Question 1

What is the most frequently used legal drug in the stimulants category?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine

Question 2

According to the Drug Administration, drug addiction is:

Accepted Answer

a chronic, relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use

Question 3

The cost of alcohol abuse is ______ the social cost of all illegal drugs.

Accepted Answer

twice

Question 4

The word drug is derived from the fourteenth century French word drogue, meaning _______

Accepted Answer

dry substance

Question 5

______ elevate mood- produce feelings of wellbeing-by stimulating the CNS.

Accepted Answer

Stimulants

Question 6

Substances that can reduce pain are known as _____.

Accepted Answer

depressants

Question 7

_____ is defined as a \"chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences\"

Accepted Answer

drug addiction

Question 8

Substances that alter perceptual functions are known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Hallucinogens

Question 9

Both alcohol and tobacco function as introductory drugs that may led to the use of other psychoactive drugs. (True/False)

Accepted Answer

True

Question 10

The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) reports that ___ dependence is the most common substance use disorder in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine

Question 11

The ______ controls such basic drives as sexual activity.

Accepted Answer

hypothalamus

Question 12

Neurotransmitters levels are controlled by chemicals in the presynaptic terminal which are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

monoamine oxidases(MAO)

Question 13

Substances that stimulate receptor sites are known as______.

Accepted Answer

agonist

Question 14

Psychoactive drugs are absorbed into the bloodstream and quickly carried to the ______ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Central

Question 15

When determining risk versus reward, the ______ tends to emphasized benefits while discounting dangers.

Accepted Answer

adolescent brain

Question 16

_______ where neurotransmitters attach cause chemical substances to interact and produce pharmacological actions.

Accepted Answer

Receptor sites

Question 17

An important part of the cell body are ___, which appears as branches of a tree and receive messages from other neurons.

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 18

Consuming more than one type of psychoactive chemical is called _____.

Accepted Answer

poly drug

Question 19

Neurons do not interlock but instead are separated by synapses.(True/False)

Accepted Answer

True

Question 20

In the reaction to emotional memories burned into it by the intensity of the drug euphoria, the ______ operates outside of the conscious control to cause intense cravings.

Accepted Answer

amygdala

Question 21

_______ is the synthetic version of morphine prescribed for chronic or long-lasting pain.

Accepted Answer

Oxycodone

Question 22

Physicians often use the less addictive drug _____ to relieve heroin withdrawal symptoms.

Accepted Answer

clonidine

Question 23

Chronic ______ use leads to cirrhosis of the liver, damage to the heart muscle and nerve damage.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol

Question 24

Most long-term alcoholics suffer from Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a deficiency in:

Accepted Answer

thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Question 25

Heroin depletes the neurotransmitter _______.

Accepted Answer

dopamine

Question 26

Unlike other drugs of abuse, alcohol _____.

Accepted Answer

All of these; provides calories, is a food, is partially eliminated through the lungs and urine

Question 27

Benzodiazepines are referred t pharmacologically as ______.

Accepted Answer

sedative-hypnotics

Question 28

Oxycodone is the active ingredients of _______, and is also found in the medications such as Percodan and Tylox.

Accepted Answer

OxyCotin\'s

Question 29

Approximately _____ adult Americans consume alcohol.

Accepted Answer

Two out of three

Question 30

Analogs designed by underground chemists are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

designer drugs

Question 31

Some of the intravenous abusers combine cocaine and heroin---- a practice known as _________.

Accepted Answer

speedballing

Question 32

Cocaine achieves its main immediate psychological effect- the high- by causing a buildup of______.

Accepted Answer

dopamine

Question 33

Cocaine that has been \"cut\" for consumer sale in the US typically has a purity level of less than _____ percent.

Accepted Answer

20

Question 34

\"Crazy Medicine\" is ______________.

Accepted Answer

mixture of methamphetamine and caffeine

Question 35

Crack is made by cooking cocaine in a mixture of _______ and water.

Accepted Answer

sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)

Question 36

Researchers have found that the human liver combines __________ and manufactures a third substance, cocaethylene, which intensifies cocaine\'s euphoric effects while possibly increasing the risk of sudden death.

Accepted Answer

Cocaine and alcohol

Question 37

The effects of inhaled cocaine disappear in _______.

Accepted Answer

sixty to ninety minutes

Question 38

Resembling a normal cigarette, electronic cigarettes use a battery-powered device to deliver smokeless and odorless dose of _________.

Accepted Answer

nicotine

Question 39

Because ___________ suppresses appetite, chronic heavy users generally fail to eat properly and thus develop various illnesses related to vitamin deficiencies and malnutrition.

Accepted Answer

methamphetamines

Question 40

Women are more susceptible than men to ______- induced brain damage.

Accepted Answer

nicotine

Question 41

Perceiving sounds, odors, tactile sensation, or visual images that arise from within the person, not the environment is an autonomic hyperactivity-induced distortions of the perception of objective reality known as __________.

Accepted Answer

hallucinations

Question 42

Which three classes of prescription drugs are most commonly abused?

Accepted Answer

Opioids, Depressants, and Stimulants

Question 43

Lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD) was synthesized in ___________.

Accepted Answer

1938

Question 44

___________ was initially developed as a general anesthetic for surgery.

Accepted Answer

Phencyclidine(PCP)

Question 45

Fewer than _____ percent of LSD users report recurring low-intensity trips- so called flashbacks--- without having ingested the substance recently.

Accepted Answer

25

Question 46

Indians in North Mexico have used _______ as pasrt of their religious rites since prehistoric times.

Accepted Answer

Mescaline

Question 47

__________ the common name for MDMA (3,4- methylenedioxy-N- methamphetamine), is a synthetic drug that has stimulant and hallucinogenic properties.

Accepted Answer

Ecstacy

Question 48

The death of ______ in 2009 cast a spotlight on propofol, a wide used, short- acting intravenous sedative-hypnotic used in the induction and maintenance of anesthesia or sedation.

Accepted Answer

Michael Jackson

Question 49

The immediate effects of inhalants are similar to those of __________.

Accepted Answer

alcohol

Question 50

__________, such as Darvon, Demerol, methadone, morphine, OxyCotin, Percocet, Percodan, and Vicodin, which are prescribed to treat pain.

Accepted Answer

Opioids

Question 51

Freud posited that the _______ consisted of thought and memories that can easily be called forth.

Accepted Answer

Preconscious

Question 52

The genital stage of psychological development occurs from about ages:

Accepted Answer

3 to 5 years of age

Question 53

When some aspects of animal or human behavior is followed by a certain type of consequences-- a reward-- the behavior is more likely to be repeated. The reward is called_______.

Accepted Answer

positive reinforcement

Question 54

According to Freud, the _______ exercises a sense of morality that controls behavior:

Accepted Answer

Superego

Question 55

Learning theory proceeds on the basis that all forms of behavior are _______

Accepted Answer

Conditioned

Question 56

A person ____ a negative reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

Works to escape

Question 57

Part of the psychological explanation for drug abuse has been a presumed _______, a psychological vulnerability resulting from problematic family relationships, inappropriate reinforcement, the lack of healthy role models, contradictory parental expectations, and/or an absence of love and respect.

Accepted Answer

ego deficient

Question 58

Which of the following is cited in the text as a noted behaviorist?

Accepted Answer

B.F. Skinner

Question 59

Social control theory argues that a lower risk of drug use is closely related to _______.

Accepted Answer

close-knit families

Question 60

The pairing of two stimuli, one of which elicits a reflex and one of which is neutral is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

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