question

The ideology of progressivism, insofar as it had one, generally

answer

mixed a liberal concern for the poor with a conservative wish to control social disorder.

question

McClure's magazine pioneered a new style of journalism featuring writers like Lincoln Steffens who

answer

presented carefully researched exposés of corporate and government abuses.

question

Journalists who exposed corruption in government and industry were called

answer

muckrakers.

question

A popular new way of thinking called pragmatism asked the question,

answer

"Does it work?"

question

The belief that laws are to be interpreted according to experience and the needs of a changing society is best described as

answer

sociological jurisprudence.

question

What was the subject of the Keating-Owen Act?

answer

child labor

question

Margaret Sanger worked to provide women with information about

answer

birth control.

question

What was the key difference between Alice Paul's Congressional Union and the activities of the National American Woman Suffrage Association?

answer

The Congressional Union was more militant in its tactics.

question

On the issue of racial discrimination, progressives generally

answer

ignored the question altogether.

question

W.E.B. Du Bois

answer

called on the "talented tenth" to publicly oppose segregation, disenfranchisement, and discrimination.

question

The new science called ________ gave respectability to the idea that new immigrants to the U.S. were biologically inferior.

answer

eugenics

question

For the most part, how did progressives respond to an increase in the number of immigrants?

answer

They stressed Americanization programs.

question

Based on the attitudes that progressives had toward immigration, alcohol consumption, prostitution, and racial discrimination, what can you conclude about who constituted the progressives?

answer

The progressives were a diverse group with sometimes conflicting positions.

question

Why was Theodore Roosevelt's intervention in the 1902 anthracite coal strike important?

answer

It showed that he would intervene on behalf of labor, as well as management.

question

Theodore Roosevelt saw government's role in implementing the "Square Deal" as

answer

mediation.

question

What is an accurate comparison of the two competing brands of political progressivism in the 1912 presidential campaign (Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" and Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom")?

answer

The New Nationalism accepted concentrations of capital, labor, and government; the New Freedom stressed competitiveness among small business and reduced government power.

question

Many historians consider it the most important reform of the early-twentieth century because it established the means for expanded federal action. It was

answer

the Sixteenth Amendment permitting graduated income taxes.

question

In 1913 a compromise was reached regarding the regulation of banking and this compromise was codified in the

answer

Federal Reserve Act.

question

In the nineteenth century, the primary revenue source for the federal government was

answer

Woodrow Wilson's executive style was different than Theodore Roosevelt's in that Wilson

question

The "Brandeis Brief," as innovated by Louis Brandeis in the case of Muller v. Oregon, was notable for what quality?

answer

It favored factual evidence over legal precedent.

question

As a disciple of Emmeline Pankhurst, what was Alice Paul's chief contribution to the woman suffrage movement?

answer

importing the militancy of the English woman suffrage movement to the United States

question

In response to widespread racial discrimination, W.E.B. Du Bois

answer

called on the elite "talented tenth" of the African-American community to assume leadership in the struggle for civil rights.

question

Woodrow Wilson's executive style was different than Theodore Roosevelt's in that Wilson

answer

shaped policy and legislation to a greater degree.

question

Under the Roosevelt Corollary, the U.S.

answer

justified intervention in the internal affairs of Caribbean countries.

question

Robert La Follette's progressive program became synonymous with which state, which he governed from 1901 to 1906?

answer

Wisconsin

question

Which progressive reform allowed citizens to vote directly to enact or repeal laws?

answer

the referendum

question

With regard to race relations, President Roosevelt did all the following except

answer

exonerate black troops unjustly accused of "shooting up" Brownsville, Texas.

question

Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle played a significant role in advancing what reform?

answer

regulation of the food industry

question

What was the cornerstone of Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom?

answer

opposing bigness in business and government alike

question

The accomplishments of the Wilson administration included all the following except

answer

the racial integration of federal offices.

question

Which of the following statements about eugenics is least accurate?

answer

It was a fringe movement that obtained little popular attention or support.

question

Taft's dollar diplomacy was intended to accomplish all of the following except

answer

promote American corporate interests overseas through the use of armed force.

question

Dollar diplomacy failed in the Caribbean because

answer

it was linked closely with unpopular regimes, banks, and corporations.

question

Taft's efforts in dollar diplomacy in Asia resulted in which of the following?

answer

Southern Chinese provinces rebelling against foreign intrusion and overthrowing the monarchy.

question

Wilson added which of the following to the principles of American diplomacy?

answer

a missionary commitment to spreading his system of beliefs across the world

question

How did Wilson use missionary diplomacy to gain headway in Nicaragua, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic?

answer

He sent troops to protect U.S. interests.

question

Wilson's commitment to neutrality in the World War stemmed from his profound conviction that

answer

a neutral United States could lead the warring nations to a "peace without victory."

question

Why was the sinking of the Lusitania a turning point in America entering the war?

answer

Wilson issued an order to the attacker, Germany, which, if not followed, would lead the U.S. into entering the war.

question

The inflammatory Zimmerman Telegram proposed that in the event of war between the U.S. and Germany

answer

Mexico would attack the U.S.

question

Which event was most important in causing Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress for a declaration of war?

answer

the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany

question

Why was Germany so maligned during discussions at Versailles?

answer

People felt Germany was to blame for everything.

question

What did Wilson hope to achieve with the League of Nations?

answer

Countries bound to respect and protect each other and isolate aggressors.

question

The Treaty of Versailles never received Senate ratification because

answer

Wilson refused to compromise with Republicans who opposed the treaty.

question

Why were legislators like Henry Cabot Lodge opposed to Wilson's proposal for a League of Nations?

answer

They wanted to preserve American sovereignty in foreign affairs.

question

Why were Americans so concerned about radicalism following World War I?

answer

Terrorist activity and postwar strikes created chaos.

question

Under the "Roosevelt Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine, the United States

answer

claimed for itself the right to police the internal affairs of other American nations.

question

As part of Roosevelt's "gentlemen's agreement," what did Japan receive in return for a promise to block future Japanese immigration to the United States?

answer

an end to the segregation of Japanese students in San Francisco schools

question

The Central Powers and their allies in World War I consisted of all the following except

answer

Russia

question

Wilson's initial commitment to neutrality in World War I stemmed from his conviction that the United States

answer

could lead the warring nations to a "peace without victory" if it remained neutral.

question

Although Wilson suffered numerous setbacks in the negotiations that led to the Treaty of Versailles, he did succeed in

answer

creating a dozen new states on the basis of national self-determination.

question

The roaring economy of the 1920s involved all of the following except

answer

a revolution in labor relations, marked by new growth in the size and influence of labor unions.

question

Henry Ford's great contribution to modern industrial culture was

answer

his commitment to standardization and assembly-line mass production.

question

The advertising industry

answer

shifted during the 1920s from emphasizing products to stressing a consumer's desires.

question

Why did employers' groups implement welfare capitalism as part of their American Plan (1921)?

answer

They sought to increase production.

question

Changes in attitudes toward women in the 1920s

answer

resulted primarily from changes caused by World War I.

question

Marcus Garvey called for African Americans to do all of the following except

answer

pursue racial integration.

question

The renaissance in African American culture in Harlem resulted in

answer

All of these answers are correct.

question

What legacy might Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association have had?

answer

It caused many African Americans to embrace black nationalism.

question

What propelled the "culture wars" between traditionalists and proponents of modern city life?

answer

All of these answers are correct.

question

The National Origins Acts of 1921 and 1924 cut down the number of immigrants by

answer

capping the total number and limiting the entry of immigrants.

question

Which of the following groups generally supported the Prohibition movement?

answer

All of these answers are correct.

question

There was renewed interest in the KKK because

answer

the Klan reflected the insecurities of the New Era.

question

Speculation, which had taken over the stock market, was troubling to financial analysts because it

answer

was based on expectations that weren't always realistic.

question

The Great Crash

answer

damaged the economy and broke the unbounded optimism of the New Era.

question

Overexpansion negatively affected business by the end of the 1920s because

answer

the demand for goods decreased, which meant that inventories climbed and companies lost money.

question

Coolidge's administration contributed to the economic problems by

answer

allowing big business to operate unchecked.

question

Unemployment was a sign of a troubled economy because it showed that

answer

companies suffered from overexpansion, reduced demand, and weak management.

question

All the following were factors contributing to the booming economy of the 1920s except

answer

shrinking personal debt.

question

Developments in the 1920s economy included all the following except the

answer

growing strength, size, and influence of independent labor unions.

question

Whose transatlantic solo flight made him one of the most renowned celebrities of the 1920s?

answer

Charles Lindbergh

question

Marcus Garvey, Claude McKay, and Zora Neale Hurston were representative of the

answer

growing assertiveness and racial pride of black Americans.

question

Traditionalists who resisted the changes of the 1920s were most likely to oppose

answer

religious pluralism.

question

The immigrants coming to the United States in the immediate aftermath of World War I were least likely to come from which of the following regions?

answer

Northwestern Europe

question

One of several factors that contributed to the bull market of the 1920s was the

answer

increased availability of money and credit.

question

The Great Depression resulted from all the following factors except the

answer

inability of factories to produce enough goods to meet consumer demands.

question

Radio bound the country together because

answer

people could listen to the same programs, no matter where they lived.

question

Movie studios lured viewers into movie houses during the Great Depression by

answer

showing movies that preserved traditional values and middle-class morality.

question

LULAC, or the League of United Latin American Citizens, aimed to do all of the following except

answer

include ethnic Mexicans.

question

What was the most important effect of the Dust Bowl?

answer

It caused a flood of migrants from the Great Plains to the West.

question

Roosevelt turned his attention to saving the banks first because

answer

the Brains Trust believed that it was the first step to economic solvency.

question

The purpose of Roosevelt's work programs was to

answer

get people working again as well as make a difference in the community.

question

Roosevelt dealt with big business by

answer

instituting planning that would boost industrial activity and consumer spending.

question

New Deal planning for agriculture and industry depended primarily on

answer

private interests.

question

One of the reasons there was dissent from the New Deal was that

answer

All of these answers are correct.

question

One of Roosevelt's biggest pushes during the Second Hundred Days was to

answer

get more Americans working through the Works Progress Administration.

question

The Social Security Act aimed to

answer

help those who could not help themselves, as well as retirees and those who lost their jobs.

question

Roosevelt's reelection in 1936 was due in large part to the fact that

answer

he stood up for those at the bottom of the economic ladder.

question

While women experienced many benefits of the New Deal, government insisted that women

answer

needed to be protected more than they needed to be employed.

question

One way that workers challenged the "business as usual" stance in industry in the 1930s was to

answer

organize "sit-down strikes" in the factories and refuse to work.

question

Why did a black majority vote Democratic in the election of 1934?

answer

Despite discrimination, the New Deal helped many African Americans.

question

Why did union membership grow so precipitously over the course of the 1930s?

answer

Government support for unions allowed organization of unskilled workers to flourish.

question

The ultimate outcome of Roosevelt's court-packing plan was that

answer

the plan was defeated, but the Supreme Court became more favorable to New Deal legislation.

question

One economic tactic, advocated by economist John Maynard Keynes, that might have led the United States more quickly out of the Depression was

answer

for the government to increase spending and continue running deficits.

question

The New Deal legacy included all of the following except

answer

bringing an end to the Great Depression.

question

One of the most important results of the New Deal was that

answer

Americans knew that in hard times, the government would come to their aid.

question

The Roosevelt coalition that took shape during the Great Depression tied all the following factions to the Democratic Party except

answer

big business.

question

During the Great Depression, radio programs and movies tended to

answer

celebrate traditional values and middle-class morality.

question

Migrants uprooted by the Dust Bowl generally sought economic opportunities in which state?

answer

California

question

The defining characteristic of the New Deal was

answer

pragmatic experimentation.

question

To preserve America's banks, the government adopted all the following measures except

answer

nationalizing the banking system.

question

Through the Good Neighbor policy the United States

answer

shifted to using its economic influence as a lever in the region.

question

What fundamental issue divided internationalists and isolationists?

answer

how much to cooperate with and form alliances with other countries

question

The aim of the Neutrality Act of 1935 was to

answer

prohibit the sale of arms by U.S. businesses to all belligerents in time of war.

question

What were the cash-and-carry policy and lend-lease policy designed to achieve?

answer

to help the Allies while preserving official neutrality

question

The Allies decided that Germany was the primary target because

answer

Germany posed a greater threat to its neighbors and beyond.

question

One of the decisive battles in the Pacific was the

answer

Battle of Midway.

question

Women's roles during the war included all of the following except

answer

combat nurses.

question

Many big corporations worked for the war cause by

answer

manufacturing planes, ships, and tanks.

question

The War Labor Board had the power to make peace between business and labor by

answer

imposing arbitration in any labor dispute.

question

For African Americans, World War II

answer

created an improved job situation more because of labor shortages than because of government action.

question

What happened to the New Deal during the war?

answer

An anti-New Deal coalition moved to end many New Deal programs, and the president adapted to the new political environment.

question

Why was Executive Order 8802 and its enforcement mechanism of the FEPC so important?

answer

It gave government support for equal hiring practices.

question

The Allies were successful in their invasion of Normandy because

answer

Hitler thought they were arriving at a different location and delayed sending troops to Normandy.

question

All of the following are true about the Big Three's views on postwar Europe except

answer

Churchill was in favor of an international agency to preserve peace.

question

The key agreements made at the Yalta Conference can be described as

answer

a series of compromises and concessions made by the United States to ensure Soviet cooperation.

question

The Nye Committee of 1935 reached the conclusion that

answer

bankers and munitions makers had benefited handsomely from World War I and may have pushed the United States into that war.

question

The policy of "appeasement" became infamous after British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain agreed to the Munich Pact in 1938; this pact allowed Nazi Germany to occupy what region?

answer

the Sudetenland

question

By the end of the summer of 1940, Germany had conquered all the following countries except

answer

Britain.

question

Which of the following statements about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is false?

answer

It resulted in the destruction of almost all the Pacific Fleet's vital aircraft carriers.

question

Which of the following factors was not a reason why Axis victory seemed likely at summer's end in 1942?

answer

Brutal occupation policies broke the will of conquered peoples who showed little willingness or ability to resist.

question

An important source of friction among Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt was

answer

the slowness that Roosevelt and Churchill took before opening an effective second front against Germany.

question

The wartime mobilization of the economy evidenced all the following features except

answer

a shift of industrial production from the Pacific to the Southeast.

question

The primary goal of the Manhattan Project was to create a(n)

answer

atomic bomb before German scientists could do so.

question

With regard to labor, World War II witnessed all the following developments except

answer

a revolution in attitudes about gender whereby most Americans rejected the idea that a woman's primary responsibility was childrearing.

question

At Tehran and Yalta, which issue most divided Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt and paved the way for future conflict?

answer

the postwar fate of Germany and the states neighboring the Soviet Union

EXAM 3 ch 22,23,24,25,26 – Flashcards

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