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Americans' belief in freedom is defined as

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freedom from restraint by the government

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Ideas of political change and challenges to British ideology were largely a result of American acceptance of the political ideas of

answer

John Locke

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A major principle of American government in which each of the three branches is given the means to restrain the actions of the others ("ambition must be made to counteract ambition") is known as

answer

Checks and Balances

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Which of the following was not an important factor in getting the Constitution written and ratified?

answer

3/5 Clause and Fugitive Slave Clause, Federalist Papers, Bill of Rights, and the Great Compromise

question

The Federalists believed that the human tendencies toward ambition and corruption should be dealt with by

answer

creating institutions that made use of those characteristics to produce good outcomes

question

The British government imposed taxes that the colonists resented in order to

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pay for the debt created by the French and Indian War

question

A modern example of a con-federal system is

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The European Union

question

The colonists did not believe in virtual representation because they believed in the concept of

answer

popular sovereignty

question

The difference between the Native American view of property and the European view of property was that

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Native Americans believed in communal property, whereas the Europeans believed in private property

question

Shays's rebellion demonstrated

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the frustration of debtors in the wake of the Revolutionary War

question

In Federalist No. 10, James Madison warned against the dangers of

answer

factions

question

The major immigration issue of today involves how to

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treat the 12 million illegal immigrants living and working in the United States

question

The key concept of the pluralist theory of democracy is

answer

groups

question

In authoritarian systems _________, whereas in nonauthoritarian systems _________.

answer

government makes substantive decisions about how people ought to live their lives; government merely guarantees that there are fair rules and leaves the rest to individual control

question

_________________ classic pamphlet, Common Sense, presented rousing arguments in favor of American independence

answer

Thomas Paine's

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The Tea Party movement is important to examine in light of the politics of the American founding because

answer

it highlights the tension between government authority and individual rights of citizens

question

According to the text, why do some observers claim there is a crisis in American citizenship?

answer

Civic virtue is taking second place to self-interest as a guiding principle of citizenship

question

Why do many Americans find it difficult to identify themselves as a conservative or a liberal?

answer

Because they consider themselves liberal on some issues and conservative on other issues

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According to the text, "liberals" are people who believe in the widespread use of government power for

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reducing economic inequality

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The broad pattern of ideas, beliefs, and values about citizens and government held by a population is known as its

answer

political culture

question

What are the competing views of citizenship that exist today in the United States?

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One view holds that individual participation in government should be limited because human nature is overly self-interested, whereas the other view places faith in the citizen's ability to act virtuously

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Under the Articles of Confederation, the rights and obligations of citizens were

answer

determined by each state constitution

question

Which of the following countries is an advanced industrial democracy?

answer

The United States

question

Compared with most countries, in the United States the range of the ideological spectrum is

answer

narrower because of our shared political culture

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According to the Federalists, the advantage of federalism over a confederation was that it

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divides power between the federal and state governments

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Direct democracy is a political system in which

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All citizens are involved in all policy decisions

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Which of the following reflects the type of economic system found in the United States?

answer

Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

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The legal process of acquiring citizenship for a person who was not born a U.S. citizen is known as

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naturalization

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The _________________ clause makes the Constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws

answer

Supremacy

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In Federalist No. 51, what government structure did James Madison recommend to ensure "ambition...be made to counteract ambition"?

answer

A bicameral legislature

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In socialist economies, control over economic decisions is exercised by

answer

the government

question

Which of the following best reflects the contradiction within the new citizenship of the early American republic?

answer

A belief in citizenship conferring equal rights but the unavailability of this citizenship to a major portion of the population

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The significance of The Federalist Papers is that

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without them New York might not have ratified the Constitution

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What are the most basic obligations of citizens in a democracy?

answer

To obey the law

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The central goal of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention was to

answer

increase the power of the national government

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________ can be described as a system or an organization for exercising authority over a body of people

answer

Government

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The Great Compromise

answer

established a legislature with equal state representation in the Senate, and representation by state population in the House

question

Americans tend to equate democracy with

answer

fairness

question

Individuals who come to the United States seeking asylum are known as

answer

refugees

question

The importance of political culture is that it

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reduces conflict in society

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Under the Articles of Confederation, the central governing body was

answer

The Congress

question

A political system in which the state holds all power over the social order is

answer

authoritarian government

question

If a state has 34 representatives in the U.S. House, then it would have how many total electoral votes?

answer

36

question

The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service was moved from the Justice Department to the Department of Homeland Security because

answer

security issues have come to play a more central role in determining who may enter the country

question

To justify the Revolution to the colonists, Thomas Jefferson included in the Declaration of Independence all of the following EXCEPT

answer

the argument that monarchy is illegitimate

question

Politics is defined in your text as

answer

who gets what, when, and how

question

The absence of government and laws is a characteristic of

answer

anarchy

question

Compared with the situation in most other Western democracies, voter turnout in American elections is

answer

much lower

question

To gain the necessary support for ratification of the new Constitution after it had been sent to the states, the Federalists finally promised to add

answer

A Bill of Rights

question

According to the text, "conservatives" are people who believe in the widespread use of government power for

answer

increasing the protection of private property

question

Jus soli is the legal principle that defines citizenship by the right by

answer

the soil

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When those in government exercise power recognized by citizens as right and proper, they are exercising

answer

authority

question

The United States' representative democracy is based on

answer

majority rule and the consent of the governed

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Individuals born in the United States are American citizens, even if their parents are not, following the principle of

answer

jus soli

question

The science of collecting, organizing, and interpreting numerical data is called

answer

statistics

question

John Locke's political philosophy nicely fit the needs of the colonial leaders because it

answer

contained both a theory of revolution and a theory of constitutional government

question

According to James Madison, the effects of factions are best managed by

answer

a large republic

question

One of the reasons that the founders did not give too much political influence to ordinary citizens was

answer

the founders had relatively low expectations of the ordinary citizen

question

In the relationship between politics and government

answer

politics is the process or activity through which power is gained and lost, whereas government is a system for exercising authority over a body of people.

question

Early colonists came to America

answer

for a wide range of economic and political agendas as well as for religious and philosophical reasons

question

The doctrine that society is based on an agreement between government and the governed in which people agree to give up some rights in exchange for the protection of others is called

answer

social contract theory

question

The Enlightenment led to the theory that government is based on

answer

a social contract

question

According to some elite theorists of democracy, low American voter turnout would be best illustrated by which of the following statements?

answer

Decisions are made by leaders, so voter participation in elections doesn't matter

question

Political culture tends to unite society because

answer

most citizens believe the ideas that make up their culture are true

question

The way the founders treated slavery in the Constitution indicated that

answer

slavery was such a divisive issue they did not dare to mention it directly in the Constitution

question

There are currently around __________ illegal immigrants in the United States

answer

12 million

question

The founding fathers fear or distrust of equality (belief that the common man really was not capable of governing) is seen many places in the Constitution. Which of the following showed belief in the common man's ability to govern himself

answer

Selection of the House of Representatives

question

The market controls economic decisions in a __________ economy

answer

capitalist

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