Ecology: Organisms and Their Environment – Flashcards

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Ecology
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Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment
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abiotic
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A term that describes a nonliving factor in an ecosystem.
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biological community
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The populations of plants animals and microorganisms living and interacting in a certain area at a given time.
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biosphere
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Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere
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biotic
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All the living organisms that inhabit an environment.
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commensalism
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A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited
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ecosystem
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a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment
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habitat
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Place where an organism lives
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mutualism
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A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
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niche
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All of the physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and how it uses these conditions.
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parasitism
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A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed
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population
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A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time, and which are capable of interbreeding.
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symbiosis
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A relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other
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predators
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animals that kill and eat other animals
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prey
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animal hunted or caught for food
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species
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A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
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competition
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In an ecosystem, occurs when more than one individual or population tries to make use of the same limited resources.
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ecologist
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Studies animals and the way they interact with their environment
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