Earth Science (Honors) Ch 28-31- Astronomy – Flashcards
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What term means "sun at the center"?
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Heliocentric
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How long does it take sun light to get to Earth?
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8.3 Minutes
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Keppler's first law states that planets' orpits are ________ in shape?
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Ellipses
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As Earth travels around the sun, what happens to its speed?
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It gets faster when closer to the sun.
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What does the term "terrestrial" mean when referring to a planet?
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Rocky
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Name the four terrestrial planets.
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars (More Vegetables, Earlier Morning)
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Which planet is Earth's "twin"?
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Venus
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Which planet has the largest mountain in the solar system?
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Mars
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What exists between Mars and Jupiter?
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Asteroid Belt
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Name the four planets that are Gas Giants
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (Just Stay Up Now)
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Which planet has the most moons?
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Jupiter
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Which planet has rings that are visible from Earth?
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Saturn
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Which planet's axis is perpendicular to the other planets?
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Uranus
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What color are Uranus and Neptune?
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Blue
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What color is Mars?
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Red
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Which planet is less dense than water?
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Saturn
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Which planet has a Great Red Spot?
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Jupiter
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Which planet is the only one to have liquid water?
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Earth
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Which planet's day is twice as long as it's year?
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Venus
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What is a ball of dust and ice that forms a tail when near the sun?
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Comet
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What is the name of the galaxy that our solar system is in?
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Milky Way
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What is the shape of the galaxy that we are in?
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Spiral
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What do astronomers believe to be in the center of our galaxy?
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A Black Hole
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What is a collection of stars that form recognizable group?
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Constellation
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What star is above the Earth's north pole?
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Polaris
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Planets have "retrograde" motion which means that they
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Have backwards motion/ move backwards
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Mercury and Venus are always seen near the...
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Sun
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Other than the moon, what is the brightest thing in our night sky?
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Venus
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What is the brightest star in our night sky?
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Procyon
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What would you find out about a star by using "triangulation"?
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How far the star is
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You would view spectral lines of star light to know what ________ are in a star
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Elements
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There is a relationship between how hot a star is and its...?
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Color
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What are the CLASSES of stars from hottest to coolest?
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O, B, A, F, G, K, M (Oh Be A Fine Girl Kiss Me)
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What color is the hottest star?
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Violet
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What color is the coolest star?
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Red
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You can simply look at a star to see how ______ it is.
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Bright
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How much light leaves a star is called its
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Luminosity
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What are three types of stars labeled on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?
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White Dwarves, Red Giants, and Main Sequence Stars
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What is true of Main Sequence Stars when they have great luminosity?
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High Temperature
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What type of stars are small but very hot?
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White Dwarves
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What type of stars are very large but cooler in temperature?
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Red Giants
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On what does the light-collecting power of a telescope depend?
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The area of opening through which light enters
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What is the same for all types of electromagnetic radiation?
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Speed
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What type of radiation does not have to be observed above Earth's atmosphere?
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Visible Light
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During which of the following is the sun directly overhead at 23.5 degrees North Latitude?
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Summer Solstice
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Which of the following provides evidence that earth is rotating?
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The plane of a Foucault pendulum appears to shift its orientation
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Which of the following is in correct order?
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Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter
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Which is the brightest star as seen from Earth?
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Procyon
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Which is the brightest star as seen from 10 parsecs?
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Becrux
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Which is the dimmest star as seen from 10 parsecs?
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Procyon
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Which of the following is not part of the sun's atmosphere?
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The solar wind
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Which type of spectrum, if any, does the sun emit?
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The radiative zone
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Where does the nuclear fusion in the sun occur?
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In the core
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If a star begins its evolution with 10 times the mass of the sun, but ends with 2 times the mass of the sun, what type of object does it form?
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A neutron star
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What are the oldest objects in the Milky Way?
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Globular Clusters
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Where in the Milky Way are new stars being formed?
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In the spiral arms
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Where does the energy emitted from AGN's and quasars most probably come from?
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Material falling into a supermassive black hole
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What theory proposes that the universe does not change with time?
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The steady-state universe theorem
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What is the origin of the cosmic background radiation?
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It is a remnant of the Big Bang
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In the Big Bang model, what term describes a universe that will stop expanding and begin to contract?
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Closed
