question

Prior to a forma system of education that included schools, teachers, and diplomas how was the manifest function of education accomplished?

answer

through a process of acculturation

question

What was necessary for education to develop as a separate social institution?

answer

Society has to develop a sufficient surplus so some workers could become teachers.

question

Who were the two Americans who proposed universal schooling as a means to create a uniform national culture?

answer

Thomas Jefferson: Noah Webster

question

What is the root of the word school as well as its literal meaning?

answer

It comes from the Greek word schole meaning leisure

question

Which group was most responsible for maintaing a level of literacy during the dark ages by focusing on learning Greek, Latin, and Hebrew

answer

Monks

question

What event created the belief that formal education was essential to the well being of society?

answer

The industrialization of society

question

Who was the educator from Massachusetts, who in 1837, proposed the "common school" to be supported through tax dollars and established throughout the state?

answer

Horace Mann

question

How did Horace Mann propose that the common schools he established be funded?

answer

Public Taxation

question

What in the central sociological principle of education as it relates to a nations needs?

answer

It is a reflection f the nations culture and economy

question

What is the core value reflected by the education system in Japan?

answer

a group centered approach that stresses uniformity

question

Although cooperation is a core value in Japn, Japanese students are admitted to college only on the basis of intense competition. This is an example of

answer

Cultural contradiction

question

What event was responsible for the change in the Russian education system in 1917?

answer

The Russian Revolution

question

From a functional perspective, what is the teaching of knowledge and skills which reinforces positive consequences in students?

answer

Manifest functions

question

When employers use diplomas and degrees to determine who is eligible for jobs, even though the diploma or degree may be irrelevant to the actual work, it becomes a ------- society.

answer

credential

question

Who is the sociologist who observed that industrialized nations are becoming credential societies?

answer

Randal Collins

question

What is the process by which schools pass a society's core values from one generation to the next?

answer

cultural transmissions of values

question

One of the functions performed by schools is to promote a sense of national identity and stabilize the political system. This function is referred to as

answer

social integration

question

What is the most popular way to accomplish the gatekeeping?

answer

tracking or sorting students into different education programs

question

Edinboro University of Pennsylvania is one of the largest "wheelchair" universities in the US, providing access of all programs to all students and establishing special wheelchair programs in sports competition. This is an example of

answer

mainstreaming

question

Determining which people will enter what occupation is a function of education referred to as

answer

gatekeeping

question

A form of gatekeeping that uses diplomas and degrees to determine who is eligible for a job is called?

answer

Credentialing

question

The three functionalist who advocated gatekeeping as a means to support people on the basis of merit and advocate social placement were ----, ------- and -------

answer

Talcott Parsons; Kingsley Davis; Wilbert Moore

question

What is the concept that some jobs require few skills and can be performed by people of less intelligence?

answer

Social placement

question

There are approximately ------ million students enrolled in grade and high school, and another ----- million students enrolled in US colleges and universities today.

answer

49 ; 18

question

What do studies demonstrate in regard to the level of social skills home schooled students develop?

answer

Home-schooled students are equal or do better than conventional students.

question

What do conflict theorist believe is the puposr of hidden curriculum?

answer

It promotes social inequalities

question

you are taking an IQ test which will be used to determine your intelligence level. The first question ask you to identify all of the equipment you will need to play the game of shoeball. The second question asks the game. Finally, the third asks you to explain how shoe ball is scored and the number of points you will need to win the game. Based on this question, what does the test demonstrate?

answer

It has cultural bias in measuring your intelligence

question

According to sociologist Harry Gracey, kindergarten is somewhat like a boot camp for the entire education system because the student ----?

answer

is taught to follow orders without questioning authority

question

Which sociologist compared kindergarten to a type of academic boot camp?

answer

Harry Gracey

question

The research of Harry Gracy showed kindergarten produces three types of students. Which of the following is not one of the three?

answer

Gifted students

question

What is the correspondence principle?

answer

The social structure of schools reflects their society

question

How are public schools primarily funded?

answer

local property tax

question

The most significant predictor that a student will attend college is his or her

answer

family background

question

When Ray Rist conducted a participant observation study African American grade school, what did he conclude was the underlying basis for assigning children to different worktables in the kindergarten?

answer

Social Class

question

A sociologist who studied face-to-face interactions in the classroom between teachers and the students would be emphasizing which sociological perspective?

answer

symbolic interaction

question

According to Ray Rist's research, how long did it take for teachers to determine a child's potential success in school?

answer

by the end of the first two weeks of kindergarten

question

Sociologist Rosenthal and Jacobson found that when teachers were told that certain students would probably spurt ahead during the year, those students actually did better than other students on IQ tests. What does this illustrates?

answer

Students will respond to teachers expectations

question

In the research by Rosenthal and Jacobson, certain students identified as "sputters excelled throughout the school year. How did Rosenthal and Jacobson select them?

answer

They were randomly chosen after taking IQ test

question

Based on the research of sociologist George Farkas, which two groups of students were most successful in signaling their teachers they were good students?

answer

girls and Asian Americans

question

In a study of teacher expectations, sociologist George Farkas found that females and Asian Americans averaged higher course grades even though the scores on the course work were the same for all students no matter the race/ethnicity or gender. What did Farkas conclude was the reason for this finding?

answer

They knew how to signal teachers by being more eager and cooperative

question

Who developed the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy that explains why originally false assumptions become true because the outcome was predicted?

answer

Robert Merton

question

Using exceptionally simple questions on an exam and "dummying down" grading scales so everyone passes are examples of a growing problem in education called------?

answer

mediocrity

question

What do less rigorous teaching, dummied down textbooks and less reading have in common with watching television, playing video and computer?

answer

All are related to low verbal scores on the SAT test

question

At Harvard University 90 percent of the students graduate with honors. What did the Harvard faculty recommend to counter this honors inflation?

answer

They votes to limit the percentage of the students who could graduate with honors in any one class.

question

Between 1996 and 1997 the scores of everyone who took the SAT in previous years improved. What was the reason for this improvement?

answer

Test were rescored

question

In the US today nearly half of all entering college freshmen have an overall high school grade point average of 4.0, twice what it was in 1970. What is the reason for this increase in students with high grades?

answer

Teachers have inflated grades

question

Renee has difficulty in reading and writing. However, despite her problem with reading and writing, she has passed into the next grade every year. This is an example of ------

answer

Social Promotion

question

Jed is 31 and qualifies as being functionally literate Which of the following statements would best describe Jeds situation?

answer

Jed has difficulty reading and writing

question

Higher grades given for the same work or a general ride in student grades without a corresponding increase in learning is known as

answer

Grade inflation

question

In order to recruit a sufficient number of teachers in California, the competency level of teachers to be hired was lowered to a tenth grade level. Other states have made similar adjustments. How did the author of the text describe this change

answer

He called it a national disgrace

question

Based on the research of sociologist James Coleman and Thomas Hoffer, what is the reason Catholic school students score higher on test than public school students?

answer

Catholic schools have higher standards and greater parental involvement

question

According to a study of 15,000 students i public and Catholic schools, the superior test performance of students in Catholic schools in comparison to public schools was sue to

answer

higher standards and greater parental involvment

question

Which of the following statements i sleast accurate based on the results sociologist discovered researching school violence?

answer

There is a trend toward greater school violence

question

To qualify as distance learning, what needs to be in effect?

answer

Students are not physically present with the instructor

question

What is the major difference between learning in the past where a lesson was broadcast to thousands of students simultaneously and distance learning today?

answer

Technology has made distance learning interactive and more stimulating today

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