperly written nursing diagnostic statements? a. Lack of direction for formulating patient plans of care b. Omission of physician or primary care provider orders c. Combining of two unrelated patient concerns d. Increased team collaboration needs
answer
A
question
Which statement best describes the relationship of medical diagnoses and nursing diagnoses? a. Medical diagnoses are imbedded in nursing diagnoses. b. Nursing diagnoses are derived from medical diagnoses. c. Medical diagnoses are not relevant to nursing diagnoses. d. Medical diagnoses may be interrelated to nursing diagnoses.
answer
D
question
A patient has just experienced a cardiac arrest on the unit. The nurse has implemented the acute care plan for management of code situations. What is the next step the nurse should take? a. Resume all interventions for previously identified nursing diagnoses. b. Perform the steps of the nursing process related to the patient's current condition. c. Seek physician input related to updating the nursing diagnostic statements. d. Evaluate the success of the acute care plan for management of the cardiac arrest.
answer
B
question
What signs and symptoms would the nurse appropriately cluster for a patient with extreme anxiety? (Select all that apply.) a. Denies any difficulty falling asleep b. Elevated pulse rate auscultated at 140 BPM c. Continuous foot tapping throughout intake interview d. Demonstrates how to give insulin self-injection without hesitation e. Patient states, "I feel nervous all the time, especially when I am alone."
answer
B, C, E
question
The hospice nurse believes the nursing diagnosis chronic sorrow is significant in the recovery process of patients recently experiencing a loss. What is required to support the addition of new nursing diagnoses to the NANDA-I taxonomy? a. Clinical research and data collection b. Changes in patient status and life experience c. Anecdotal nursing experiences d. Patient requests
answer
A
question
The nurse has just received a postoperative patient to the floor postureteral stone manipulation. Choose the priority nursing diagnosis. a. Risk for urinary retention r/t general anesthesia and trauma to ureter b. Pain, acute r/t recent surgical procedure and verbalization of pain of 4 on scale 0-10 c. Risk for bleeding r/t surgical site injury d. Comfort, impaired r/t inability to urinate and verbalization "I am beginning to feel full"
answer
A
question
The relationship of the medical diagnosis to the nursing diagnosis is a. the medical diagnosis is embedded within the nursing diagnostic statement. b. nursing diagnoses are driven by/derived from the medical diagnosis. c. the medical diagnosis is not relevant to the nursing diagnosis. d. the medical and nursing diagnoses should complement each other.
answer
D
question
An example of implementation of evidenced practice by the nurse would be the nurse a. initiates a new policy protocol for the removal of c-collars and bed board restraints of the emergency department patient based on empirical research results. b. watched a news report on a new procedure for chest tube removal and implements the procedure on the patient needing chest tubes removed. c. saw a physician perform a manipulation for vertigo related to inner ear problems and decides to utilize the manipulation for the current patient experiencing vertigo. d. is assisting a physician with conscious sedation during a procedure and is asked to perform outside the nursing scope of practice.
answer
A
question
The clustering of data is significant to the nursing diagnoses step because clustering of data will a. show the nurse assessment is complete for this patient. b. move the nurse toward accurate planning for the symptoms in clustered data. c. group the data of similar problems and aid in accurate nursing diagnosis identification. d. organize the data for clear assessment so further assessment can occur.
answer
C
question
Which action would the nurse undertake first when beginning to formulate a patient's plan of care? a. List possible treatment options. b. Identify realistic outcome indicators. c. Consult with health care team members. d. Rank patient concerns from assessment data.
answer
D
question
Which resource is most helpful when prioritizing identified nursing diagnoses? a. Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) b. Gordon's functional health patterns c. Maslow's hierarchy of needs d. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
answer
C
question
If a patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of each of the following nursing diagnoses, which should the nurse address first while planning care? a. Fatigue b. Acute Pain c. Knowledge Deficit d. Body Image Disturbance
answer
B
question
Which statement illustrates a characteristic of goals within the care planning process? a. Goals are vague objectives communicating expectations for improvement. b. Short-term goals need not be measurable, unlike long-term goals. c. Goal attainment can be measured by identifying nursing interventions. d. Long-term goals are helpful in judging a patient's progress.
answer
D
question
Which nursing goal is written correctly for a patient with the nursing diagnosis of Risk for Infection after abdominal surgery? a. Nurse will encourage use of sterile technique during each dressing change. b. Patient's white blood count will remain within normal range throughout hospitalization. c. Patient's visitors will be instructed in proper handwashing before direct interaction with patient. d. Patient will understand the importance of cleaning around the incision with a clean cloth during bathing.
answer
B
question
If the nurse chooses the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) Appetite (1014) for a chemotherapy patient, which outcome indicators would be acceptable for evaluation of goal attainment? (Select all that apply.) a. Expressed desire to eat b. Report that food smells good c. Use of relaxation techniques before meals d. Preparation of home-cooked meals for self and family e. Uses nutritional information on labels to guide selections
answer
A, B, D
question
Which action by the nurse would be most important in developing a patient-centered plan of care for an alert, oriented adult? a. Providing a written copy of care options to the patient and family b. Collaborating with the patient's social worker to determine resources c. Listening to the patient's concerns and beliefs about proposed treatment d. Engaging the patient's family, friends, or care providers in conversation
answer
C
question
Which interventions can the nurse initiate independently while providing patient care? (Select all that apply.) a. Ordering a blood transfusion b. Auscultating lung sounds c. Monitoring skin integrity d. Applying heel protectors e. Adjusting antibiotic dosages
answer
B, C, D
question
The nurse notices that a patient is becoming short of breath and anxious. Which of the following interventions is a dependent nursing action, requiring the order of a primary care provider? a. Elevating the head of the patient's bed b. Administering oxygen by nasal cannula c. Assessing the patient's oxygen saturation d. Evaluating the patient's peripheral circulation
answer
B
question
Which situation indicates the greatest need for collaborative interventions provided by several health care team members? a. Hospice referral b. Physical assessment c. Activities of daily living d. Health history interview
answer
A
question
The Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) index is used for what purpose in the planning step? a. Provides guidance for selection of nursing interventions b. Is updated annually for accuracy c. Lists appropriate interventions for nursing diagnoses d. Is useful during the second step of the nursing process
answer
C
question
The Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) is used for what purpose in the planning step? a. State whether the outcomes are appropriate for the implementation phase b. Provide the list of standardized nursing sensitive outcome indicators c. Be utilized for risk for nursing diagnoses d. Only apply to illness-related nursing diagnoses
answer
B
question
Prioritization of nursing diagnoses requires the use of which of the following tools? a. Maslow's hierarchy of needs b. Consideration of the ABC's, airway, breathing, circulation c. Basic life support assessment tool d. Advanced life support assessment tool
answer
A
question
Inclusion of the patient in the planning process is significant due to the fact that a. inclusion of the patient in the planning increases chances of goal attainment. b. the patient is the only person who should be setting goals. c. goal attainment is dependent on the excellence of the nurses' planning with the patient. d. patient participation is nice to include but not necessarily required.
answer
A
question
The charge nurse of a cardiac unit running code situation is practicing what type of planning? a. Initial patient planning b. Acute patient planning c. Discharge patient planning d. Maintenance patient planning
answer
B
question
The nurse working in the patient discharge center is practicing what type of planning? a. Initial patient planning b. Acute patient planning c. Discharge patient planning d. Maintenance patient planning
answer
C
question
Identify physician-initiated interventions: a. Administer antibiotic intravenously twice a day. b. Enable progressive ambulation as tolerated. c. Check vital signs four times a day. d. Provide preadmission teaching.
answer
A
question
The nurse has provided home care instructions to the mother of a child who is being discharged after cardiac surgery. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further instruction? a. We are going to her cousin's birthday party tomorrow! The whole family will be there! b. I will need to keep the incision clean and dry. c. Some mild exercise with periods of rest is best. d. I can administer the pain medicine as prescribed on the label every four hours.
answer
A
question
Outcome indicators are a. broad statements that reflect the nursing diagnosis. b. established by the physician. c. used to evaluate the quality of nursing interventions. d. criteria by which goal attainment is observed or measured.
answer
D
question
Goals are set during the planning step and (Select all that apply.) a. are broad statements of purpose that describe the aim of nursing care. b. represent short- or long-term objectives. c. are realistic and measurable. d. are generated by the patient without the input of the nurse.
answer
A, B, C
question
Standards of care guide practice through (Select all that apply.) a. prudent performance of the nursing process. b. accountability. c. universal standards. d. development of the patient care plan.
answer
A, B, D
question
Identify nurse-initiated interventions: (Select all that apply.) a. ordering heel protectors for patients susceptible to skin breakdown b. consultations with social workers c. preadmission teaching d. ordering pain medication
answer
A, B, C
question
dentify the situation where collaborative interventions could be implemented: (Select all that apply.) a. physical therapy b. home health care c. palliative care d. performing surgery
answer
A, B, C
question
What should the nurse consider before implementation of all nursing interventions? (Select all that apply.) a. Potential communication barriers b. Diverse cultural practices c. Scope of nursing practice d. Functional status of the patient e. Time of most recent shift change
answer
A, B, C, D
question
Which intervention would be most important for the nurse to include in the care plan if the patient is unable to complete activities of daily living without becoming fatigued? a. Instruct the patient to shower and shave simultaneously. b. Discourage the patient from bathing while hospitalized. c. Encourage the patient to rest between bathing activities. d. Ask the patient's spouse to assist with all bathing.
answer
C
question
Which nursing intervention is most important to complete before giving medication to a patient? a. Provide water to aid in the patient's ability to swallow the medication. b. Double-check the patient's allergies before giving the drug. c. Ask the patient to verify having taken the medication before. d. Place the patient in a side-lying position to prevent aspiration.
answer
B
question
Which direct-care intervention would be most effective in helping a patient cope emotionally with a new diagnosis of cancer? a. Reassessing for changes in the patient's physical condition b. Teaching the patient various methods of stress reduction c. Referring the patient for music and massage therapy d. Encouraging the patient to explore options for care
answer
D
question
What should be taken into consideration by the nurse when deciding on interventions to include in a patient's plan of care? (Select all that apply.) a. Patient's treatment preferences b. Cultural and ethnic influences c. Professional level of expertise d. Current evidence-based research e. Convenience to the nursing staff
answer
A, B, C, D
question
Which task may the registered nurse safely delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel without prior intervention? a. Ambulating a patient with ataxia and new right-sided paresthesia b. Feeding a patient with cerebral palsy who recently aspirated c. Transporting a patient to the hospital entrance for discharge d. Administering prescribed programmed medications
answer
C
question
Which actions are a part of the evaluation step in the nursing process? (Select all that apply.) a. Recognizing the need for modifications to the care plan b. Documenting performed nursing interventions c. Determining whether the nursing interventions were completed d. Reviewing whether a patient met the short-term goal e. Identifying realistic outcomes with patient input
answer
A, D
question
Which action by the day-shift nurse provides objective data that enables the night-shift nurse to complete an evaluation of a patient's short-term goals? a. Encouraging the patient to share observations from the day b. Leaving a message with the charge nurse before the shift change c. Documenting patient assessment findings in the patient's chart d. Checking with the pharmacist regarding possible drug interactions
answer
C
question
Which notation is most appropriate for the nurse to include in a patient's chart regarding evaluation of the goal, "Patient will ambulate three times daily in the hallway before discharge without shortness of breath (SOB)"? a. Goal not met; patient states he is tired. b. Goal not met; patient ambulated three times in room. c. Goal met; patient ambulated three times in the hallway. d. Goal met; patient ambulated three times in the hallway without SOB.
answer
D
question
What is the primary purpose of quality improvement? a. Recognizing the need to discipline employees violating policies b. Preventing patient injury that may contribute to the death of others c. Increasing institutional profits to support further scientific research d. Enhancing current practice to improve patient outcomes and care
answer
D
question
The nurse seeks assistance from the speech therapist on a patient's case to determine the patient's ability to swallow food. Which care technique is utilized here? a. Indirect communication b. Collaboration c. Delegation d. Assistive contribution
answer
B
question
Which of the following is a direct care intervention? a. Reviewing the most recent clinical results from the laboratory b. Collaborating with social services regarding patient discharge plans c. Performing patient education regarding use of an incentive spirometer d. Obtaining medical records from a previous admission
answer
C
question
Documentation is a component of which part of the nursing process? a. Assessment b. Planning c. Implementation d. Evaluation
answer
C
question
Which of the following would be an inappropriate intervention for a patient with the nursing diagnosis of "Impaired Physical Mobility"? a. Use pressure relieving devices on bed and chair. b. Promote independence in performing all activities of daily living. c. Reinforce safety precautions with the patient and family. d. Perform active and passive range of motion three times daily.
answer
B
question
A patient presents to the emergency room with chest pain. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention? a. Administer acetaminophen immediately. b. Provide oxygen via nasal cannula as ordered by the physician. c. Provide emotional support. d. Prepare the patient for emergency surgery.
answer
B
question
Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the nursing process? a. Cyclical in nature and steps overlap b. Can be delegated to increase productivity c. Must be completed in an orderly sequence from beginning to end d. Should follow standard structure for all patients
answer
A
question
Which of the following is an example of collaboration? a. The nurse receiving orders from a physician b. The nurse and physical therapist creating an ambulation schedule for the patient c. The nurse arranging for discharge instructions to be provided to the patient and family d. The nurse providing the patient with a video on insulin injections
answer
B
question
Which of the following is an important component in evaluating patient outcomes and the plan of care? a. Nursing judgment and critical thinking b. Communication with the interdisciplinary team c. Implementing every intervention d. Nursing attitude
answer
A
question
Which of the following is a component of delegation? (Select all that apply.) a. Assigning the correct task b. Assigning planning in the nursing process c. Having the LPN contact the physician for orders d. Using correct supervision to the delegate e. Assigning a task under the right circumstances
answer
A, D, E
question
The nurse is caring for a patient with a pressure ulcer on his left hip. The nurse asks the patient several questions to determine how he may have gotten the pressure ulcer. Which of the Gordon's model of 11 functional health patterns should the nurse address in her assessment? Select all that apply. a. sleep-rest b. elimination c. pain and weakness d. food and fluid intake e. past medical history or family history
answer
A, B, D
question
What activities does the nurse perform during the development of an individualized care plan for a patient? Select all that apply. a. obtain objective patient data b. identify key assessment data c. formulate the nursing diagnosis d. evaluate intervention outcomes e. interview the patient and family
answer
B, C, D
question
The nurse uses nursing diagnoses while providing care for patients. What is the purpose of nursing diagnoses? Select all that apply. a. contains the medical treatment plan for the patient b. assists in the communication of the patients needs c. maintains a record of relevent patient assessments d. promotes professionalism accountability and automnomy e. communicates the health conditions being treated
answer
B, D, E
question
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. Arrange the order in which the nurse prioritizes health concerns related to chemotherapy. pain, hair loss, fever, nausea, fatigue
answer
fever, nausea, pain, fatigue, hair loss
question
A patient is anxious about an operation scheduled for the next day. The nurse identifies that the patient is anxious. Which interventions does the nurse use to decrease the patient's anxiety related to surgery? Select all that apply. a. provide detailed instructions about discharge planning b. provide satisfactory answers to the patients questions c. provide detailed instructions about the recovery process d. instruct the patient to perform ROM exercises e. provide detailed instructions about the surgical procedure
answer
B, C, E
question
Following a procedure in an isolation room, a nurse first removes eye protection and gloves, followed by removal of the mask, and then hand-washing. The nurse then comes out of the isolation room and removes the gown. Which action was performed correctly? a. removing gloves b. removing mask after gloves c. removing gown outside the isolation room d. performing hand hygiene in the isolation room
answer
C
question
A 65-year-old male patient is admitted to the hospital with severe abdominal pain. The nurse has to obtain his health history, and asks the patient various open-ended questions. Identify appropriate open-ended questions that the nurse should ask in this context. Select all that apply. a. where exactly is the pain b. tell me everything about your pain c. what do you do to relieve this pain d. tell me what problems you are facing e. what would you rate this pain on a scale of 0-10
answer
B, C, D
question
The nurse is caring for a patient after cardiac surgery. Which interventions should reduce the risk of an infectious illness? Select all that apply. a. wash hands before and after giving care b. monitor the patients temp every 4 hours c. evaluate the patients white blood count as ordered d. follow strict aseptic techniques while suctioning the patient e. encourage the patient to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises
answer
A, D, E
question
Which order should the nurse follow while applying personal protective equipment? wash hands, mask, gown, gloves, eyewear
answer
wash hands, gown, mask, eyewear, gloves
question
A 65-year-old male patient is admitted to the hospital with severe abdominal pain. The nurse has to obtain his health history. From which potential sources might the nurse obtain patient information? Select all that apply. a. patient b. family members c. previous health care provider d. medical records and data e. diagnosis that the current healthcare provider will determine
answer
A, B, D
question
A nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a patient admitted to the hospital with hypertension. Which attributes about the patient will help the nurse make a proper assessment about this patient? Select all that apply. a. nurses relevant knowledge b. nurses critical thinking attitude c. nurses prior clinical experience d. nurses relationship with patient e. advice or assistance from other nurses in the facility
answer
A, B
question
A nurse is assessing a patient who has asthma. How would the nurse arrange the steps in the correct sequence for making a nursing diagnosis? identifying the patients specific hc problems, revieing info collected about the patient, data clustering, slecting diagnostic label
answer
Review info colleect about patient, data clustering, diagnosti label, specific health conditions
question
The nurse reports to the primary health care provider about a postoperative patient's wound infection. The primary health care provider instructs the nurse to collect an initial wound drainage culture swab for culture and sensitivity. What are the reasons behind this instruction? Select all that apply. a. determine course of medications b. detemrine extent of inflammation c. determine causative microorganisms d. determine patients immune response e. determine response to current therapy
answer
A, C
question
A nurse attends to an 80-year-old patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. The patient expresses worry for the future as her condition is deteriorating day by day. The nurse replies, "You look so tense. You are a courageous lady and have the ability to tackle anything and everything." Which communication technique does the nurse use here? Select all that apply. a. hope b. humor c. empathy d. feelings e. observation
answer
A, E
question
A nurse communicates verbally with a patient. Which component of the communication process involves the method of communication? a. message b. channel c. referent d. feedback
answer
B
question
A nurse finds that a patient has sustained seizures lasting longer than 5 minutes. What strategies are included in the care plan to prevent hypoxia in this patient? Select all that apply. a. suctioning the airway b. maintaining a patient airway c. placing in prone position d. providing oxygen via nasal cannula e. inserting an oral airway
answer
A, B, D
question
Which type of interpretation errors may occur with a nursing diagnosis? Select all that apply. a. insufficine tcluster of cues b. inaccurate interpretation of cues c. failure to consider conflicting cues d. use of an insufficient number of cues e. failure to validate the nursing diagnoisis with the patient
answer
B, C, D
question
Which phase of a helping relationship involves activities such as reviewing available medical and nursing history? a. working b. orientation c. termination d. perinteraction
answer
D
question
The nurse prepares for health care provider initiated and collaborative interventions. What should the nurse do before implementing the interventions? Select all that apply. A Clarify orders. B Implement procedures as ordered by the healthcare provider. C Administer medications as ordered by the healthcare provider. D Determine whether the intervention is appropriate for the patient. E Determine if the collaboration of other care disciplines is required.
answer
A, D, E
question
The nurse has a laceration (cut) on the right hand. Which interventions should the nurse perform to prevent transmission of infection to the patient while providing care? Select all that apply. A Wear gloves before touching the patient B Wear eyewear and a mask when providing care C Disinfect the wound with alcohol before providing care D Wash the laceration with warm water before providing care E Cover injuries with an appropriate dressing after washing hands
answer
A, E
question
A patient reports having abdominal pain and vomiting for five days. In which order from the first technique to the last should the nurse perform the abdominal physical assessment? 1. Palpation 2. Inspection 3. Percussion 4. Auscultation
answer
inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
question
The nurse is assessing a patient admitted to the hospital with fever and abdominal pain. Which patient data obtained by the nurse should be considered objective data? Select all that apply. A Appearance B Temperature C Dizzy feelings D Level of pain E Blood pressure
answer
A, B, E
question
When caring for a patient, a nurse identifies factors that affect the outcomes of the treatment. To which phase of the nursing process does this nursing activity belong? 1 Planning 2 Evaluation 3 Assessment
answer
2
question
Inaccurate data collection is a source of error in diagnosis. What factors can cause errors in data collection? Select all that apply. A Missing data B Disorganization C Inaccurate data D Lack of knowledge or skill E Premature or early closure of clustering
answer
A, B, C, D
question
A 56-year-old immigrant patient has severe productive cough. The patient is diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and is placed in an isolation room. What are the possible reasons for this action? Select all that apply. A To perform a chest x-ray B To prevent the spread of infection C To provide intravenous fluids D To prevent patient's exposure to other infections E To restrict the patient's movement
answer
B, E
question
Which frameworks can help the nurse organize patient data after the interview process? Select all that apply. A Triage system B Head-to-toe model C Body systems model D Focused assessment model E Functional health patterns
answer
B, C, E
question
A patient admitted to the hospital for fever, diarrhea, and vomiting receives the lab reports. The neutrophils are 20%. The patient becomes worried and asks a nurse about it. What probable reason for reduced neutrophil count should the nurse tell the patient? 1 Sepsis 2 Allergy 3 Viral infection 4 Mild food poisoning
answer
1
question
The nurse is assessing a patient in order to understand the patient's health status. In which order, from the first technique to the last, does the nurse perform the physical assessment? 1. Palpation 2. Inspection 3. Auscultation 4. Percussion
answer
inspection, percussion, palpation, ausculation
question
What are the nursing responsibilities during the transfer of a patient from the hospital to the rehabilitation facility? Select all that apply. A Allow the health care team to access electronic patient information. B Consult with health care professionals and refer the patient to the facility. C Delegate patient care planning to unlicensed assistive personnel. D Instruct the family to coordinate with the interdisciplinary health care team. E Collaborate with pharmacists, primary care providers, and family caregivers.
answer
A, B, E
question
A nurse is planning routine care for a patient. What are the resources that will be reviewed while planning care? Select all that apply. A Consent form B Nursing literature C Standard protocols D Procedure manuals E Nursing interventions classification
answer
B, C, D, E
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