Safety and Environmental Health – Flashcards
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Recreational water illness
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Illness caused by germs and through contact with contaminated water in swimming pools, hot tubs, water play areas, interactive fountains, lakes, rivers, or oceans.
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drownproofing
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Method of water survival utilizing the natural tendency of the human body to float.
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Pollution does not generally impact the safety of outdoor activities since it's generally restricted to cities.
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False
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Water on the kitchen floor at home is considered a safety hazard.
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True
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What types of outdoor activities can be impacted by pollution and how can they be affected?
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Air pollution can irritate respiratory conditions and make it hard to breath, especially for the elderly and children. Since illness can be caused by bacteria that live in water, pollution in water can lead to serious illness.
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What are three things you can do to prevent a fire from occurring in your home?
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To prevent a fire from occurring, one should keep flammable materials away from heaters, use appliances according to manufacturer specifications, keep matches and lighters away from children, unplug electrical appliances when not in use, and avoid overloading outlets.
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Which of the following would NOT be considered proper safety equipment for an outdoor excursion?
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bathing suit for water activities
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Why is it important to consider wildlife when planning an outdoor activity?
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For safety, it is important to consider the danger of aggressive animals like bears or wolves when planning an outdoor activity because an attack could potentially be fatal. It is also very important to plan for things like poisonous plants and harmful insects to determine if it is necessary to carry insect repellant and first aid ointments.
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Why is it a good idea to keep the number to the poison control center in a handy place at home?
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In the event of a poison being ingested, the poison control center can identify the extent of the danger and advise on measures to take to help in the victim's recovery.
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Why might an older house have more safety risks than a new one?
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Older homes did not have the same safety requirements when they were constructed that newly built homes now have to meet; any preventative measures like smoke alarms were left up to the home owners. It is also possible that wiring may have become damaged over the years and gone unnoticed, leaving the home at risk of a fire.
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Give an example of how participating in a water activity by yourself could be dangerous, even if it is a simple activity that you frequently do.
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Fishing is a popular water sport that sometimes requires balance and strength while in a boat that does not provide stable ground. It would be easy to lose balance and fall out of the boat, which could result in head trauma if there is a rock in the water. If nobody is around, even minor injuries could result in fatality.
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Which of the following is NOT a safety precaution that should be practiced at home?
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turning off the television at night
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When planning a water activity, it's best to include a friend or a group of friends rather than going alone, even if it's an easy activity.
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True
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Which of the following is of the least importance for safety when planning a recreational outing?
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the weather forecast at your house
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Strong swimmers do NOT need to restrict themselves to swimming in areas patrolled by lifeguards.
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False
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Betty is a professional high diver and takes a vacation to a beach she has not visited before. While there, she notices a tall cliff, which she thinks would make an excellent place to practice her diving. Which of the following statements about this situation is FALSE?
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It would be perfectly safe for Betty to swim around and make sure the water is deep enough. If she finds that it is, the cliff could be a good place to practice.
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All houses are built according to safety standards, so it is not important to consider injury prevention while at home.
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false
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Wilma is 4'8" tall and needs to get a glass from a top shelf of a cabinet so she can get something to drink. Which of the following is the safest choice for Wilma?
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using a stool or a small ladder to reach the glass
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When hiking or climbing, it is important to be watchful of areas where erosion has occurred, due to an increased risk of rock slides.
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true
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It is unimportant to take the weather into account when you are planning water activities.
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False
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When is it NOT necessary for a person to wear sunscreen during a recreational activity?
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when the activity is indoors
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Which of the following could be a potential safety hazard of indoor recreation?
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a liquid spill on the floor that was not cleaned
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First Aid
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Emergency treatment given to an individual to stabilize and treat acute injuries until proper medical care can be provided.
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Cardiac Arrest
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Abnormal heart rhythms that result in the cessation of heart activity.
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Heimlich Maneuver
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First aid technique used to dislodge objects blocking a choking individual's windpipe using forceful abdominal thrusts.
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Abdominal Thrust
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Forceful upward movement of a rescuer's fist in the stomach of an individual who is choking, as part of the Heimlich maneuver.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
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A first aid technique used on those thought to be in cardiac arrest involving rescue breathing and chest compressions.
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Burns are classified into four different groups.
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False
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Compare and contrast the three different classifications of burns.
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First-degree burns are the most minor burns, such as mild sunburns and scalding by hot but not boiling water. Second-degree burns are more severe than first-degree burns and are typified by blisters and increased pain. Third-degree burns are the most severe and result in a large loss of skin and damage to the nerves in the skin, which actually can make them less painful than second-degree burns despite being far more damaging.
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How can knowing common first aid skills help prevent infection and facilitate the healing process?
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Knowing the proper procedure for cleaning and dressing a wound can help prevent infections during the recovery process, which aids healing. Knowledge of first aid also helps an individual know what actions and behaviors are more and less conducive to recovering from an injury.
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a first aid technique for individuals in cardiac arrest that involves __________.
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rescue breathing and chest compressions
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Which of the following procedures for providing first aid for severe bleeding is NOT correct?
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The victim should sit upright.
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Which of the following is NOT a necessary first aid procedure for treating cuts?
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calling for emergency assistance
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How can providing first aid care be hazardous for the person providing the assistance?
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Providing first aid can be hazardous to the provider if the accident victim is infected with a communicable disease.
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First aid is important because it __________.
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improves the chances of survival, reduces the risk of permanent injury, reduces the risk of infection
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Why is the first step in responding to life-threatening situations to assess the situation?
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Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Before initiating first aid, the provider needs to assess the situation. If the environment is hazardous, steps may need to be taken before first aid may commence. Effective first aid will not be possible, if either the provider or the victim is in danger of further injury. Only after ensuring that first aid can be provided safely should care actually be provided.
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Which of the following would you NOT expect to find in a standard first aid kit?
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neck splints
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What does the C in the ABCs of resuscitation stand for?
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compression
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Consent from the victim is not always needed before providing first aid.
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True
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Which of the following statements BEST explains why third-degree burns are less painful than second-degree burns?
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Third-degree burns result in nerve damage, which reduces feeling.
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The acronym CPR stands for __________.
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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"Make haste slowly" summarizes the attributes of a rescuer when applying first aid.
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true
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People with first aid training can provide less assistance to accident victims than people without first aid training.
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False
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First aid can be administered to minor injuries, but severe injuries should be left for a professional.
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False
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Which of the following is TRUE for CPR chest compressions?
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100 compressions should be performed every minute.
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Explain how nitrogen oxides are produced and their environmental impact.
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Nitrogen oxides are produced by the combustion engines in vehicles. Their effect on the environment includes both acid rain and smog.
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Give an overview of four different symptoms in the human body that are caused by air pollution.
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Air pollution can cause increased asthma, difficulty breathing, wheezing, and reduced oxygen to vital organs.
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Toxic waste spills are a direct source of water pollution.
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True
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Air quality is important to both human health and overall environmental quality.
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True
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When soil becomes contaminated with __________, children can begin to show health issues.
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Lead
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Describe the process by which an environmental protection act is created and enforced.
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Responses will vary. A sample response follows: Before a protection act is created, the US Congress must first pass a law to allow its creation. From there, the Environmental Protection Agency creates appropriate regulations for enforcement by state and local authorities.
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Which of the following is responsible for regulating noise pollution?
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State and local authoritites
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Explain how the methods involved in "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Compost" can help to control solid waste.
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"Reduce" means the reduction or elimination of product packaging. "Reuse" asks that we try to reuse packaging and other materials several times before disposal. "Recycle" refers to extracting useful materials from discarded items and creating new products or uses for them. "Compost" involves the conversion of organic materials into fertilizers.
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Discuss two different ways that our soil can become polluted.
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Soil can be polluted by exposure to polluted water sources, exposure to solid waste, mining operations, and pesticide/herbicide use
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Name the three pollutants that have decreased the most since 1990.
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Responses will vary, but should include the information that follows: Lead, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide have decreased the most since 1990.
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Which of these is a source for particulate matter in the air?
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automobiles, dust, fires
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Which of the following are two mechanisms for water pollution?
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direct and indirect
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How can you improve indoor air quality?
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increasing ventilation in enclosed spaces
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Since the implementation of the Clean Air Act, the concentrations of all major air pollutants have decreased.
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True
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Which of the following is the first step used by the EPA when creating environmental protection regulations?
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Research
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Soil pollution can result in dangerous levels of silver.
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False
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The 2008 Olympics had a positive effect on the amount of pollution in Beijing.
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True
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Besides air pollution, four other important types of pollution are soil, water, waste, and __________.
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noise
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Which of the following is the main benefit of ozone?
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absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun
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Exposure to noise pollution for extended periods of time can cause sleeplessness and high blood pressure.
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True
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smoke alarms are only necessary in the workplace.
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False
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Over the past 20 years, the efforts of the United States have decreased the amount of pollutants in the environment.
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True
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The ABCs of first aid stand for _____.
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Airway, breathing, and circulation
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Water on the kitchen floor at home is considered a safety hazard.
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True
