question

Which of the following statements about e-commerce in the United States in 2014 is not true?

answer

Growth rates for retail e-commerce are higher in the United States than in China.

question

In 2014, roughly ________ million people in the United States accessed the Internet via tablets.

answer

147

question

Which of the following is not a major business trend in e-commerce in 2014-2015?

answer

Small businesses and entrepreneurs are hampered by the rising cost of market entry caused by increased presence of industry giants.

question

All of the following are major technology trends in e-commerce in 2014-2015 except:

answer

cloud computing enables the creation of Big Data.

question

Which of the following is not a unique feature of e-commerce technology?

answer

information asymmetry

question

Which of the following features of e-commerce technology enables merchants to market and sell "complex" goods and services to consumers via marketing messages that can integrate video, audio, and text?

answer

richness

question

Which of the following features of e-commerce technology allows users to participate in the creation of online content?

answer

social technology

question

Which of the following is the best definition of transaction cost?

answer

the cost of participating in a market

question

In 2014, the world's online population was estimated to be around:

answer

2.8 billion

question

All of the following are major social trends in e-commerce in 2014-2015 except for:

answer

the refusal of online retailers to accept taxation of Internet sales.

question

Which of the following features of e-commerce technology is related to the concept of network externalities?

answer

universal standards

question

Which of the following statements is true about the traditional tradeoff between the richness and reach of a marketing message prior to the development of the Web?

answer

The larger the audience reached, the less rich the message.

question

Which of the following is not a major business trend in e-commerce in 2014-2015?

answer

the weakening revenues of B2B e-commerce.

question

Which type of e-commerce is distinguished by the type of technology used in the transaction rather than by the nature of the market relationship?

answer

mobile e-commerce

question

Which of the following describes the basic Web policy of large firms during the Invention period?

answer

Maintain a basic, static Web site depicting the firm's brand.

question

The size of the B2B market in 2014 was estimated to be around:

answer

$5.7 trillion

question

Interactivity in the context of e-commerce provides which of the following functionalities?

answer

the enabling of two-way communication between consumer and merchant

question

Which of the following statements about the Web is not true?

answer

The Web is the technology upon which the Internet is based.

question

In 2014, there were an estimated ________ Internet hosts.

answer

1 billion

question

All of the following can be considered a precursor to e-commerce except:

answer

the development of the smartphone.

question

Which of the following was the first truly large-scale digitally enabled transaction system in the B2C arena?

answer

the French Minitel

question

In which year can e-commerce be said to have begun?

answer

1995

question

Business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce in the United States:

answer

has grown at double-digit rates between 2010 and 2014.

question

Which of the following is not true about the use of apps?

answer

Users still spend less time using apps than they do using desktops or mobile Web sites.

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of e-commerce during the Invention period?

answer

disintermediation

question

All of the following are characteristics of Web 2.0 sites and applications except:

answer

they rely solely on mobile access to the Web.

question

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a perfect competitive market?

answer

It is highly regulated.

question

All of the following were visions of e-commerce expressed during the early years of e- commerce except:

answer

fast follower advantage.

question

Unfair competitive advantages occur when:

answer

one competitor has an advantage others cannot purchase.

question

The early years of e-commerce were driven by all of the following factors except:

answer

an emphasis on exploiting traditional distribution channels.

question

The early years of e-commerce are considered:

answer

a stunning technological success as the Internet and the Web increased from a few thousand to billions of e-commerce transactions per year.

question

Which of the following best describes the early years of e-commerce?

answer

They were a technological success but a mixed business success.

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Reinvention phase of e-commerce?

answer

expansion of e-commerce to include services as well as goods

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Consolidation phase of e-commerce?

answer

brand extension and strengthening becomes more important that creating new brands

question

Which of the following is not true regarding e-commerce today?

answer

The market middlemen disappeared.

question

Which of the following types of merchants has the highest share of retail online sales?

answer

virtual (Web only)

question

Retail chains account for around ________ % of online retail firm revenues.

answer

35

question

One of the predictions for the future of e-commerce is that:

answer

overall revenues from e-commerce will grow at an annualized rate of about 13% a year through 2018.

question

Which of the following is the top-selling online retail category?

answer

computers/electronics

question

Which business application is associated with the technological development of local area networks and client/server computing?

answer

workgroup automation (e.g., document sharing)

question

Which of the following is one of the three primary societal issues related to e-commerce?

answer

intellectual property

question

________ and ________ are typically the most easily identifiable aspects of a company's business model.

answer

Value proposition; revenue model

question

All of the following are using a subscription revenue model for e-books except:

answer

Barnes and Noble.

question

Which element of the business model addresses the question of why a customer should buy from the firm?

answer

value proposition

question

Which element of the business model relates to the power of customers and suppliers with respect to a business?

answer

competitive environment

question

A firm's ________ describes how a firm will produce a superior return on invested capital.

answer

revenue model

question

The ability to retain user attention and engagement is an important attribute for which revenue model?

answer

advertising revenue model

question

Which of the following is an example of the affiliate revenue model?

answer

MyPoints

question

Which of the following factors is not a significant influence on a company's competitive environment?

answer

the availability of supportive organizational structures

question

Which of the following would be considered an indirect competitor of Travelocity?

answer

Expedia

question

The existence of a large number of competitors in any one market segment may indicate:

answer

the market is saturated.

question

A perfect market is one in which:

answer

there are no competitive advantages or asymmetries because all firms have equal access to all the factors to production.

question

All of the following use an advertising revenue model except:

answer

Amazon

question

Organizations that typically provide an array of services to start-up companies along with a small amount of funding are referred to as:

answer

incubators

question

The overall retail market in the United States in 2017 was estimated at about:

answer

$4.7 trillion.

question

In general, the key to becoming a successful content provider is to:

answer

own the content being provided.

question

The basic value proposition of community providers is:

answer

they offer a fast, convenient one-stop site where users can focus on their most important concerns and interests.

question

What is the primary revenue model for an e-distributor?

answer

sales

question

W.W. Grainger is an example of which of the following business models?

answer

e-distributor

question

________ create and sell access to digital markets.

answer

E-procurement firms

question

Which of the following may offer its customers value chain management software?

answer

E-procurement firms

question

Over the past decade, the number of exchanges has:

answer

diminished sharply.

question

SupplyOn is an example of a(n):

answer

industry consortium.

question

Which of the following gives a business model the most credibility with outside investors?

answer

the firm's management team

question

Which of the following statements about Foursquare is not true?

answer

Foursquare's business model faces significant intellectual property concerns.

question

Which type of investor typically becomes interested in a start-up company after it has begun generating revenue?

answer

venture capital investors

question

Which of the following features of e-commerce technology changes industry structure by lowering barriers to entry but greatly expands the market at the same time?

answer

global reach

question

Which of the following is not a primary activity in a firm value chain?

answer

finance/accounting

question

A ________ is a networked business ecosystem that coordinates a firm's suppliers, distributors, and delivery firms with its own production needs using an Internet-based supply chain management system.

answer

value web

question

If you wished to leverage the ubiquitous nature of the Web to differentiate your product, you would:

answer

enable individual customization of the product by consumers.

question

During which period of time did the Institutionalization phase of Internet development take place?

answer

1975-1995

question

Which of the following occurred during the Commercialization phase of Internet development?

answer

NSF privatized the operation of the Internet's backbone.

question

During which phase of the development of the Internet was the personal computer invented?

answer

Institutional phase

question

The Transport Layer of TCP/IP is responsible for which of the following?

answer

providing communication with the application by acknowledging and sequencing the packets to and from the application

question

The Internet Layer of TCP/IP is responsible for which of the following?

answer

addressing, packaging, and routing messages

question

Which of the following is not a concern about IoT?

answer

the high cost of sensors

question

The address used by a browser to identify the location of content on the Web is called:

answer

a uniform resource locator.

question

Which of the following organizations coordinates the Internet's systems of unique identifiers, such as IP addresses and top-level domain systems?

answer

ICANN

question

Which of the following is not an advantage of client/server computing over centralized mainframe computing?

answer

Each client added to the network increases the network's overall capacity and transmission speeds.

question

Where does TLS operate within TCP/IP?

answer

between the Transport Layer and the Application Layer

question

How long does it take for 300,000 X-rays to be transmitted on a 100-gbps network?

answer

1 minute

question

TCP/IP operates in which layer of Internet architecture?

answer

Transport Services and Representation Standards layer

question

The Web runs in which layer of Internet architecture?

answer

Applications layer

question

The layer of Internet architecture that ties the applications to the communications network and includes such services as security and authentication is called the:

answer

Middleware Services layer.

question

The backbone of the Internet is formed by:

answer

Network Service Providers (NSPs)

question

When talking about the physical elements of the Internet, the term redundancy refers to:

answer

multiple duplicate devices and paths in a network built so that data can be rerouted if a breakdown occurs.

question

Which source of e-commerce revenues has grown from nearly zero prior to 2007 to an estimated $84 billion in 2014?

answer

mobile B2C e-commerce

question

What type of Internet access technology are Google and Facebook hoping to use to provide Internet access to remote parts of the world?

answer

drones

question

The ________ is a consortium of corporations, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations that monitors Internet policies and practices.

answer

Internet Society (ISOC)

question

The ________ helps define the overall structure of the Internet.

answer

IAB

question

Which of the following is not a limitation of the current Internet?

answer

Which of the following is not a limitation of the current Internet?

question

Which of the following statements about fiber-optic cable is not true?

answer

It enables better data security than coaxial cable.

question

Which of the following organizations involved with Internet governance has the United States recently announced it would transition control of?

answer

IANA

question

Which of the following technologies has enabled the Internet to grow exponentially to support millions of users, without overloading the network architecture?

answer

client/server networking

question

The major technologies used with wireless local area networks are:

answer

Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.

question

Internet traffic is predicted to do which of the following over the next 5 years?

answer

triple

question

Which of the following is a high-speed, medium-range, broadband wireless metropolitan area network?

answer

WiMAX

question

You could expect to find all of the following services in a Web server software package except:

answer

an RSS aggregator.

question

The concept behind document formatting had its roots in which of the following?

answer

GML

question

All of the following are characteristics of HTML5 except:

answer

support for digital rights management.

question

All of the following are true about iPhone apps except:

answer

They are cross-platform, open-source applications.

question

All of the following experienced high-profile data breaches in 2013 except:

answer

Sony.

question

The overall rate of online credit card fraud is ________ % of all online card transactions.

answer

less than 1

question

________ refers to the ability to ensure that e-commerce participants do not deny their online actions.

answer

Nonrepudiation

question

Which of the following is an example of an integrity violation of e-commerce security?

answer

An unauthorized person intercepts an online communication and changes its contents.

question

________ refers to the ability to ensure that an e-commerce site continues to function as intended.

answer

Availability

question

An example of an online privacy violation is:

answer

your online purchasing history being sold to other merchants without your consent.

question

Which of the following is not a key point of vulnerability when dealing with e-commerce?

answer

the credit card companies

question

Which of the following is a prominent hacktivist group?

answer

Anonymous

question

Most of the world's malware is delivered via which of the following?

answer

Trojan horses

question

Next generation firewalls provide all of the following except:

answer

the ability to automatically update applications with security patches

question

Which dimension(s) of security is spoofing a threat to?

answer

integrity and authenticity

question

All the following statements about symmetric key cryptography are true except:

answer

symmetric key cryptography is computationally slower.

question

The Data Encryption Standard uses a(n) ________-bit key.

answer

56

question

All of the following statements about public key cryptography are true except:

answer

public key cryptography ensures authentication of the sender.

question

All of the following statements about PKI are true except:

answer

PKI guarantees that the verifying computer of the merchant is secure.

question

Which of the following dimensions of e-commerce security is not provided for by encryption?

answer

availability

question

All of the following are methods of securing channels of communication except:

answer

FTP.

question

A ________ is hardware or software that acts as a filter to prevent unwanted packets from entering a network.

answer

firewall

question

Proxy servers are also known as:

answer

dual home systems

question

All of the following are used for authentication except:

answer

packet filters

question

What is the first step in developing an e-commerce security plan?

answer

Perform a risk assessment.

question

Online bill payment now accounts for ________ of all bill payments, while paper checks account for ________.

answer

more than 50%, less than 25%

question

To allow lower-level employees access to the corporate network while preventing them from accessing private human resources documents, you would use:

answer

an authorization management system.

question

Zeus is an example of which of the following?

answer

trojan horse

question

All of the following statements about Apple Pay are true except which of the following?

answer

Apple Pay is available for both iPhone 5s and iPhone 6s.

question

PayPal is an example of what type of payment system?

answer

online stored value payment system

question

In May 2014, the U.S. Department of Justice indicted five army members from which of the following countries for conducting industrial espionage against U.S. Steel and Westinghouse?

answer

China

question

Rustock is an example of which of the following?

answer

botnet

question

Which of the following is not a major trend in e-commerce payments in 2014-2015?

answer

Mobile retail payment volume decreases.

question

Malware that comes with a downloaded file that a user requests is called a:

answer

drive-by download.

question

Which of the following is not an example of a PUP?

answer

drive-by download

question

All of the following are limitations of the existing online credit card payment system except:

answer

cost to consumers

question

Which of the following is a set of short-range wireless technologies used to share information among devices within about 2 inches of each other?

answer

NFC

question

Around ________ % of households in the United States have broadband access to the Internet.

answer

75

question

Google introduced which of the following changes to its search algorithm in 2011 to weed out low quality sites from search results?

answer

Panda

question

Which of the following online advertising formats attracted the least amount of spending in 2014?

answer

email

question

Which of the following would you implement to collect and analyze your company's Big Data?

answer

Hadoop

question

Which of the following forms of online advertising is expected to grow the fastest between 2014 and 2018?

answer

rich media

question

If you want to determine the size of your Web site's audience, the metric you will use for the most accurate measurement will be:

answer

unique visitors.

question

In 2014, what was the approximate Internet penetration rate for individuals that have attained less than a high-school education?

answer

75%

question

Which of the following is not one of the four main methods advertisers use to behaviorally target ads?

answer

Nielsen ratings

question

Which of the following search engine algorithm updates enables Google's search engine to evaluate an entire sentence rather than just a key word?

answer

Hummingbird

question

Which of the following is not true about search engine advertising?

answer

Search engine advertising is the fastest growing type of online advertising.

question

Which of the following is not a practice that degrades the results and usefulness of search engines?

answer

social search

question

"Shoppers" constitute approximately ________ % of the online Internet audience.

answer

90

question

Which of the following is the top reason why consumers choose the online channel?

answer

lower prices

question

Which of the following is not a primary source of ad fraud?

answer

native advertising that is displayed on a social media site

question

In the first 8 months of 2014, the percentage of all e-mail that is spam averaged around ________ %.

answer

60

question

In modeling online consumer behavior, the concept of "consumer skills" refers to the:

answer

knowledge consumers have about how to conduct online transactions.

question

Which of the following statements about CAN-SPAM is not true?

answer

CAN-SPAM prohibits unsolicited e-mail (spam).

question

Which of the following statements about Canada's anti-spam law is not true?

answer

The law has no impact on companies located within the United States.

question

Which of the following is the most important tool in establishing a relationship with the customer?

answer

company Web site

question

Impressions are a measure of the:

answer

number of times an ad is served.

question

Hits are a measure of the:

answer

number of http requests.

question

Which of the following statements about the Internet's impact on marketing is not true?

answer

The Internet has decreased the impact of brands.

question

Which of the following features of e-commerce technology has reduced the cost of delivering marketing messages and receiving feedback from users?

answer

universal standards

question

Which of the following features of e-commerce technology allows fine-grained, highly detailed information on consumers' real-time behavior to be gathered and analyzed?

answer

information density

question

The richness made possible by e-commerce technologies does which of the following?

answer

It allows video, audio, and text to be integrated into a single marketing message and consuming experience.

question

Purchasing an online ad on a CPA basis means that the advertiser:

answer

pays only for those users who perform a specific action, such as registering, purchasing, etc.

question

All of the following statements about cookies are true except:

answer

the data typically stored in cookies includes a unique ID and e-mail address.

question

A Web beacon is:

answer

a tiny graphics file embedded in an e-mail or Web page.

question

Which of the following examples illustrates the "Long Tail" phenomenon?

answer

Over 50% of Netflix's 100,000 titles are rented at least once a day by someone.

question

A ________ is a repository of customer information that records all of the contacts that a customer has with a firm and generates a customer profile available to everyone in the firm with a need to know the customer.

answer

CRM system

question

Which of the following measures the average length of stay at a Web site?

answer

stickiness

question

Acquisition rate is a measure of the:

answer

percentage of visitors who indicate an interest in a site's products by registering or visiting a product's pages.

question

Recency refers to the:

answer

time elapsed since the last action taken by a customer.

question

Which of the following is not a feature that is driving the growth of social marketing and advertising?

answer

affiliate programs

question

Which of the following measures the ratio of items purchased to product views?

answer

browse-to-buy ratio

question

The Nike iD program is an example of which of the following marketing techniques?

answer

customer co-production

question

Which of the following statements about a free pricing strategy is false?

answer

The free pricing strategy was born in the early days of the Web.

question

All of the following are fixed price strategies except:

answer

yield management.

question

The second most popular social network in terms of average minutes per visitor is:

answer

Tumblr

question

Which of the following is the first step in the social marketing process?

answer

fan acquisition

question

Encouraging users to click a Like button is an example of which step in the social marketing process?

answer

amplification

question

Which of the following statements about Graph Search is not true?

answer

It relies on Google to supplement its search results.

question

Which ethical principle tells you that it is wise to assume perfect information markets?

answer

the New York Times test

question

Which of the following basic ethical concepts plays an important role in defining privacy?

answer

due process

question

Which of the following is not aimed at strengthening the ability of law enforcement agencies to monitor Internet users without their knowledge?

answer

the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act

question

Which of the following is a tiered notice and response system aimed at reducing copyright infringement over P2P networks?

answer

the CAS

question

Which of the following statements about industry self-regulation regarding privacy is not true?

answer

The NAI's privacy policies have established the TRUSTe seal.

question

Which of the following requires financial institutions to inform consumers of their privacy policies and permits consumers some control over their records?

answer

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act

question

A social consequence of the richness of Internet information is:

answer

very persuasive messages might reduce the need for multiple independent sources of information.

question

Which of the following is a core Fair Information Practices (FIP) principle?

answer

Choice/Consent

question

"Do Not Track" falls under which of the following principles in the FTC's new privacy framework?

answer

Simplified Choice

question

Which case was instrumental in paving the way for Internet business methods patents?

answer

State Street Bank & Trust Co. v. Signature Financial Group, Inc.

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