ekg study guide – Flashcards
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The EKG records the:
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electrical activity of the heart
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The normal running speed of the EKG paper
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25mm/sec
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A normal standardization mark should measure:
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5mm
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The S wave is the first negative deflection
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That extends below the baseline in the QRS complex following the R wave
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There are____ electrodes attached to the patient for Holter Monitoring
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5
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Left side, 5th intercostal space midclavicular line
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V4
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Midpoint between V2 and V4
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V3
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right side of sternum, 4th intercostal space
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V1
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left side, 5th intercostal space, midaxillary
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V6
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A normal PR interval should measure
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0.12-0.20 secs
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The rate of the AV junction is
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40-60 per min.
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which limb sensor is the reference or ground electrode
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right leg
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not a normal sinus rhythm
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PR interval of 0.24 seconds
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The following leads to a Wandering Baseline on an EKG
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Tension or pulling on electrode lead wire
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The Q wave is always
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negative
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Deoxygenated blood enter the right atrium via the
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Superior and Inferior Cava
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A murmur is an abnormal sound that may
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structural heart disease
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The term used to describe the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute is called
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cardiac output
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An example of Hypotension is
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90/60 or below
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Which vessel has both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood?
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Capillaries
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The primary pacemaker of the heart
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SA Node
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The protective sack that covers
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Pericardium
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The bicuspid valve is also known as
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mitral valve
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The ability of the cardiac pacemaker cells to spontaneously generate their own electrical impulses without external stimulation is known as
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Automaticity
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A pounding or racing of the heart, such as the patient is aware of his/her own heartbeat is called
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palpitations
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electrodes are also known as
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sensors
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physicans do stress tests for
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CHF
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small squares horizonal on EKG are equal to
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0.04 secs
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Vertical axis on EKG paper measures what
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voltage/amps
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stylist mark the paper by what
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heat
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normal sensitive setting 1mv is which measurement
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10mm
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Normal standardization mark measures
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5mm
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ensure check of the internal caliperation of the EKG
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Standardization button
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Electrodes on a holter monitor
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5
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Correct lead center of the heart to the positive pole of the left leg.
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AVF
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correct lead to right arm to left leg
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lead 2
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correct lead right arm to left arm
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lead 1
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center of heart to positive pole of the right arm
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AVR
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left arm to left leg.
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lead 3
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proper placement for holter monitor
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upper extremities
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ventricular repolorization results in
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relaxation
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Takes place during respirations
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PR intervals shorten
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Normal PR interval is
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.12-20 secs
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Normal sinus rhythm has all except
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.24
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Irregular rythum can be caused by
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sinus dysrhythmia
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what sinus rythem has a rate of 100 bmp or more
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tachycardia
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which limb sensor is a ground sensor
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Right leg
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EKG Strip must include
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Patient name and ID
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One method to calculate heart rate
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count small boxes and divide into 1500 (between RR intervals)
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Will not interfere with an EKG
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Patient falls asleep
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will cause a wondering baseline
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Tension or pulling on a lead wire
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between R-R intervals on EKG 5 large squares =
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60 bpm
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The S wave is chacaterised as?
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first negative wave after the r
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the Q wave if present is always
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negative
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The PR interval is measured from?
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The beginning of the p wave to the beginning of the ST segment
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Which statement is true about P waves?
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sometimes there is no P wave
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1st electrical impulse of a normal cardiac cycle
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P wave
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Several waveforms are called?
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segments
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Movement away from the baseline
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waveform
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QRS complex is
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<.12 seconds
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a waveform in a segment are called
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complex
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line between waveforms are called
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intervals
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What does the P wave represent?
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Atrial depolorization
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What does PR segment mean?
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delay at the AV Node
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QRS complex represents?
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ventricular depolorization
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ST segment is?
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a pause between ventricular depoarization and repolorization
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The T wave is?
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ventricular repolorization
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What small wave after T wave
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U wave
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Who assigned letters to PQRS?
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Eithenhoven
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Correct order of Chain of Infection
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Source, means of transmission, host
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A female complains that she wants a female to do her EKG, what do you do?
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Go get a female tech.
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What test requires a informed consent form to be signed?
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exercise electocardiogram
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Tissue swelling
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edema
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HIPPA
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conidentiallity and privacy
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another name for BP cuff?
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Sphygomomanometer
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Before blood enters Right atrium.
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Vena Cava
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A murmur indicates what?
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structural heart disease
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Term used for pumping blood by the heart
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Cardiac Output
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Narrowing of the valves
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left atrium and left ventrical
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Blood flows from the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary Artery
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Which vessels have deoxygenated and oxygenated blood
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Capillaries
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which artery supplies blood to the heart muscle
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coronary atery
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which layer of the heart is responsible for contraction and relaxation
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myocardium
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Primary pacemaker of the heart
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SA Node
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another name for myocardial infarction
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Heart Attack
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Circulation desending aorta carrying oxigenated blood to the body.
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Systemic
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electrical event that is expected to result in contraction.
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Repolorization
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fainting
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syncope
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pericardium
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Sac around heart
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Bicuspid valve
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Mitral
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Thickest myocardium chamber
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Left ventrical
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exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen
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Alveoli
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Blood leaves right ventrical.. where does it go?
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Pulmonary semilunar valve
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CPR
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30-2
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Apex of the heart points
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downward and to the left
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12 lead EKG
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10 electrodes
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one reason not to stop stress test
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patient heart rate is normal
