Dynamics and Kinematics

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Force formula
answer
F = ma
question
dynamics
answer
the description of *what* causes things to move
question
kinematics
answer
the description of *how* things move; measures the positions, speed or velocity, and acceleration of objects
question
vector
answer
a measurable quantity that has both a scalar value *and* a direction associated with it
question
scalar
answer
any measurable quantity that can be completely described with a single piece of information; can be positive, negative, or zero
question
displacement
answer
change in position that involves a distance *and* a direction
question
distance
answer
a positive scalar quantity; no direction associated with it
question
speed
answer
the rate of motion; scalar quantity
question
rate
answer
compares the change in the value of a quantity to a certain span of time
question
speed formula
answer
V = d/Δt
question
average speed
answer
total distance divided by the total time
question
velocity
answer
rate of displacement; vector quantity
question
acceleration
answer
rate of change of the speed or velocity during a given time interval
question
acceleration formula
answer
a = Δv/Δt
question
force
answer
a push or a pull on a system
question
force vector
answer
*F*
question
unit of force
answer
newton (N)
question
newton
answer
1 kg*m/s2
question
contact forces
answer
act only when one system touches another; caused by the attraction or repulsion of atom-sized particles; a.k.a. mechanical forces
question
field force
answer
acts between the objects that are not touching; matter is not needed to transmit them; \"action-at-a-distance\" force
question
weight
answer
the gravitational attraction exerted on an object's mass by the earth
question
proportionality constant
answer
9.81 N/kg
question
inertia
answer
the property of a body by which it remains at rest or continues moving in a straight line unless acted upon by a directional force
question
Law of Inertia/Newton's First Law
answer
An object will not move by itself and that, once in motion, it won't stop unless some force acts upon it
question
Law of Accelerated Motion/Newton's Second Law
answer
When you push an object with more force, it will move faster and farther away.
question
Law of Action-Reaction/Newton's Third Law
answer
For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.
question
normal
answer
\"perpendicular to\"
question
friction
answer
a contact force that opposes the movement of objects past each other
question
gravity
answer
a basic property of all matter; depends on the masses of the two objects and the distance between their centers
question
law of universal gravitation
answer
Simply: if you double one of the masses, you double the gravitational force
question
air resistance
answer
friction on an object moving through the air
question
free fall
answer
objects that fall due to gravity alone (no other forces are acting upon it whatsoever)
question
gravitational acceleration
answer
9.81 m/s2
question
weight formula
answer
w = mg
question
terminal velocity
answer
the constant velocity of an object's fall
question
momentum
answer
a property that determines how much force is required to change their motion; vector quantity; has magnitude and direction
question
momentum formula
answer
*p* = m*v*
question
linear momentum
answer
momentum of a system moving in a straight path
question
angular momentum
answer
momentum of a rotating object; depends on the mass of the system, how fast it is rotating, and the distance of its mass from the axis of rotation
question
impulsive forces
answer
considered to act during short periods of time and being much larger than the other forces acting on a system
question
conservation of momentum
answer
Momentum of a system remains constant when there are no net external forces acting on it.
question
law of universal gravitation formula
answer
Fg = G Mm/r2
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New