CSET Social Science Subtest 2 – Flashcards
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Who helped early settlers survive the hard winter by teachig them the native methods of planting corn, squash, and pumpkins?
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Squanto (an Algonquian)
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Who was a liaison to John Smith's Jamestown colony in 1607?
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Pocahontas
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Who was a Shoshone Indian who played a vital role in the Lewis and Clark expedition when to explorers hire her as a guide in 1805
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Sacagawea
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Who led the Sioux and Cheyenne troops in the Battle of Little Bighorn in 1876, soundly deafening George Armstrong Custer?
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Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull
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Which leader of the Nez Perce settled peaceful interaction with white settlers and attempted to relocate his tribe to Canada rather than move them to a reservation.
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Chief Joseph
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What tribe in the eastern part of United States lived in wigwams? There Northern tribes relied on hunting and gathering while those farther south grew crops such as corn.
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Algonquians
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What tribe lived on the east coast, spoke a different language from the Algonquians and lived in rectangle houses?
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Iroquois
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Document signed by 41 English colonists aboard the Mayflower on November 11th 1620. It was the first written framework of government establishment in what is now the United States. Establishing a democratic government with appointed leaders.
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Mayflower Compact
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A group of "separatists" that gave up hope of reformation within the Anglican Church and wanted to separate from it to start their own churches. Settled in Plymouth. (A group of approximately 100 working class people, no live stock)
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Pilgrims
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Sought to "purify" their church and reform their church from within, the Church of England continued to be the official church. Settled in Salem and Boston. (Large group of 11 ships of English immigrants primarily middle-upper class brought live stock)
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Puritans
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Early colonists came looking for ___________ freedom. Those values later evolved into _________ values.
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Religious and political
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Policies that called for a national bank, tariffs, and good relations with Great Britain as expressed in the Jay Treaty negotiated in 1794. Hamilton developed the concept of implied powers and successfully argued the adoption of that interpretation of the United States Constitution.
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Federalist
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The movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution. The previous constitution, called the Articles of Confederation, gave state governments more authority.
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Anti-Federalism
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The idea the God blessed and endorsed the American people to expand west to spread ideals.
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Manifest Destiny
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1000 A.D.
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Leif Ericsson visits what is now Northeastern Canada
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Oct. 12, 1492
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Christopher Columbus lands on an island in what is now the Bahamas, "discovering" the new world.
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May 14th 1607
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English settlers "Puritans" est. colony of Jamestown, Va.
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August 1619
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A Dutch ship delivers 20 Africans as slaves to Jamestown.
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Dec. 21st 1620
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"Separatists" or "Pilgrims" from England land in Plymouth, Mass. and begin settlement.
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1754-1763
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The nine-year "French-Indian War" begins. When it's over the French control much of North America. (Know as the 7 Year War because war wasn't declared until 1756 but skirmishes started in 1754)
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March 5th 1770
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British Troops fire into a mob killing 5 men which led to intense public protest. (Boston Massacre)
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April 19th, 1775
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British soldiers and colonial militia exchange shots at Lexington and Concord, Mass. beginning the Revolutionary war.
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July 4th, 1776
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The Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence.
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Oct. 17th 1777
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6,000 British troops surrender in Saratoga, N.Y. The American victory helps convince France to enter the war on the side of the Americans.
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Oct 19th, 1781
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A large British army surrenders at Yorktown, Va. effectively ending the Revolutionary War.
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Sept. 17th 1787
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A convention of delegates in Philadelphia approves what will become the U.S. Constitution.
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April 1789
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George Washington is elected the first U.S. President.
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March 4th, 1801
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Thomas Jefferson becomes the third U.S. President.
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1803
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The U.S. Buys 828 square miles west of the Mississippi River from France. The Louisiana Purchase cost about $15 million, 3 cents an acre.
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June 18th, 1812
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Congress declares war on Britain, beginning the War of 1812.
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Jan. 8th 1815
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U.S. Forces under Andrew Jackson rout a large British force at New Orleans, two weeks after a peace treaty was signed in Europe.
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March 1820
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Congress approves the "Missouri Compromise," designed to keep a balance between free and slave states.
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March 4th, 1829
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Andrew Jackson is inaugurated as the 7th President.
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Jan. 26th 1830
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Mass. Sen. Daniel Webster gives speech in favor of preserving the Union that galvanizes support for keeping the U.S. In one piece.
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March 24th 1844
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The first telegraph message is sent between Washington and Baltimore.
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April 24th-26th 1846
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The Mexican War begins.
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Jan. 24th, 1848
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Gold is discovered in California, triggering one of the largest mass migrations in history.
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March 6th, 1852
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The U.S. Supreme Court hands down the Dred Scott decision, ruling that slaves are property and have no more rights than any other piece of property.
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Nov. 6th 1860
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Abraham Lincoln is elected the sixteenth U.S. President
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April 12th 1861 (- May 9th 1865)
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Southern forces fire on the federal Fort Sumter at Charleston, S.C., beginning the Civil War.
