Science Essays

Darwinian medicine, utilizing the adaptationist program from evolutionary biology, seeks to elucidate the reasons behind individuals’ vulnerability to infections and diseases. Unlike Western traditions, this approach does not attempt to ascertain the causes for one person falling ill while another remains in good health. In contrast to traditional medicine, which focuses on treating diseases after […]

Geochelone elephantopus, the scientific name for the Galapagos tortoise is currently endangered species, who inhabits the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean. They are the world’s largest land tortoise. There are two types of Galapagos Tortoises: the “domed- shelled” and the “saddled back”. Since sailors and whalers would capture the Galapagos tortoises and eat them […]

Much of our current understanding about the existence of the large variety of living things around the world is based upon Charles Darwin’s groundbreaking novel, On the Origin of Species. However, matching Darwin’s theory of natural selection and evolution is how Darwin himself was able to utilize information from a previous source in order to […]

H. G wells creates the sense of fear by creating an eerie situation that creates an overwhelming sense of darkness in the mind of the narrator. Consequently this causes him to be very fearful himself. He also uses a first person narrator, which makes the turn of events more immediate. He personifies objects and keeps […]

In supporting biological evolution, Root-Bernstein has based his facts on the similarities of different body parts of organisms like the comparison if the differences in the skeletons of the chimpanzees and those of human being. He also explained anatomical difference between the human female and male skeleton. In explaining these differences, he asks his students’ […]

Answer to Q.1: In support of biological evolution, Root-Bernstein provides several pieces of evidence. He uses analogies, such as comparing the wings of insects and birds, which have different developmental origins but serve the same functions. Additionally, he discusses homologies, where body parts may have originated from the same embryological structures but have different functions, […]

Induced fit theory is a variation of the lock-and-key theory of enzymatic function. It is proposed that the substrate causes a conformational change in the enzyme such that the active site achieves the exact configuration required for a reaction to occur. The overall effect would be a tighter binding for the substrate and enzyme. Think […]

Hypothesis The optimum temperatures of Alcalase and Savinase will be different. Above and below their optimum temperatures activity will decrease. Biological explanation This investigation is designed to look at the effect of temperature on the activity of the proteases Alcalase and Savinase. By the end of it I hope to know the optimum temperature of […]

Title: The Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity Speeds Problem: How do the factors of temperature, pH level, substrate concentration and enzyme concentration specifically and significantly alter the rate of enzymatic reactions? Background Information: Enzymes are critical to the function of human life. They are the controllers of all the chemical reactions within our bodies – they […]

Abstract This experiment aimed to monitor the efficacy of the Barley Amylase Enzyme in breaking down starch in solutions with increasing neutral pH levels. The experiment involved simultaneously mixing tubes containing a reaction solution of Amylase enzyme and starch. The reactions were then stopped using I2-KI at two-minute intervals. To ensure accuracy, each trial was […]

Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to measure the effects of changes in temperatures and pH on enzyme activity in skeletal muscle, particularly the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). LDH is a glycolytic enzyme which converts pyruvate to lactate in the following equation: LDH Pyruvate+ NADH ? ————? Lactate + NADThe reaction above can […]

Determining the Optimal Temperature and PH of Barley Amylase Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to find the optimal temperature and pH of barley alpha-amylase. I hypothesize that the optimal temperature would be 55 degrees Celsius and the optimal pH would be 5. 5. In this experiment, the starch is used as a substrate […]

Enzyme Activity Lab Hypothesis: Are enzymes reusable? Yes, enzymes are reusable. Which of the following do you think contain catalase? [Manganese dioxide, chicken meat, apple, carrot, potato, or chicken liver] I think that the manganese dioxide, apple, and carrot contain the catalase. Would grinding the materials affect enzyme activity? I think that grinding the materials […]

An Investigation on the rate of reaction of the enzyme Catalase on the substrate Hydrogen peroxide. Plan Aim: To investigate the rate of the effect of Catalase on hydrogen peroxide. Introduction This investigation will be carried out to investigate the rate of reaction of the enzyme catalase on the substrate hydrogen peroxide. Enzymes are biological […]

The Role of Agarase in Agar-Degrading Bacteria Abstract Agar-Degrading (agarolytic) Bacteria is physiological class of bacteria capable of utilising agar as a sole carbon source. This ability is made available by the use of agarases – enzymes which break down agarose into oligosaccharides. This physiological class branches through genii, regardless of Gram Stain status or […]

‘Enzymes are special kinds of proteins that are found in all living matter. Living cells need enzymes to live and grow. Enzymes are catalysts, substances which speed up chemical reactions present in very small amounts without being changed in the reaction’ [1] .It was firstly named enzyme by a German physiologist, Wilhelm K�hne in 1878. […]

I intend to determine the optimal rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast through an experiment involving heating the yeast within a glucose solution. The heating process triggers the release of gas, which I will measure as my experimental data. To ensure safety, I will wear protective goggles throughout the experiment. Additionally, I will utilize a […]

By adding methyl bliss-scrambled, a cross-linking agent, to creamily, a gel matrix was formed. An immobilized enzyme was then tested for its activity and stability through spectrophotometry assays at 510 nm, as compared to its free enzyme counterpart. The enzymatic reaction was examined by introducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O), phenol, and 4-mountaineering. To test the stability, […]

The Effect Of Varying Enzyme Concentration On The Breakdown Of Hydrogen Peroxide In The Presence Of Catalase Grade: 18/18 Words: 3000 Hypothesis – Hydrogen peroxide will breakdown to oxygen and water in the presence of Catalase. The reaction will increase with increasing enzyme concentration when molecules of hydrogen peroxide are freely available. However, when molecules […]

Salivary amylase, found in humans, is enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simpler compounds. Its enzymatic activity is affected by several factors, such as temperature and pH. The rates of enzymatic activity of salivary amylase in different temperatures and pH were measured and resulted to be very near 50 C and 7 respectively. […]

Enzymes, as biological catalysts, are essentially proteins composed of amino acid polymers. Their tertiary structure results in a globular shape, due to molecular bonding. Various bonds contribute to maintaining the structure’s shape, with the strongest being the di-sulphide bridges between cysteine amino acids. Hydrogen bonds are also present, but their strength increases when many exist. […]

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts. They speed up the chemical reactions which occur inside living things. Without them, all reactions would be far too slow, and living organisms would not be able to function. Enzymes are extremely efficient at doing their job. Some of the chemical reactions, which take place in our cells, […]