CPR/AED/First Aid Test-American Red Cross – Flashcards
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When providing care to a non-critical, conscious person the first thing you should do after checking the scene and donning PPE
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gain consent
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If there is a 2nd rescuer on the scene, what do you ask this person as you begin to provide emergency care?
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Call 911, get the first aid kit, and an AED
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What is the very first thing you do before you give care
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Check that the scene is safe
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3 C's
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Check, call, care
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You must continue giving care until:
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You are too exhausted, victim wakes up and asks you to stop, scene becomes unsafe, EMS takes over
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Life-threatening conditions
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Unconscious, not breathing, no pulse, severe bleeding, shock, etc
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When do you call 911?
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No heartbeat, no breathing, significant blood loss, 3rd degree burn, stroke, anyphylaxsis
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When would you call before giving care?
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If the situation is a cardiac emergency
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When would you give care first?
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If the situation is a respiratory emergency
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What is the ratio of compressions to breaths in one person CPR?
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30:2
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What do you do if a person with a life threatening condition refuses care?
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Call 911
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What is the max amount of time you should spend checking for signs of life breathing/pulse?
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10 seconds
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How to check consciousness as a first aid responder?
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adult-tap shoulder and shout infant-tap foot and shout
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When is rescue breathing done?
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When the victim has a pulse but is not breathing
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How is rescue breathing done?
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Adult- one breath every 5 seconds Infant/child-one breath every 3 seconds
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When giving a rescue breath/ventilation during CPR or ventilations how long should the breath be delivered?
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1 second
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How long do you perform rescue breathing before rechecking for pulse?
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Two minutes, then stop and re-assess
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How deep do you give compressions?
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1.5 inches in infant 2 inches in adult or child
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How long do you do CPR before reassessing pulse or breathing?
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You do not reassess signs of life, pulse, breathing during CPR. Continue until exhausted, relieved by EMS, or patient resumes consciousness and tells you to stop.
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How do you size up the scene?
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1. scene is safe 2. PPE 3. Number of patients? 4. Nature of injuries 5. Initial impression
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How do you assess an airway in an unconscious person?
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Supine -Head- tilt/chin lift: past neutral position for an adult
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What are the links in the cardiac chain of survival?
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1. Early recognition and early access to EMS system 2. Early CPR 3. Early defibrillation 4. Early advanced medical care
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How many cycles of CPR can you complete in 2 minutes?
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5 cycles
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How does an AED work?
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Analyzes for arrhythmia, provides shock to stimulate resumption of rhythm
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What should always be used in combination with CPR?
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An AED
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What do you have to do before giving care to a child?
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Get consent from parent
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If a person is conscious and appears to have a partially obstructed airway, what should you do?
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Encourage coughing
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If a person is conscious and appears to have a fully obstructed airway, what should you do?
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Adult/child-Give 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts Infant-Give 5 back blows, then 5 chest compressions
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What should you keep in mind when caring for an infant with an obstructed airway?
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Support head/neck, keep head below chest
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Is it safe to use an AED on someone with a pacemaker, or other implanted cardiac defibrilators, and metal body piercing
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Yes but don't place pads directly over these items
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What if patient has a medication patch on and needs an AED?
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Use glove to remove medical patch first, the apply AED
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AED Pad Placement Adult
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-Upper right chest below right clavicle to the right of sternum -lower side of chest several inches below left armpit midaxillary line
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Assessment for stroke
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F.A.S.T Facial droop Arm Slurred speech Time
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Splinting Principles
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-Assess CMS before and after -ONLY splint if needed to move pt -Immobilize joints above and below broken bone -Don't splint/tie directly over injured bone -Don't realign -Try to keep joints in anatomically functional position
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Controlled Bleeding Principles
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-Use PPE -Apply direct pressure over wound -Control bleeding before positioning for shock -Assess CMS after bleeding controlled -Add bangages, don't remove/replace -Use proximal pressure points -Elevate to resting position above heart
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RICE
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When treating minor sprains, strains, injuries: Rest Immobilize Cold Elevate
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Care for a seizure
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Make sure area is clear to prevent injury DO NOT restrain pt or place items in the mouth. Provide for privacy if possible
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Treatment for Poisoning
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Call Poison Control and follow instructions
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Delay of defibrillation can cause a ____ increase in mortality each minute
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10%
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AED
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Automated External Defibrillator
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In a respiratory emergency (unconscious/not breathing) patient with a pulse
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First give 2 rescue breaths, then call 911
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In a cardiac emergency (unconscious/no pulse or breathing) what do you do?
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First call 911, begin 30 CPR compressions, then 2 breaths....repeat compressions and breaths until relieved or patient is revived
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An airway obstruction/choking conscious patient who cannot breath
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First give back blows and abdominal thrusts
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If an AED states "no shock advised"
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Resume CPR compressions
