Eukaryotic Organisms – Flashcards

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Why is Kingdom Protista not considered a true kingdom?
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Because the organisms vary tremendously from one to another. The only universal characteristic is that they are all eukaryotic.
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How are Kingdom Protista classified?
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Whether or not the organism is more plant-like or more animal-like.
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Are algae more plant-like or animal-like?
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Plant-like.
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What do algae posses?
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Photosynthetic pigments and a cell wall.
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How are they further divided?
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By which pigment are present.
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Which two algae are a threat to human health? What do they cause?
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Gymnodinium and Gonyaulax. Cause Paralytic shell poisoning.
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Are protozoans more animal-like or plant-like?
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Animal-like.
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How are protozoans further divided?
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their method of locomotion.
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What are the 5 subgroups of locomotion?
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1.)Flagellates 2.)Sarcodina 3.)Ciliophora 4.)Microspora 5.)Apicomplexa
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What are the three flagellate protozoans?
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Trypanosoma & Trichomonas vaginalis & Giardia Lamblia
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What does trypanosoma cause?
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African Sleeping Sickness
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What does trichomonas vaginalis cause?
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A sexually transmitted protozoan that causes vaginitis.
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What does Giardia Lamblia cause?
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Intestinal parasite that causes Giardiasis (diarrheal illness).
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How are Sarcodina mobile?
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pseudopodia
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What is one sarcodina and what does it cause?
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Entamoeba histolytica that causes amoebic dysentery.
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How do ciliophora move?
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Cilia
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What is one ciliophora and what does it cause?
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Balantidium coli - causes dysentery
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How do microspora move?
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Via polar filament
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What is one microspora and what does it cause?
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Microspordium - causes diarrhea; infects peeps with aids
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Can apicomplexa move?
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No.
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What are 2 apicomplexa?
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Plasmodium & Crytospordium
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What is plasmodium and what does it cause?
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Causes Malaria
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What is Cryptospordium and what does it cause?
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Causes food-borne, diarrheal illness.
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What is the difference between plant and fungi cell walls?
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Plant = cellulose
Fungi = Chitin
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Are fungi photosynthetic?
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no.
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What are fungi instead of photosynthetic?
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Saprobic - live off of dead organic matter.
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What are mycoses?
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Fungi that grow in or on the human body and causes a disease.
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What are the two subcategories of mycoses?
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Yeasts and molds
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Are yeast singular or multicellular?
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Single
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Are molds single or filamentous fungi?
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Filamentous.
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What are hyphae?
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Individual filaments that absorb nutrients
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What are mycelium?
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A collection of hyphae growing in one location.
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How is specific classification of fungi determined?
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By the type of reproduction they exhibit.
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What are the 4 specific classifications of fungi?
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1.)Zygomycetes 2.)Basidiomycetes 3.)Asomycetes 4.)Deuteromycetes
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What do zygomycetes usually cause? What is one example of it?
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Food spoilage. Rhizopus - black bread mold
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What is an example of a basidiomycete and what does it cause?
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Flibasidiella neoformans - cause a form of meningitis
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What are five examples of Asomycetes and what do they cause/do?
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1.)Saccharomyces- used in bread/beer/wine
2.)Candida albicans - cause thrush, vaginal yeast infection and severe diaper rash in children.
3.)Pneumocystis jiroveci - cuases a lung infection that is the leading cause of death in AIDS patients
4.)Coccidioides immitis - cause Valley fever
5.)Histoplasma capsulatum - mild respiratory disease
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What are deuteromycetes also called?
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Fungi imperfecti
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What are 2 examples of deuteromycetes?
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1.)Aspergillus - Produces a toxin that is carcinogenic /causes Aspergillosis
2.)Penicillin - leading source of penicillin

ALSO CAUSATIVE AGENT OF RINGWORM/ATHLETES FOOT
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Why do we study Kingdom Animalia?
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Because of their importance in human diseases and the fact that diagnosis often requires microscopic examination of eggs.
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What are the two subcategories of Kingdom Animalia?
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Helminthes & Arthropods
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What are the 3 subcategories of helminthes?
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Nematodes (round)
Cestodes (tape)
Trematodes (flukes)
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What is Enterobius vermicularis? (N)
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Pinworm.
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What is Necator americanus? (N)
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Hookworm.
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What is Wucheria bancrofti? (N)
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Elephantiasis.
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What is trichinella spiralis? (N)
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Trichinosis
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What is Trichuris truchiura? (N)
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Whipworm
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What is loa loa? (N)
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Causes Loaiasis.
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What is Ascaris lumbricoides? (N)
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Causes Ascariasis
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What is Onchocera volvulus? (N)
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Causes river blindness.
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What is Taenia Saginatus? (C)
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Beef tapeworm
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What is Taenia Solium? (C)
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Pork tapeworm
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What is dipylidium caninum? (C)
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Dog/cat tapeworm
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What is diphyllobothrium latum? (C)
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Fish tapeworm
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What is schistosoma mansoni? (F)
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Blood fluke; causes schistosomiasis
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What is clonorchis sinesis? (F)
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Chinese liver fluke/infects gallbladder
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What is paragonimus westermani? (F)
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lung fluke
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What is Fasciola buski? (F)
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intestinal fluke
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Insects serve as biological _______.
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vectors
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What are the 5 types of arthopod vectors?
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1.)Mosquitoes 2.)Fleas 3.)Lice 4.)Ticks 5.)Flies (biting)
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What are the 3 viruses that mosquitoes carry?
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1.)Plasmodium 2.)Flavivirus 3.)West Nile Virus
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What does plasmodium cause?
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Malaria
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What does Flavivirus cause?
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Yellow fever
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What does WNV cause?
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West Nile Fever
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What are 2 viruses that fleas carry?
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1.)Yersinia pestis 2.)Rickettsia typhi
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What does Yersinia pestis cause?
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The plague.
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What does Rickettsia typhi cause?
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Endemic typhus.
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What two viruses do lice carry?
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1.Ricksettsia prowazekii 2.)bartonella quintana
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What does Ricksettsia prowazekki cause?
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Epidemic typhus
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What does Bartonella Quintana cause?
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Trench fever
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What 3 viruses to ticks carry?
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1.)Rickettsia rickettsii 2.)Borrelia burgdorferi 3.)Francisella tularensis
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What is rickettsia rickettsii cause?
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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What does Borrelia burgdorferi cause?
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Lyme disease
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What does Francisella Tularensis cause?
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Rabbit fever
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What 3 diseases do biting flies carry?
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1.)Loa loa 2.)Trypanosoma 3.)Onchocerca volvulvus
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What does loa loa cause?
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Loasis
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What does Trypanosoma cause?
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African Sleeping Sickness
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What does onchocerca volvulus cause?
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River blindness.
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