FL AP Human Geography mid term study guide – Flashcards
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human geography
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how people make places, how we organize space and society, how we interact with each other in places and across space, and how we make sense of others and ourselves in our locality, region, and world
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globalization
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set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships, and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders
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spatial
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pertaining to space on the Earth's surface; sometimes used as a synonym for geographic
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spatial distribution
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physical location of geographic phenomena across space
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five themes (of geography)
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location, human-environment, region, place, and movement
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location
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the geographical situation of people and things
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region
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an area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon
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place
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uniqueness of a location
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sense of place
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state of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character
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movement
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the mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the surface of the planet
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spatial interaction
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a condition that exists when two regions, through an exchange of raw materials and/or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other's demands
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cultural landscape
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the visible imprint of human activity on the landscape
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sequent occupance
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the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place or by labeling a place with a certain character
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reference maps
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maps that show the locations of places and geographic features
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thematic maps
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maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon
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absolute locations
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locations determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude
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relative location
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a place in relation to other human and physical features
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mental maps
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image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individual's perception, impression, and knowledge of that space
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activity spaces
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those places we travel to routinely in our rounds of daily activity
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geographic information systems (GIS)
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a collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user
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formal region
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a desert basin that is marked by severe aridity, sandy surface, and steep surrounding mountain slopes
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functional region
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the product of interactions, of movement of various kinds
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perceptual regions
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intellectual constructs designed to help us understand the nature and distribution of phenomena in human geography
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culture
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the music, literature, arts, and way of life of a society
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culture diffusion
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the process of dissemination, the spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth (source area) to other places
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time-distance decay
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the declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source
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cultural barriers
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cultures working against diffusion, certain innovations, ideas, or practices that are not acceptable or adoptable in particular cultures because of prevailing attitudes
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expansion diffusion
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an innovation or idea develops in a hearth and remains strong there while also spreading outward
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contagious diffusion
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a form of expansion diffusion in which nearly all adjacent individuals are affected
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hierarchical diffusion
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a pattern in which the main channel of diffusion is some segment of those who are susceptible to (or adopting) what is being diffused
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stimulus diffusion
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a form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place
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relocation diffusion
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the actual movement of individuals who have already adopted the idea or innovation, and who carry it to a new, perhaps distant, locale, where they proceed to disseminate it
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environmental determinism
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the view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development
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possibilism
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geographic viewpoint that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development
