question

Public-Private partnership initiative in the NYPD called _____ is geared primarily toward equipping the private sector with information and training to effectively defend against terrorism.

answer

joint-task force

question

Regardless of the size of the policing organization, this person has general administrative control and sets policy for all of the department's operating branches.

answer

Police Chief

question

How do most municipal police departments determine promotion eligibility?

answer

time-in-rank system

question

More than half of the contact that police officers engage in with civilians is spent?

answer

for traffic-related matters

question

The time-in-rank system used in police departments often discourages the:

answer

talented people (limits administrative flexibility to promote)

question

UCR data suggess that the average police officer makes less than one felony arrest every ___ months.

answer

4

question

Major purposes of police patrol:

answer

-deter crime by maintaining a visible police presence -maintain a public order (peacekeeping) within the patrol area -enable the police department to respond quickly to violations of la or other emergencies -identify and apprehend law violators -aid individuals and care for those who cannot help themselves -facilitate the movement of traffic and people -create a feeling of security in the community

question

Jurisdictions that encourage patrol officers to aggressively arrest and detain suspicious persons experience lower crime rates than other jurisdictions that do not practice this type of policing:

answer

using a proactive, agressive law enforcement styple

question

While there are many goals of patrol, most police experts agree that the majority of police patrol efforts are devoted to:

answer

order maintenance

question

What was the principle finding of the Kansas City study?

answer

There is little evidence that police patrol deters crime

question

___ policing is a department policy that emphasizes stopping crimes before they occur rather than reacting to crimes that have already occured.

answer

proactive

question

Based on research like the Kansas City study, what is the prevailing wisdom on preventive patrols?

answer

there's no clear deterrent effects of preventive patrol efforts

question

Aggressive patrol in NYC during the 1990s has been credited with a reduction in:

answer

crime rates

question

The Kansas City Gun Experiment is an example of:

answer

a police crackdown targeting a specific type of crime

question

Methods for improving patrol:

answer

-aggressive patrol -targeting specific crimes -making more arrests

question

The statement "aggressive policing increases community perception that police arrest many criminals and therefore most violators get caught" is an example of what?

answer

an example of deterrent effect

question

What was a result of the Kansas City Gun Experiment?

answer

citizens in the target area were less fearful of crime

question

The vice squad specializes in:

answer

victimless crime

question

What is the term used to describe organized groups of detectives who deceive criminals into openly committing illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity?

answer

sting operation

question

In Martin Innes' study of investigation techniques he found that police rely heavily on ____ that includes canvas of neighborhoods, interviews with friends/family and constructing victim/suspect timelines to solve a crime.

answer

interviews and forensic evidence

question

Lack sufficient resources:

answer

-unsolved cases -length of investigation -sources of information -effectiveness

question

Community policing is often exemplified by which of the following models?

answer

broken windows

question

Fundamental assumptions:

answer

-neighborhood disorder creates fear -neighborhoods give out crime-promoting signals -police need citizen cooperation

question

Community oriented policing links police effectiveness to:

answer

productive interaction with the community being serves

question

Which of the following police operations best exemplifies community oriented policing?

answer

Example: the hiring of bilingual officers to patrol ethnic neighborhoods

question

What have evaluations of foot patrol programs in New Jersey and Michigan demonstrated?

answer

citizen attitudes toward the police improved

question

The concept of hot spots of crime is most closely associated with which model of policing?

answer

problem-oriented policing (POP)

question

What is Operation Ceasefire?

answer

a problem-oriented policing intervention aimed at reducing youth homicide and youth firearms violence in Boston

question

What is the name of the police support unit that is responsible for investigating allegations of police misconduct?

answer

Internal Affairs

question

Which of the following is not one of the administrative problems of community policing?

answer

reducing police corruption

question

According to your text, an example of problem oriented policing would be:

answer

developing strategies to eliminate community problems, such as street-level drug dealers, prostitution rings, and gang hangouts and must rely on local residents and private resources in order to be problem solvers

question

(1) Which of the following officers was part of the watch system of policing that thrived in 13th century England?

answer

Watchmen, Constable, and Shire Reeve

question

The Pledge System was where people were grouped in families of 10 called _____ were entrusted with policing their own minor problems.

answer

Tithing

question

What office was created in 1326 under the watch system of policing to assist the shire reeve in controlling the county?

answer

Justice of the Peace

question

What was the name of the form of organized private police that patrolled 18th century England?

answer

Thief Takers

question

English police officers are known as bobbies because:

answer

after creator, Sir Robert Peel

question

Henry Fielding operated his own monied police that attempted to clean up earlier policing efforts by deciding which cases to investigate and which streets to protect, they were called:

answer

Bow Street Runners

question

Which American city created the first formal U.S. police department?

answer

Boston

question

The first technological breakthrough in policing came in the following area:

answer

communications

question

In early US policing which area of the country encourage individual initiative and offered rewards for the capture of felons and law breakers?

answer

the western territories

question

What was one of August Vollmer's greatest contributions to police professionalism?

answer

He instituted university training for young officers and helped develop the School of Criminology at the University of California at Berkelery

question

What federal program supported innovative research on police work and advanced training for police officers during the 1970s?

answer

the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)

question

Which federal agency has reformulated its priorities, making protection from terrorism the number one goal?

answer

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

question

Which federal law enforcement agency has unlimited jurisdiction?

answer

none do

question

What federal agency is responsible for the transportation of federal prisoners?

answer

U.S. Marshals Service

question

Since September 11, 2001, which agency is considered the main federal investigative agency for terrorism?

answer

Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (or custom border patrol, CBD?)

question

Which law enforcement agency is responsible for fugitive investigations?

answer

U.S. Marshals Service

question

What federal agency is responsible for fugitive investigations?

answer

U.S. Marshals Service

question

Customs and Border Protection is primarily responsible for America's borders and points of entry but also encompasses what other area instrumental in that protection?

answer

involved in checks in farms, ranches, traffic and transportation and traffic observation, city patrol, administrative, intelligence, and anti-smuggling activities

question

Which of the following is a branch of the Department of Homeland Security?

answer

Custom Border Protection and Secret Services

question

Which state had the earliest example of state police?

answer

Texas

question

Roughly how many metropolitan police agencies employ more than 1,000 sworn officers?

answer

70

question

Roughly how many metropolitan police agencies employ just one sworn officer?

answer

650

question

Police sketch artists and mugbooks are being replaced with what type of modern technology?

answer

Computerized imaging/software

question

What term is used to describe the use of computer software to identify geographic "hot spots" where a majority of predatory crimes are concentrated?

answer

Computer mapping/ Crime mapping

question

DNA profiling gained national attention because of the _____ trial.

answer

O.J. Simpson trial

question

AFIS is a(n):

answer

computerized automated fingerprint identification system

question

Computerized mathematical models of a suspect's face constructed from minimal information are called:

answer

computerized imaging systems/genetic algorithims

question

A DNA match indicates a four billion-to-___ chance that the suspect is the offender

answer

1

question

(3) What term is used to describe the phenomena where black officers must deal with the expectation that they will give members of their own race a break, while at the same time they experience overt racism from their police colleagues?

answer

double marginality

question

Over the years, minority officers seem to be as self assured as white officers, regardless of feeling _____ rates of job related stress and strain stemming from general police stressors

answer

similar

question

What city was the first to hire and award the title of police officer to a woman in 1910?

answer

Los Angeles

question

Surveys of male officers show that ____ (of) officers tend to view policing as a masculine profession and do not think women can handle the physical requirements of the job

answer

many

question

Education and the police:

answer

-1/3 of police agencies require some type of college requirement -more than 3x the number in 1990 -half of the departments surveyed expressed a preference for criminal justice majors

question

The blue curtain is a term used to describe:

answer

the secretive insulated police culture that isolates officers from the rest of society

question

Core beliefs at the heart of the police culture (6):

answer

-police are the only real crime fighters -no one else understands the real nature of police work -loyalty to colleagues counts above everything else -it is impossible to win the war against crime without bending the rules -members of the public are basically unsupportive and unreasonably demanding -patrol work is the pits

question

Which of the following traits is said to be found on all levels of policing?

answer

cynicism

question

an officer approaches a group of teenagers drinking beer, she checks everyone's ID and arrests all who are underage. this example best typifies which officer style?

answer

the Law Enforcer

question

An officer approaches a group of teenagers standing in a parking lot, drinking beer. She checks them for gang symbols and calls into the station to ascertain if any of them have active warrants. This officer typifies which officer style?

answer

the Crime Fighter

question

Which officer's style involves acting as problem solvers and is therefore well suited for community policing?

answer

the Social Agent

question

Which style of policing prefers to ignore or treat informally issues of concern, unless the social or political order of being jeopardized?

answer

the Social Agent

question

Which policing style utilizes the least amount of discretion?

answer

the Law Enforcer

question

Extralegal discretionary factors:

answer

-age, gender, racial characteristics, income

question

Defined as the ability to monitor one's own and others feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide ones thinking and actions is the concept of?

answer

emotional intelligence

question

Stress reduction programs:

answer

-stress training (diet information, biofeedback, relaxation and medication, and exercise) -stress management -wellness programming

question

Court decisions that limit police discretion are an example of a(n):

answer

external stressor

question

The inconvenience and physical strains that come from rotating shift work are examples of:

answer

duty stressors

question

What pattern does research reveal regarding officers' involvement in use-of-force incidents?

answer

-only a small proportion of officers are continually involved in use-of-force incidents -little evidence these are racially motivated -problem officers tend to be young and inexperienced members of the force

question

The greatest factor in controlling the use of unwarranted police brutality is/are?

answer

threat of civil judgment against individual officers

question

Justification of the use of deadly force via the "fleeing felon" rule can be traced to:

answer

English Common Law

question

Which of the following is not commonly identified as a factor related to police shootings?

answer

poverty levels

question

What U.S. Supreme court case deemed the use of deadly force against an unarmed and non-dangerous fleeing felon an illegal seizure under the Fourth Amendment?

answer

Tennessee v. Garner

question

What U.S. Supreme Court decision set forth the "reasonable officer" standard for police use of deadly force?

answer

Graham v. Connor

question

What is the lowest level of reasonable officer response mapped out in the Federal Law Enforcement training Center's use-of-force model?

answer

verbal commands

question

What was the name of the famous commission that investigated corruption in NYC in the 1970s?

answer

Knapp Commission

question

what is the term used to describe those that aggressively misuse police power for personal gain by demanding bribes, threatening legal action, or cooperating with criminals?

answer

meat eaters

question

What is the term used to describe those police officers that accept payoffs when their everyday duties place them in a position to be solicited by the public?

answer

grass eaters

question

When police routinely use excessive force against suspects, it is considered:

answer

abuse of power

question

The Mollen Commission is an example of what type of effort to control police corruption?

answer

outside review boards or special presecutors

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