Death And Dying Final – Flashcards

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All of the following are definitions of suicide EXCEPT
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the human act of self-inflicted, unintentional cessation
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According to statistics, about how many people end their lives by suicide each year in the United States?
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38,000
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Among those who die by suicide
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Males outnumber females by about 4 to 1
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What is an impartial investigation by behavioral scientists to look for the motivational or intentional aspects of cases of ambiguous death?
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Psychological autopsy
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The 1989 explosion aboard the USS Iowa brought increased public attention to the use of
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Psychological Autopsies
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The model of suicide that focuses on the relationship between individuals and society is called the
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Sociological model
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A psychological autopsy is
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A method of determining a person's thoughts and state of mind prior to death.
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In India, the custom that called for a widow to throw herself upon her husband's cremation pyre is known as
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Sati
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The largest mass suicide in modern times occurred in
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Jonestown, Guyana
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According to teh sociological model, anomic suicides usually occur in societies wherein
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Social regulation is insufficient
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According to the sociological model, fatalistic suicide
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Results from lack of freedom and absence of choice
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According to the psychological model, the aggression associated with suicidal behavior may be viewed as
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Murder of the self
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Within the "Intentioned death" category of death-related behaviors, a death seeker is someone who
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...
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What term applies to the suggestion of suicidal behavior
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Werther-effect
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In what year were there more deaths in the military from suicide than from combat?
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2002
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What profession in the United States loses, on average, as many as 400 people to suicide each year?
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High School Principles
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Of the individuals who die by suicide, approximately how many write a final message?
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1 in 6
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In carrying out their mission, suicide prevention centers and crisis hotlines use
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Crisis intervention strategies
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In relation to suicide, the term postvention refers to
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Assistance given to all survivors of suicide
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Attempted Suicide
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Suicidal behavior associated with a "cry for help" in which the aim of the behavior is to communicate to others how desperate or unhappy the attempter feels.
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Copycat Suicide
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A type of cluster suicide, especially when imitation occurs in connection with the depiction of a suicide in the media.
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Cry for help
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The idea that much suicidal behavior involves a drastic action whose goal is not death, but rather to force some change or solve some problem.
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Depression
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A state of feeling sad or a mental disorder distinguished by sadness, inactivity, feelings of dejection and hopelessness, and sometimes suicidal thoughts or tendencies.
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Hopelessness
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A key aspect of depression, especially as it occurs in suicidal thoughts and behavior.
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Intervention
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In suicidology, short-term care and treatment of persons who are actively experiencing a suicidal crisis.
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Psychological Autopsy
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An investigative technique used by behavioral scientists in cases of equivocal death that involves gathering information about the deceased and circumstances of death to determine the probable mode of death.
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Seppukn
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Literally, "ritual disembowelment"; a type of culturally accepted suicide associated with samurai warriors in feudal Japan who sacrificed their lives to maintain the honor or reputation of their lords, also known as hara-kiri.
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Suicide Pact
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An arrangement between two or more individuals who determine to kill themselves at the same time and usually in the same place.
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Victim-precipitated Homicide
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A type of suicidal behavior in which an individual deliberately provokes others in ways that lead to their unwitting help in causing his or her own death.
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Of all the deaths that may be experienced in childhood, the most affecting is likely to be the death of a
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Parent
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If a child believes that he or she may have played a role in the events leading to a death, what emotion might be expected to predominate?
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Guilt
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The psychosocial effects of war and murder lead to high levels of
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Traumatic reactions
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Adolescents' responses to the September 11, 2001 terror attacks included
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Fear and concern about dying from other disasters
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Children can experience "survivor's guilt" as young as
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Four years old
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Coping with the death of a parent may be complicated when the death results from 1. Cancer 2. Suicide 3. Homicide 4.Stoke
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2 and 3
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A parent's death is perceived as a loss of security, affection and
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Nurture
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To help them cope with disturbing thoughts and feelings, seriously ill children need
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Mental first aid
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For a school-age child experiencing a serious illness, major issues include
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A sense of stigma, impaired self concept, and side effects of treatment
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Spontaneous drawings and art therapy are _______ methods for working with young children to help them explore feelings
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Excellent
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Which is a suggestion for communicating with a seriously ill two year old child?
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Provide maximum physical relief and comfort
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A coping strategy in which ill children limit the number of people with whom they have a close relationship is
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Distancing
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Sick children competing in a wheelchair race through hospital corridors is an example of what coping mechanism?
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Finding a substitute for a desired activity
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Community support has generally been shown to
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Be an important supplement to a family's internal support system
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When parents explain death to children, they should
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Be honest
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When talking to children about death, it is important to
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Verify and clarify what they think you've told them
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Which of the following is important in discussing death with a child before a crisis occurs?
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Provide an explanation that corresponds to teh child's level of understanding
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The Sunshine Foundation grants the wishes of children who have been given a limited or uncertain prognosis.
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True
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Online social networking is a form of support for teens with chronic illness
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True
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Children, unlike adults, use very few coping mechanisms as they confront their illness
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False
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The desire for immortality has its own pitfalls" is a message communicated in a
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Chinese Folktale
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The study of death and dying
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Can be academically intriguing
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Heritage is best understood by exploring cultural associations, social class, and
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Spirituality
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What is the term used for encounters with death where massive loss of life typically occurs?
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Megadeath
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In Japan, karoshi is
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Sudden death from overwork
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The Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011 triggered a massive tsunami causing significant damage to Japan's
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Nuclear reactors
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In the wake of a disaster, the survivors may experience a/an marked by a profound sense of emptiness and despair.
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Existential crisis
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Among the first steps to be taken in responding to a disaster are a set of core actions collectively defined as
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Psychological first aid
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Interpersonal violence
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Is a public health problem
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The most threatening of violent acts are those that occur without apparent cause and when the victim is
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Selected seemingly at random
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Regarding familicide
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Men are more likely to kill both their children and their spouse
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The term psychic maneuver is used to describe
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Factors that facilitate homicidal acts
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Studies show violence is reduced when
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Residents work together to create a safe and orderly enviroment
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Which of the following abrogates, or nullifies, conventional sanctions against killing by substituting a different set of conventions and rules about moral conduct?
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War
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What is the most characteristic feature of the modern war machine?
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Technological alienation
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A characteristic self-protective human response to mass death and carnage is
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Psychic numbing
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According to Arnold Toynbee, one of the conventions of warfare that turns civilians into soldiers is
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Dressing the part
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What is considered the "signature" of recent wars?
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Traumatic brain injuries
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Genocide involves efforts to
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Destroy an entire national or political group
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Aaron Beck describes terrorists as
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Prisoners of hate
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What is a rapidly spreading disease or condition?
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Epidemic
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Amplification Effect
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A process whereby the actions of terrorists are broadcast through the mass media to a larger audience than such acts would have in the location where they occur.
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Emerging disease
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Infections diseases that emerge suddenly as potential epidemic threats to health and well-being
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Genocide
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The deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, religious, political, cultural, or ethnic group
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Haiku obit
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A term used to describe the brief vignettes that highlighted the life stories and interests of individuals killed in the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in September, 2001 and printed in a series entitled "Portraits of Grief" as a unique form of tribute, witness, and solace.
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Horrendous Death
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A key aspect of depression, especially as it occurs in suicidal thoughts and behavior
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Psychic Maneuvers
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Personal, social, and cultural factors that tend to facilitate violence and homicidal acts
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Social Thanatology
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A term coined by Rodrick and Deborah Wallace to describe the physical and social disruption of inner-city urban areas that tends to intensify pathological behaviors and conditions, thereby promoting the rapid spread of infectious diseases.
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Wrong Death
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When death occurs due to the negligence or misconduct of another individual or entity. Implies that death could have been avoided by different actions or choices on the part of the person(s) involved; thus, there is someone to blame or hold accountable.
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The notion that life continues after death
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Is one of the oldest human concepts
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What has been characterized as the "most persistent image of afterlife in the history of religion"?
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Rebirth
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The ancient Hebrews praised righteous conduct because
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It leads to harmony in the present life
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In, The Apology, Socrates describes death as
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Either eternal bliss or deamless sleep
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Who emphasized the dualism of the body and soul?
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Plato
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Historically, in Christian beliefs, the intermediate state where an opportunity for purification is offered to eliminate any remaining obstacles to full enjoyment of eternal union with god is called
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Purgatory
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In teh writings of Dante and Thomas Aquinas, earlier concepts of death are subordinated to an emphasis on
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Immortality of the soul
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Islamic teachings about death include the idea that
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God determines a person's lifespan
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In China, what addressed the inner world of spiritual exploration and transformation?
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Daoism
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Samsara refers to a
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Process of passing through a series of incarnation experiences
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The Buddhist term nirvana is best defined as
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Extinction
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Pictures of ultimate states and doctrines of last things are referred to as
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Eschatologies
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Approximately what percentage of people in the United States say they believe in life after death?
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80 percent
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All of the following are characteristics of near-death experiences EXCEPT
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a weakened self-confidence
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Panoramic memory usually involves
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Visions and review of the person's whole life or selected highlights of it
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Psychoanalytic pioneer Oskar Pfister attributed the near-death experiences of skiers and climbers to
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Psychological defense mechanisms
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According to Russell Noyes and Roy Kletti, what are the three stages in the typical near-dearth experience?
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Resistance, life review, transcendence
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In the 1960s, Eric Kast pioneered the therapeutic use of LSD with the goal of
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Easing the physical and mental pain experienced by dying patients
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In terms of the "wall/door" metaphor discussed in the text, Hindus would most likely view death as
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A door
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