Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory Essay Example
Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory Essay Example

Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory Essay Example

Available Only on StudyHippo
  • Pages: 2 (507 words)
  • Published: December 8, 2017
  • Type: Case Study
View Entire Sample
Text preview

According to Erikson's theory, each stage involves a crisis that needs resolution, providing an opportunity for personality development. Unlike Freud, Erikson believed that such developmental changes occur throughout one's life. Erikson's focus on culture is also well-known. The preschooler stage can be best described as the initiative vs. guilt stage.

The bioecological approach to development, according to Bronfenbrenner, emphasizes the role of the microsystem in shaping children's daily lives. This system comprises the immediate environment including homes, caregivers, friends, and teachers. The microsystem influences children's development on a regular basis. Additionally, there are three other systems: the mesosystem, which involves connections between immediate environments such as a child's home and school; the exosystem, which includes external environmental settings that indirectly affect development, like the workplace of parents; and finally, the macrosyste

...

m, which encompasses the larger cultural context of a child's development, such as differences between Eastern and Western cultures.

Theories of human development suggest that there are four systems that interact to shape an individual's development: the microsystem (e.g. family, classroom), the mesosystem (when two microsystems interact, such as a child's home and school), the exosystem (an environment external to an individual's experience, but that still affects them), and the macrosystem (the larger cultural context). Later on, a fifth system was added known as the Chronosystem which looks into environmental events and transitions that happen during a person's life. Examples of an exosystem include a child's parents' workplace, which can affect a child's development by events such as promotion, layoff, bad day at work, or overtime. Development proceeds in stages according to famous theorists Jean Piaget and Sigmund Freud, with everyone growing through the stages in

View entire sample
Join StudyHippo to see entire essay

the same order.

The theories presented relate to development and include concepts such as discontinuities, hypotheses, Freud's identification of the "id" with instincts, his proposed developmental sequence of oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages; as well as Erikson's stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt, the successful completion of which yields a sense of healthy independence. These ideas provide a framework for understanding human growth and development.

According to cognitive theorist Samuels, thought processes are emphasized for understanding development. Piaget's theory defines "operations" as internalized mental actions. Sarah's daily drawing of new things indicates she is in the Piagetian stage of preoperational thinking. Although Allyson can identify a picture of a rose, she does not yet comprehend the written word "rose".

What Piagetian stage is she in? She's in the preoperational stage. What defines the concrete operational stage according to Piagetian development? It's when logic replaces intuition, granted it's applicable to a visible example. The stage in Piagetian development where sensory experiences and motor actions lead to comprehension of the world is known as the sensorimotor stage. Which of the following pairs is accurate? Vygotsky is tied to social interactions. While Piaget gave prominence to biological processes in cognitive development, Vygotsky emphasized the impact of social relations on development.

Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New