question

The retention of encoded information over time refers to

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storage

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With the approach of night, our body temperature begins to drop. This best illustrates the dynamics of the

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circadian rhythm

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Which receptor cells are best at detecting color?

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Cones

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For a moment after hearing his dogs high-pitched bark, Mr. Silvers retains the sounds of the yelp in his mind. His experience clearly illusrates _________ memory.

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Echoic

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A subliminal stimulus is one that is presented

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below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness

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A dog salivates to the sound of a tone because the tone has regularly been associated with the delivery of food. In this case, the tone is called a(n)

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conditioned stimulus

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A gestalt is best described as a(n)

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organized whole

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A skinner box is a(n)

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chamber containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a reward

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Which measure of memory retention assesses the ability to draw information out of storage and into conscious awareness?

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Recall

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Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's

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potential for healthy growth

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The study of the links between biology and behavior is called

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biological psychology

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Which measure of memory is used on a test that requires matching glossary terms with their correct definitions?

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recognition

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An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to

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depression

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The central nervous system consists of

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the brain and the spinal cord

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Which division of the autonomic nervous system arouses the body and mobilizes its energy?

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The sympathetic nervous system

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In classical conditioning, the stimulus is any event or situation that

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Evokes a response

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Our tendency to believe we know more than we do illustrates

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overconfidence

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Contemporary psychology is best defined as the science of

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behavior and mental processes

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The most notable feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on

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unconscious conflicts

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Myron quit gambling after he lost over a thousand dollars betting on horse races. This best illustrates the effects of

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punishment

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Which of the following methods is most helpful for revealing cause-effect relationships?

answer

The experiment

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After learning to fear a white rat, Little Albert responded with fear to the sight of a rabbit. This best illustrates the process of

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generalization

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Psychologists define learning as the process of

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acquiring, through experience, new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.

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Which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious sexual conflicts?

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Freudian psychology

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Before Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate in response to a tone, the tone was a(n)

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Neutral stimulus

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Messages are transmitted from your spinal cord to muscles in your hands by the ________ nervous system

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Peripheral

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The integration of new incoming information with knowledge retrieved from long-term memory involves the activity of

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Working memory

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Which type of memory has an essentially limitless capacity?

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Long-term memory

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Perception is the process by which

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sensory input is organized and interpreted

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Clinical psychologists specialize in

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providing therapy to troubled people

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A fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

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specified time interval has elapsed

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After listening to your high-volume car stereo for 15 minutes, you no longer notice how loud the music is. This best illustrates

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sensory adaptation

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The wavelength of visible light determines its

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hue

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the perceived brightness of visible light waves is determined by their

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amplitude

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In which type of research is a representative random sample of people asked to answer questions about their behaviors or attitudes?

answer

The survey

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Objects are brought into focus on the retina by changes in the curve and thickness of the

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lens

question

The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the

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threshold

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Some information in our fleeting _________ is encoded into short-term memory

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sensory memory

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Naturalistic observation is most useful for

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describing behaviors

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The process by which our sensory systems transform stimulus energies into neural impulses is called

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transduction

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A loss of an encoded memory is a result of a gradual fading of the physical memory trace best illustrates

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storage decay

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The process of receiving and representing stimulus energies by the sensory receptors and the nervous system is called

answer

sensation

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Dendrites are branching extensions of

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neurons

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A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli is called _______ memory

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iconic

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To retain newly introduced facts into our working memory, it is important to engage in

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rehearsal

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The persistence of learning over time most clearly depends on

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memory

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Conditioning is the process of

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learning associations

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In its early years, psychology focused on the study of

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mental life

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For purposes of effective child raising, most psychologists favor the use of

answer

reinforcement over punishment

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The process of forming new neurons within the brain is called

answer

neurogenesis

Psych 200 Midterm Questions – Flashcards

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