Europe Physical Geography Notes – Flashcards
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Europe is a large ____________
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peninsula
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Define peninsula
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A peninsula is a body of land that is surrounded by water on 3 sides.
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What is the North European Plain?
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The North European Plain is a flat area that extends from France through the Netherlands, Germany, Poland and into Russia.
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The North European Plain has a very good soil called __________.
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Chernozem
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Chernozem
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the rich black topsoil found in the North European Plain, especially in Russia and Ukraine
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Name Europe's 5 major peninsulas.
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1. Scandinavian Peninsula 2. Jutland 3. Iberian Peninsula 4. Italian Peninsula 5. Balkan Peninsula
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Where is the Scandinavian Peninsula and what countries are part of it?
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The Scandinavian Peninsula is in Northern Europe. Norway, Sweden, and part of Finland are on the Scandinavian Peninsula.
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Name 4 seas that surround the Scandinavian Peninsula.
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1. Barents Sea 2. Baltic Sea 3. Norwegian Sea 4. North Sea
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Define fiord
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A fiord is a steep, narrow, u-shaped valley that is carved out by a glacier.
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Where are fiords found?
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Fiords are found in Norway on the Scandinavian Peninsula. This area had glaciers in it during the ice age.
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What country is on Jutland?
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Denmark is on Jutland.
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Name the 2 countries that make up the Iberian Peninsula.
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Portugal and Spain are in the Iberian Peninsula.
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_______ is on the Italian Peninsula.
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Italy is on the Italian Peninsula.
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Name 3 seas that surround the Balkan Peninsula.
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1. Adriatic Sea 2. Aegean Sea 3. Black Sea
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Define strategic waterway
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A strategic waterway is a narrow body of water on an important transportation route or sea lane.
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Name 3 strategic waterways.
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1. The English Channel 2. The Strait of Gibraltar 3. ________________
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What waterway separates the island of Great Britain from France?
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The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from France.
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What is the narrowest point of the English Channel?
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The narrowest point of the English Channel is the Strait of Dover, which is 21 miles wide.
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What is the name of the tunnel that runs underneath the English Channel and connects Britain to France?
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The Chunnel is a tunnel that runs underneath the English Channel.
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The Chunnel runs underneath the ________ ________ and connects Britain to __________.
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The Chunnel runs underneath the English Channel and connects Britain to France.
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What two bodies of water does the Strait of Gibraltar connect?
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The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea.
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The Strait of Gibraltar separates what 2 Continents?
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The Strait of Gibraltar separates Europe from Africa.
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How wide is the narrowest part of the Strait of Gibraltar?
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The narrowest part of the Strait of Gibraltar is 8 miles wide.
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What 2 straits separate Europe from Asia Minor (Turkey)?
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The Bosporus and the Dardanelle separate Europe from Asia Minor (Turkey).
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Part of Turkey is located in Europe and the other part is located in what continent?
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The other part of Turkey is located in Asia.
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Name 3 islands in Northern Europe.
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Great Britain, Ireland, and Iceland
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What are the 2 countries that make up the archipelago called the British Isles?
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Great Britain and Ireland
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What is the name of the country located on Great Britain and Ireland?
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The United Kingdom is the country located on Great Britain.
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What 4 countries make up the United Kingdom?
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1. England 2. Wales 3. Scotland 4. Northern Ireland
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Name 4 islands in the Mediterranean Sea.
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1. Sicily 2. Corsica 3. Sardinia 4. Crete
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What 4 countries are the Alps located in?
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The Alps are located in Northern Italy, Switzerland, Austria, and France.
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What is the tallest mountain in the Alps?
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Mont Blanc (15, 774ft)
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What mountain range separates the Iberian Peninsula from France?
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The Pyrenes separate the Iberian Peninsula from France.
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Europe is in the middle and high latitudes and therefore has many different climates. Name 3.
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1. In the North East there is Tundra and Sub-Artic climates. 2. In most of the West East has a Marine West Coast Climate zone. 3. Southern Europe has a Mediterranean Climate.
