Finc 489 Ch 13 Practice Problems – Flashcards
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1. A business should begin with a vision or mission statement that is consistent with the planned overall strategy.
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True
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2. The goal of any firm should be the maximization of sales.
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False
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3. Shareholder wealth is the market value of a firm's common stock.
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True
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4. The market value added measures the value created by the firm's managers.
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True
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5. Typically, a close estimate of market value added (MVA) is the market value of equity less the book value of equity.
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True
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6. The success of a business in raising funds for operations depends upon the extent that profits can be produced from operations.
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True
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7. Managerial lines of authority, legal responsibility and the allocation of income and risk are directly related to the form the organization takes.
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True
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8. Proprietorships are the most widely used form although they are generally the smallest organizations in terms of assets.
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True
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9. A weakness for a proprietorship is that owner's liability for debts of the firm is unlimited.
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True
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10. Profits from a proprietorship are taxed at the corporate income tax rates.
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False
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11. A partnership is a form of business organization when two or more people own a business operated for profit.
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True
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12. Partnership income is taxed at the partnership income tax rate.
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False
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13. Under partnership law, each partner has unlimited liability for all the debts of the firm.
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True
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14. Limited partners face liability limited to their investment in the firm, but they can participate in the operations of the firm.
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False
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15. Limited partners must take an active role in the operations of the firm.
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False
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16. The bylaws are the rules established to govern the corporation and include how the firm will be managed.
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True
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17. A limited liability company can have an unlimited number of shareholders, including other corporations.
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True
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18. All limited liability company shareholders must take active roles in managing the company.
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True
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19. Poison pills are provisions in a corporate charter that make a corporate take-over more unattractive.
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True
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20. With generally accepted accounting practices, there is one "right way" of accounting for business transactions.
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Fasle
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21. Most of accounting practice is based upon the cash concept.
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False
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22. A firm's net income over some period is the same as its cash flow.
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False
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23. The balance sheet is a statement of a company's financial position over an accounting period.
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False
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24. The current assets of a firm would be cash and other assets that are expected to be converted into cash within a year.
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True
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25. The marginal tax rate is the rate paid on the last dollar of income.
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True
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26. A corporation is a legal entity with an unending life and limited financial liability to its owners.
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True
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27. One of the important reasons corporations can accumulate large sums of capital is that they are allowed to sell capital stock.
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True
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28. Privately held corporations register shares with the Securities and Exchange Commission before selling them to shareholders.
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False
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29. If a corporation files for bankruptcy, creditors may try to get control of the personal assets of the owners of the company to collect on their debts.
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False
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30. One advantage of the corporate form of organization is the ease with which ownership may be transferred.
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True
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31. Accounting is primarily concerned with matching revenues and expenses while finance focuses on identifying cash inflows and outflows.
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True
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32. Common-size financial statements express balance sheet and income statement numbers as a percent of sales.
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false
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33. Shareholder wealth may be defined as the price of a company's stock times the number of shares outstanding.
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true
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34. Implicit agency costs do not have a direct expense associated with them, but they harm shareholders anyway.
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true
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35. The liability of all owners in both a limited liability company and a limited partnership is limited to the owners' investment in the company.
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False
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36. The most desirable form of business organization from a liquidity standpoint is a corporation.
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True
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37. The most desirable form of business organization from a liquidity standpoint is a limited liability company.
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False
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38. The most desirable form of business organization in terms of ease of start-up is a proprietorship.
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True
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39. The most desirable form of business organization in terms of ease of start-up is a corporation.
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False
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40. The balance sheet equation or accounting identity can be written as: assets equal liabilities minus owners' equity.
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False
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41. The balance sheet equation or accounting identity can be written as: assets equal liabilities plus owners' equity.
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True
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42. The goal of the firm is the maximization of profits and market share.
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False
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43. Market value added can be written as: the market value of stock minus the market value of debt plus the book value of stock minus the book value of debt.
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False
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44. Market value added can be written as: the market value of stock plus the market value of debt minus the book value of stock minus the book value of debt.
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True
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45. Agency costs are the tangible and intangible expenses borne by shareholders because of the actual or potential self-serving actions of managers; and agency costs can include explicit, out-of-pocket expenses.
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True
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46. Agency costs are the intangible expenses borne by shareholders because of the actual or potential selfserving actions of managers; they include only implicit (no cash is spent explicitly) expenses.
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False
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47. Two basic tools that can be used to reduce the consequences of managers making self-serving decisions include offering managers stock options and offering managers restricted stock.
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True
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48. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed by the U.S. Congress in response several accounting scandals.
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True
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49. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed by the U.S. Congress in response several ethical scandals.
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True
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50. Depletion is the Federal income tax term regarding allowable income tax deduction related to the exhaustion of mineral reserves.
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True
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51. Amortization spreads out the capital expenses for intangible assets over a specific period of time (usually two years) for accounting tax purposes.
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False
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52. DD may be computed for each individual property.
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True
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53. Properties cannot be aggregated on the basis of a common geological structure or stratigraphic condition.
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False
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54. Unit-of-production rates must be reviewed monthly.
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False
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55. The book value of an asset is the value at which an asset is carried on a Balance Sheet.
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True
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56. The salvage value of an asset is the estimated value the asset will have when it is sold at the end of its useful life.
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True
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57. The useful life of an asset is generally the length of time the asset will actually last.
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False
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58. The useful life of an asset is the same for all users.
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False
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59. The book value of an asset is its initial cost minus its accumulated amortization.
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True
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60. Use the reserves at the end of the year to calculate the amortization expense for the year.
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False
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1. Of the following forms of organization, which businesses are the greatest in numbers? a. proprietorships b. partnerships c. corporations d. limited partnerships
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A. Proprietorships
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2. Of the following forms of business organization, which have stockholders with limited liability? a. proprietorships b. partnerships c. corporations d. limited partnerships
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C. Corporations
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3. Computation of a firm's market value added (MVA) includes all of the components EXCEPT: a. market value of equity b. market value of debt c. book value of equity d. book value of debt e. all of the above are included
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E. All of the above are included
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4. Of the following forms of business organization, which have the advantage of limited liability but no stockholders? a. proprietorships b. partnerships c. corporations d. limited partnerships
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D. Limited partnerships
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5. Which one of the following is not a basic function of financial management? a. financial planning and analysis b. acquiring other business firms c. asset management d. raising of funds
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B. Acquiring other business firms
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6. Which of the following are considered to be major financial management functions? a. financial planning and analysis b. asset management c. raising funds d. all of the above
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D. All of the above
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7. The current liabilities of a business may include: a. notes payable b. accounts receivable c. prepaid expenses d. depreciation reserves
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A. Notes Payable
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8. For a given accounting period, which of the following is likely to represent primarily variable costs? a. cost of goods sold b. general and administrative expenses c. depreciation expense d. interest expense
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A. Cost of goods sold
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9. The actual disbursement of cash is recorded in which of the following financial statements? a. income statement b. balance sheet c. statement of cash flows d. treasurer's report
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C. Statement of cash flows
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10. Information about which accounting principles were used by the firm are included in the: a. balance sheet b. footnotes to the financial statements c. management discussion on annual report d. none of the above
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B. footnotes to the financial statements
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11. A limited liability company (LLC): a. must register with the SEC to sell securities to the public b. is an ongoing entity, even if one of the owners leaves c. has a limited number of shareholders d. all the above e. none of the above
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E. None of the above
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12. Which form of business organization has a basic weakness of raising capital? a. proprietorship b. partnership c. limited partnership d. all of the above
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D. All of the above
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13. Corporate stockholders: a. cannot have limited liability b. cannot easily transfer ownership c. cannot be subject to taxes on dividends d. can limit their liability to the amount of their investment
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D. can limit their liability to the amount of their investment
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14. The average tax rate on a corporation with $75,000 in income and a tax liability of $15,000 is: a. 15% b. 20% c. 25% d. 39%
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B. 20% 15,000/75,000=20%
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15. The term ___________ conveys a relationship of equality between the assets of the business and the sources of funds for their acquisition. a. statement of cash flows b. cash transactions statement c. income statement d. balance sheet
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D. balance sheet
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16. The notes payable of a firm may be: a. loans to other businesses b. loans from a bank c. money owed by a customer d. all of the above
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B. loans from a bank
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17. The accrued liabilities of a firm are: a. retained earnings from past years b. reflect the prepayment of certain expenses c. owners' equity in the firm d. amounts owed but not yet due
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D. Amounts owed but not yet due
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18. If a firm issues 10,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $5 and for a sales price of $15, what amount would be recorded in the capital paid-in excess of par account? a. $10,000 b. $15,000 c. $50,000 d. $100,000
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D. $100,000 10,000(15-5)=100,000
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19. What would be recorded in the common stock par value account on the balance sheet if 20,000 shares are issued at a par value of $2 and the market value is $5? a. $20,000 b. $40,000 c. $30,000 d. $60,000
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B. $40,000 20,000(2)=40,000
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20. A limited partnership is comprised of: a. only limited partners b. only general partners c. both general and limited partners d. both partners and proprietors
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C. both general and limited partners
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21. Which of the following business organizations limit the liability of some or all of their owners to the extent of their investment in the company? a. proprietorships and partnerships b. corporations and proprietorships c. limited partnerships and proprietorships d. corporations and limited partnerships
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D. Corporations and limited partnerships
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22. Which of the following business organizations do not limit the liability of some or all of their owners to the extent of their investment in the company? a. proprietorships and partnerships b. corporations and proprietorships c. limited partnerships and proprietorships d. corporations and limited partnerships
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A. proprietorships and partnerships
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23. A business organization that receives the limited liability of a corporation but is taxed as a proprietorship or partnership is called a: a. limited proprietorship b. limited partnership c. limited corporation d. S corporation
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D. S corporation
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24. Which one of the following balance sheet accounts would not be considered to be a current liability? a. account payable b. bank notes payable c. accrued liabilities d. mortgage debt
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D. mortgage debt
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25. Which of the following accounts is usually part of the owners' equity for a corporation? a. common stock b. paid-in-capital c. retained earnings d. all of the above
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D. all of the above
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26. Which of the following are required to file annual reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission? a. proprietorships b. partnerships c. public corporations d. all the above
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C. public corporations
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27. Which of the following are included in an annual report? a. balance sheet b. income statement c. statement of cash flows d. all of the above e. none of the above
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D. all of the above
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28. The three main sections of the statement of cash flows include all of the following EXCEPT: a. cash from saving b. cash from investments c. cash from operations d. cash from financing e. all are included
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A. cash from savings
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29. Net income is: a. equal to cash flow b. profits remaining after income taxes are paid c. unavailable to the owners of the business d. none of the above
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B. profits remaining after income taxes are paid
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30. Which of the following statements is false? a. Working capital represents assets needed to carry out the normal operations of the business. b. Wages payable are part of a firm's accounts payable. c. Because of accrual accounting, a firm's net income over some period is not necessarily the same as its cash flows. d. All the above statements are correct.
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B. wages payable are part of a firm's accounts payable
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31. Current liabilities would not include: a. accounts payable b. notes payable c. bonds d. accruals
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C. Bonds
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32. Owners' equity may include: a. par value of the common stock b. retained earnings c. capital paid in excess of par account d. all the above e. none of the above
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D. all of the above
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33. Which of the following would not be included on the balance sheet? a. dividends paid b. retained earnings c. capital paid in excess of par d. common stock
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A. dividends paid
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34. Which of the following would not be considered an asset? a. cash b. accounts receivable c. equipment d. accounts payable
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D. accounts payable
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35. Which of the following would not be a source of funds? a. decrease in an equity account b. increase in a liability account c. decrease in an asset account d. all the above are sources of funds
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A. decrease in an equity account
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36. Which of the following would not be a use of funds? a. increase in an asset account b. decrease in a liability account c. decrease in an equity account d. all the above are uses of funds
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D. all of the above are uses of funds
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37. Shareholder wealth is measured as: a. assets plus liabilities b. assets minus liabilities c. common stock price times number of shares outstanding d. none of the above
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C. common stock price times number of shares outstanding
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38. Market value added would equal: a. assets plus liabilities b. assets minus liabilities c. common stock price times number of shares outstanding d. none of the above
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D. none of the above
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39. Agency costs are: a. the costs of hiring managers b. assets minus liabilities c. common stock price times number of shares outstanding d. none of the above
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D. none of the above
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40. Agency costs may include: a. costs of auditing financial statements b. liability insurance for board of directors c. management perks d. all the above e. none of the above
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D. none of the above
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41. Implicit agency costs: a. will not harm shareholders b. have a direct expense associated with them c. may include restrictive covenants d. all the above e. none of the above
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C. may include restrictive covenants
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42. Cash flows from financing activities might include: a. increase in bonds payable b. increase in accounts payable c. depreciation d. all the above e. none of the above
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A. increase in bonds payable
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43. Cash flows from operating activities might include: a. net income b. increase in equity sold to investors c. dividend payment d. all the above e. none of the above
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A. net income
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44. Top finance officers in a corporation may include: a. treasurer b. chief financial officer c. controller d. all the above e. none of the above
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D. none of the above
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45. The goal of a business should be: a. maximization of the owners' wealth b. maximization of accounting profit c. maximization of sales d. maximization of assets
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A. maximization of the owners' wealth
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46. Which of the following is not considered to be one of the three major forms of business ownership in the United States? a. proprietorship b. partnership c. public limited company d. corporation
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C. public limited company
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47. Under which one of the following business organizations do the owners have unlimited liability for all debts of the firm? a. partnership b. limited partnership c. corporation d. subchapter S corporation
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A. partnership
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48. The corporate form of organization is recognized in many countries. Which one of the following does not designate a corporation? a. Inc. b. PLC c. AG d. SEC
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D. SEC
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49. For corporations, the principal-agent relationship usually refers to the relationship between: a. buyers-sellers b. owners-managers c. manager-customer d. owner-bankers
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B. Owners-managers
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50. Which one of the following alternatives is commonly used to reduce agency problems as they relate to corporate control? a. stock options b. higher salaries c. larger perquisites ("perks") d. less restrictive accountability requirements
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A. stock options
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51. Generally accepted accounting principles are formulated by the: a. Securities and Exchange Commission b. Financial Accounting Standards Board c. Federal Trade Commission d. General Accounting Office
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B. Financial Accounting Standards Board
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52. Which one of the following financial statements shows a relationship between assets and liabilities plus owners' equity? a. income statement b. statement of cash flows c. balance sheet d. statement of retained earnings
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C. balance sheet
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53. All of the following forms of organization are taxed at the owners' personal tax rate EXCEPT: a. proprietorship b. LLC c. subchapter S corporation d. partnership e. all of the above assess taxes at the owners' personal rate
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E. all of the above assess taxes at the owners' personal rate
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54. Which of the following forms of organization has an unlimited life? a. proprietorship b. LLC c. subchapter S corporation d. corporation e. corporation and subchapter S corporation
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E. corporation and sub-chapter S corporation
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55. The financial statement that provides a snapshot view of the financial condition of a business at a point in time is the: a. balance sheet b. income statement c. statement of cash flows d. statement of retained earnings
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A. balance sheet
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56. Which of the following is a source of cash? a. a decrease in an asset account b. a decrease in a liability account c. a decrease in an equity account d. none of the above
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A. a decrease in an asset account
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57. Which of the following is a use of cash? a. an increase in an asset account b. an increase in a liability account c. an increase in an equity account d. none of the above
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A. an increase in an asset account
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58. A statement that expresses the income statement items as a percent of total sales is called: a. a percentage of sales income statement b. a cross-sectional income statement c. a common size income statement d. a ratio based income statement e. none of the above
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C. a common size income statement
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59. The rule-setting body, which authorizes generally accepted accounting principles is: a. GAAP b. FASB c. SEC d. Federal Reserve System e. none of the above
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B. FASB
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60. Accounting practices and procedures used to prepare financial statements are called: a. GAAP b. FASB c. SEC d. Federal Reserve System e. none of the above
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A. GAAP
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61. The U.S. federal government body that receives corporations' annual reports is the: a. IRS b. FRS c. SEC d. FBI e. none of the above
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C. SEC
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62. Financial statements that must be included in the annual report include the: a. income statement b. balance sheet c. statement of cash flows d. all of the above e. none of the above
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D. all of the above
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63. Financial statements that must be included in the annual report include all of the following EXCEPT: a. the income statement b. the balance sheet c. the statement of cash flows d. the cash budget e. all of the above must be included
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D. the cash budget
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64. On the balance sheet, total assets minus net fixed assets equals: a. current assets b. current liabilities c. gross fixed assets d. total assets e. none of the above
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A. current assets
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65. On the income statement, gross profit is defined as: a. operating profits minus operating expenses b. gross profit minus operating expenses c. sales revenue minus cost of goods sold d. sales revenue minus operating expenses e. none of the above
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C. Sales revenue minus cost of goods sold
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66. On the income statement, gross profit is defined as: a. operating profits minus operating expenses b. gross profit minus operating expenses c. sales revenue minus total expenses d. sales revenue minus operating expenses e. none of the above
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E. none of the above
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67. On the income statement, operating income is defined as: a. operating profits minus selling, general, and administrative expense b. gross profit minus selling, general, and administrative expense and depreciation c. sales revenue minus cost of goods sold d. sales revenue minus operating expenses e. none of the above
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B. gross profit minus selling, general, and administrative expense and depreciation
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68. On the income statement, net income (profit) after tax is generally defined as: a. operating income minus operating expenses b. operating income minus cost of goods sold c. operating income minus interest d. operating income minus interest minus taxes
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D. operating income minus interest minus taxes
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69. On the income statement, net income (profit) after tax is generally defined as: a. operating income minus operating expenses b. operating income minus cost of goods sold c. operating income minus interest d. operating income minus total expenses e. none of the above
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E. none of the above
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70. All of the following accounts are considered to be current assets on the balance sheet except: a. cash b. accruals c. accounts receivable d. inventory e. none of the above
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B. accruals
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71. All of the following accounts are considered to be current assets on the balance sheet except: a. cash b. short-term investments or marketable securities c. land d. inventory e. all of the above are current assets
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C. land
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72. All of the following accounts are considered to be fixed assets on the balance sheet except: a. buildings b. equipment c. plant d. machinery e. all of the above are fixed assets
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E. all of the above are fixed assets
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73. All of the following accounts are considered to be fixed assets on the balance sheet except: a. buildings b. equipment c. depreciation d. machinery e. all of the above are fixed assets
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C. depreciation
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74. All of the following accounts are considered to be current liabilities on the balance sheet except: a. accounts receivable b. accounts payable c. accruals d. notes payable e. all of the above are current liabilities
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A. Accounts receivable
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75. All of the following accounts are considered to be current liabilities on the balance sheet except: a. depreciation b. accounts payable c. accruals d. notes payable e. all of the above are current liabilities
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A. depreciation
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76. On the balance sheet, retained earnings represents a. net profits for the current year b. net profits for the current year minus preferred stock dividends c. cash reinvested in fixed assets to support growth d. the cumulative total of earnings reinvested in the firm. e. none of the above
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D. the cumulative total of earnings reinvested in the firm
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77. On the balance sheet, retained earnings represents a. net profits for the current year b. net profits for the current year minus preferred stock dividends c. cash reinvested in fixed assets to support growth d. the total of earnings reinvested in the firm for the current year e. none of the above
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E. none of the above
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78. Suppose Ningbo Steel had sales revenue of $10,000, cost of goods sold of $5,000, operating expenses of $3000, interest expense of $1,000, a tax rate of 20%, and 1,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Based on this information, net income (profit) after tax was: (Pick the closest answer.) a. $1,200 b. $1,000 c. $800 d. $400 e. none of the above
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C. $800
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79. Suppose Ningbo Steel had sales revenue of $11,000, cost of goods sold of $5,000, operating expenses of $3000, interest expense of $1,000, a tax rate of 20%, and 1,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Based on this information, net income (profit) after tax was: (Pick the closest answer.) a. $1,600 b. $1,000 c. $500 d. $0 e. none of the above
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A. $1,600 11,000-5,000-3,000-1,000=2,000 2,000(0.2)=400 2,000-400=1,600
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80. Suppose Ningbo Steel had sales revenue of $10,000, cost of goods sold of $5,000, operating expenses of $3000, interest expense of $1,000, a tax rate of 20%, and 2,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Based on this information, earnings per share was: (Pick the closest answer.) a. $1.20 b. $1.00 c. $0.80 d. $0.40 e. none of the above
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D. 0.40 10,000-5,000-3,000-1,000=1,000 1,000(0.2)=200 1,000-200=800 800/2,000=0.40/share
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81. Suppose Ningbo Steel had sales revenue of $11,000, cost of goods sold of $5,000, operating expenses of $3000, interest expense of $1,000, a tax rate of 20%, and 2,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Based on this information, earnings per share was: (Pick the closest answer.) a. $1.20 b. $1.00 c. $0.80 d. $0.08 e. none of the above
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C. 0.80 11,000-5,000-3,000-1,000=2,000 2,000(0.2)=400 1,000-400=1,600 1,600/2,000=0.80
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82. Paid-in-capital in excess of par represents: a. the net proceeds from the original sale of stock b. the proceeds in excess of par value from the original sale of stock c. the current market value of the stock d. the current book value of the stock e. none of the above
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B. the proceeds in excess of par value
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83. Paid-in-capital in excess of par represents: a. the proceeds from the original sale of stock less its par value b. the proceeds from resale of treasury stock less its par value c. the current market value of the stock less what investors paid for it d. the current book value of the stock less what investors paid for it e. none of the above
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A. the proceeds from the original sale of the sock less its par value
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84. ABC Inc. had year end 2014 and 2015 retained earnings balances of $5,000,000 and $6,000,000 respectively. The firm paid $100,000 of dividends in 2015. Based on this information, ABC Inc.'s net income (profit) after taxes in 2015 was: (Pick the closest answer.) a. $100,000 b. $900,000 c. $1,000,000 d. $1,100,000 e. none of the above
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D. 1,100,000 6,000,000-5,000,000=1,000,000 1,000,000+100,000=1,100,000
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85. ABC Inc. had year end 2014 and 2015 retained earnings balances of $6,000,000 and $6,600,000 respectively. The firm paid $20,000 of dividends in 2015. Based on this information, ABC Inc.'s net profit after taxes in 2015 was: (Pick the closest answer.) a. $200,000 b. $600,000 c. $620,000 d. $6,200,000 e. none of the above
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C. $620,000 6,600,000-6,000,000=600,000 600,000+20,000=620,000
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86. The _______________ established the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). a. Smoot-Hawley Act b. Sarbanes-Oxley Act c. Gram-Harkins Act d. McKean-Obama Act e. none of the above
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B. Sarbanes-Oxley Act
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87. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act established this entity. . a. Auditing Commission b. Accounting Accuracy Board c. FASB d. SEC e. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
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E. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
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88. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was designed to: a. limit the compensation that could be paid to CEOs. b. eliminate the many disclosure and conflict of interest problems of corporations c. provide uniform international accounting standards d. two of the above e. none of the above
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B. eliminate the many disclosure and conflict of interest problems of corporations
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89. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was designed to: a. limit the compensation that could be paid to CEOs. b. increase the number of independent directors on corporate Boards. c. provide uniform international accounting standards d. two of the above e. none of the above
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B. increase in the number of independent directors on corporate boards
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90. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) is a. a not-for-profit corporation that oversees auditors of public corporations b. a not-for-profit corporation that oversees managers of public corporations c. a for-profit corporation that oversees auditors of public corporations d. a not-for-profit corporation that oversees CEOs of public corporations e. a for-profit corporation that oversees CEOs of public corporations
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A. a not-for-profit corporation that oversees auditors of public corporations