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Consumer Behavior – Park University – Flashcards

Brad Bledsoe

7 July 2022

question

One primary function of Harriet's job is to study individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of her company's products and services to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. Harriet works in the field of ___

answer

consumer behavior

question

Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior?

answer

The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior.

question

Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing ____

answer

social marketing

question

How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

answer

by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does

question

Marketing strategy begins with __

answer

conducting a market analysis

question

Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting?

answer

selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve

question

A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need.

answer

product

question

Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications?

answer

all of the above are critical questions

question

Tony's job entails making sure his company's products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with?

answer

distribution

question

John purchases and is satisfied with his SUV because he believes that it provides greater crash safety than a sedan even though this is not technically true. John's satisfaction is based on the distinction between ____

answer

actual need fulfillment and perceived need fulfillment

question

Howard Industries is a computer manufacturer located in Laurel, MS. This company is interested in expanding internationally. Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy that Howard Industries needs to be aware of?

answer

nonverbal communications

question

In the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior?

answer

Culture is a simple concept.

question

___ values prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technological as well as its physical environment.

answer

Environment-oriented

question

Which value has a strong influence on entrepreneurship and economic development as well as new-product acceptance?

answer

risk taking/security

question

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing nonverbal communications?

answer

values

question

What are the two major ways time varies between cultures?

answer

perspective and interpretation

question

What is the largest single influence on the movement toward uniformity in the global youth market?

answer

mass media

question

Which of the following countries tends to value individualism over collectivism?

answer

United States

question

With respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society?

answer

size

question

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as ___

answer

standardization

question

Leigh is working on a research project for her marketing class, and her assignment is to study how Americans' values with respect to consumer behavior have changed in the past 50 years. Which of the following would give her the best insight into these changes?

answer

advertising

question

Which of the following is an emerging American value?

answer

admiring nature

question

____ is consumers' efforts to reduce their reliance on consumption and material possessions.

answer

Voluntary simplicity

question

What percentage of American adults exercise regularly?

answer

less than 50%

question

Which of the following factors had a significant impact on Americans' emphasis on security?

answer

a, b, and c

question

Which of the following is a segment used to describe consumers with respect to their environmental activism?

answer

Eco-Centrists

question

Individualism affects which of the following?

answer

all of the above

question

Which segment of environmental activists is highly dismissive of environmental concerns and doesn't believe global warming exists?

answer

Eco-Villains

question

Which of the following is an example of cause-related marketing (CRM)?

answer

A company donates $1 to Diabetes research for every purchase of its product by consumers.

question

Which consumer group is driven by a desire to help with respect to cause-related marketing programs?

answer

Socially concerned

question

Age, gender, education, occupation, and income are examples of _____ variables.

answer

demographic

question

Which of the following is NOT a reason why the population of the United States has grown steadily since 1960?

answer

increasing birth rate for most of the period between 1960 and today

question

Juan is interested in knowing occupational influences on purchases of satellite radio systems. Which of the following occupations are most likely to purchase this type of product?

answer

professional, scientific and technical

question

What is the movement called in which companies have expanded opportunities for less affluent consumers to afford luxury?

answer

class to mass

question

A(n) _____ is a group of persons who have experienced a common social, political, historical, and economic environment.

answer

age cohort

question

Which generation was born between 1965 and 1976?

answer

Generation X

question

Which social class consists of individuals who are poorly educated, have very low incomes, and work as unskilled laborers?

answer

upper-lower class

question

What two basic approaches are used to measure social status?

answer

single-item and multi-item indexes

question

Which of the following is NOT a common single-item index of social class?

answer

age

question

In the Hollingshead Index of Social Position, which is true?

answer

occupation is given a higher weight than education

question

A segment of a larger culture whose members share distinguishing values and patterns of behavior is known as a(n) _____.

answer

subculture

question

The U.S. Census overall projections of ethnic subculture size understate the importance of ethnic groups to specific _____.

answer

geographic regions

question

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethnic subcultures?

answer

All subcultures are very diverse, and general descriptions do not apply to all of the members

question

Market Segment Research found three groups of Asian Americans on the basis of their demographics and attitudes that cut across nationality groups. Which of the following is one of the segments identified?

answer

Traditionalists

question

_____ involves creating or sponsoring an event that has a particular appeal to a market segment.

answer

Event marketing

question

The degree to which an immigrant has adapted to his or her new culture is known as ____

answer

acculturation

question

Which religion heavily influences the Hispanic culture?

answer

Roman Catholicism

question

Bicultural Hispanic teens tend to ____.

answer

acculturate by adding another culture; not by replacing their first culture

question

America is basically a _____. That is, the educational system, government, and political process are not controlled by a religious group, and most people's daily behaviors are not guided by strict religious guidelines

answer

secular society

question

Which type of subculture arises as a result of climatic conditions, the natural environment and resources, the characteristics of the various immigrant groups that have settled there, and significant social and political events?

answer

regional

question

What is the basic consumption unit for most consumer goods?

answer

household

question

According to the Census Bureau, all the people who occupy a housing unit is defined as a _____

answer

household

question

When a couple has children, expenditures on which of the following does NOT usually decrease?

answer

health care

question

Tony and Katie are in their 50s, and both have careers that keep them very busy. However, their children are grown, so they have more free time and money than they used to have. Which type of product or service are they likely to spend LESS money on than they have in the past?

answer

food at home

question

The trend toward later marriage and children has resulted in which of the following?

answer

Now, 71 percent of all married couples with children under 18 fall into the middle age HLC categories of delayed full nest I and full nest II.

question

. Ray is retired, and he and his wife are both in their late 60s. They are healthy, active, and financially well-off. They purchased an RV and plan to travel to all of the continental United States. Which stage of the household life cycle describes them?

answer

empty nest II

question

Which of the following are ways to categorize family decision making?

answer

All of the above

question

Todd is fifteen years old and really enjoys using the Internet. Compared to his friends and family, he has greater knowledge about the Web-based marketplace, has more expertise in searching out and finding information and resources on the Web, and really enjoys helping others by providing information found on the Web. Todd is called a(n) _____.

answer

Internet maven

question

Which approach to conflict resolution misrepresents the facts in order to win?

answer

impression management

question

The process in which young people acquire skills, knowledge, and attitudes relevant to their functioning as consumers in the marketplaces is known as _____.

answer

consumer socialization

question

Many Jeep owners elect to become members of a Jeep _____ and attend brand fests such as Jeep Jamboree, Jeep 101, and Camp Jeep

answer

community

question

Two or more individuals who share a set of norms, values, or beliefs and have certain implicitly or explicitly defined relationships to one another such that their behaviors are interdependent is known as a(n) _____.

answer

group

question

Which type of group includes family and friends and involves strong ties and frequent interaction?

answer

primary group

question

Which category of Web 2.0 participants are bloggers and post ratings and reviews, and tend to be in their late teens to mid-twenties?

answer

critics

question

Harley-Davidson motorcycle owners that join a Harley group, Jeep owners that attend events sponsored by Jeep, and Star Trek "Trekkies" are all examples of _____.

answer

consumption subcultures

question

A _____ is a gathering of owners and others for the purposes of interacting with one another in the context of learning about and using the brand

answer

brandfest

question

In which of the following consumption situations will a reference group's influence be strongest?

answer

when the use of the product or brand is visible to the group

question

Clara had an unpleasant experience at a local restaurant at lunch one day. She went back to work and told all her coworkers about this experience, and many of them said they would never go back to that restaurant. Which type of communication is this an example of?

answer

word-of-mouth

question

Perception is a process that begins with consumer exposure and attention to marketing stimuli and ends with consumer _____.

answer

interpretation

question

_____ occurs when one fast-forwards through a commercial on a prerecorded program, and _____ involves switching channels when a commercial appears.

answer

Zipping; zapping

question

Which of the following is considered a stimulus factor affecting attention?

answer

position

question

Attention generally _____ across repeated exposures, and repetition often _____ recall.

answer

decreases; increases

question

The minimum amount that one stimulus can differ from another with the difference still being noticed is referred to as the _____.

answer

just noticeable difference

question

Which characteristic of a logo has been found to lead to higher levels of logo liking?

answer

symmetrically balanced

question

Which of the following provides learning experiences that affect the type of lifestyle people seek and the products they consume?

answer

all of the above

question

Which portion of total memory is devoted to permanent information storage?

answer

long-term memory

question

What are the two basic forms of conditioned learning?

answer

classical and operant

question

When consumers do not directly experience a reward or punishment to learn but instead observe the outcomes of others' behaviors and adjust their own accordingly, which type of learning has occurred?

answer

vicarious learning

question

Sometimes consumers have difficulty retrieving a specific piece of information because other related information in memory gets in the way, which is an effect referred to as _____.

answer

interference

question

When consumers see the new product (i.e., brand extension) as requiring the same manufacturing skills as the original, successful brand leverage is more likely. Which dimension is this referring to?

answer

transfer

1 of

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question

answer

consumer behavior

question

Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior?

answer

The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior.

question

Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing ____

answer

social marketing

question

How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

answer

by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does

question

Marketing strategy begins with __

answer

conducting a market analysis

question

answer

selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve

question

A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need.

answer

product

question

Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications?

answer

all of the above are critical questions

question

Tony's job entails making sure his company's products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with?

answer

distribution

question

answer

actual need fulfillment and perceived need fulfillment

question

answer

nonverbal communications

question

answer

Culture is a simple concept.

question

___ values prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technological as well as its physical environment.

answer

Environment-oriented

question

Which value has a strong influence on entrepreneurship and economic development as well as new-product acceptance?

answer

risk taking/security

question

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing nonverbal communications?

answer

values

question

What are the two major ways time varies between cultures?

answer

perspective and interpretation

question

What is the largest single influence on the movement toward uniformity in the global youth market?

answer

mass media

question

Which of the following countries tends to value individualism over collectivism?

answer

United States

question

With respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society?

answer

size

question

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as ___

answer

standardization

question

answer

advertising

question

Which of the following is an emerging American value?

answer

admiring nature

question

____ is consumers' efforts to reduce their reliance on consumption and material possessions.

answer

Voluntary simplicity

question

What percentage of American adults exercise regularly?

answer

less than 50%

question

Which of the following factors had a significant impact on Americans' emphasis on security?

answer

a, b, and c

question

Which of the following is a segment used to describe consumers with respect to their environmental activism?

answer

Eco-Centrists

question

Individualism affects which of the following?

answer

all of the above

question

Which segment of environmental activists is highly dismissive of environmental concerns and doesn't believe global warming exists?

answer

Eco-Villains

question

Which of the following is an example of cause-related marketing (CRM)?

answer

A company donates $1 to Diabetes research for every purchase of its product by consumers.

question

Which consumer group is driven by a desire to help with respect to cause-related marketing programs?

answer

Socially concerned

question

Age, gender, education, occupation, and income are examples of _____ variables.

answer

demographic

question

Which of the following is NOT a reason why the population of the United States has grown steadily since 1960?

answer

increasing birth rate for most of the period between 1960 and today

question

Juan is interested in knowing occupational influences on purchases of satellite radio systems. Which of the following occupations are most likely to purchase this type of product?

answer

professional, scientific and technical

question

What is the movement called in which companies have expanded opportunities for less affluent consumers to afford luxury?

answer

class to mass

question

A(n) _____ is a group of persons who have experienced a common social, political, historical, and economic environment.

answer

age cohort

question

Which generation was born between 1965 and 1976?

answer

Generation X

question

Which social class consists of individuals who are poorly educated, have very low incomes, and work as unskilled laborers?

answer

upper-lower class

question

What two basic approaches are used to measure social status?

answer

single-item and multi-item indexes

question

Which of the following is NOT a common single-item index of social class?

answer

age

question

In the Hollingshead Index of Social Position, which is true?

answer

occupation is given a higher weight than education

question

A segment of a larger culture whose members share distinguishing values and patterns of behavior is known as a(n) _____.

answer

subculture

question

The U.S. Census overall projections of ethnic subculture size understate the importance of ethnic groups to specific _____.

answer

geographic regions

question

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethnic subcultures?

answer

All subcultures are very diverse, and general descriptions do not apply to all of the members

question

answer

Traditionalists

question

_____ involves creating or sponsoring an event that has a particular appeal to a market segment.

answer

Event marketing

question

The degree to which an immigrant has adapted to his or her new culture is known as ____

answer

acculturation

question

Which religion heavily influences the Hispanic culture?

answer

Roman Catholicism

question

Bicultural Hispanic teens tend to ____.

answer

acculturate by adding another culture; not by replacing their first culture

question

answer

secular society

question

answer

regional

question

What is the basic consumption unit for most consumer goods?

answer

household

question

According to the Census Bureau, all the people who occupy a housing unit is defined as a _____

answer

household

question

When a couple has children, expenditures on which of the following does NOT usually decrease?

answer

health care

question

answer

food at home

question

The trend toward later marriage and children has resulted in which of the following?

answer

Now, 71 percent of all married couples with children under 18 fall into the middle age HLC categories of delayed full nest I and full nest II.

question

answer

empty nest II

question

Which of the following are ways to categorize family decision making?

answer

All of the above

question

answer

Internet maven

question

Which approach to conflict resolution misrepresents the facts in order to win?

answer

impression management

question

The process in which young people acquire skills, knowledge, and attitudes relevant to their functioning as consumers in the marketplaces is known as _____.

answer

consumer socialization

question

Many Jeep owners elect to become members of a Jeep _____ and attend brand fests such as Jeep Jamboree, Jeep 101, and Camp Jeep

answer

community

question

answer

group

question

Which type of group includes family and friends and involves strong ties and frequent interaction?

answer

primary group

question

Which category of Web 2.0 participants are bloggers and post ratings and reviews, and tend to be in their late teens to mid-twenties?

answer

critics

question

Harley-Davidson motorcycle owners that join a Harley group, Jeep owners that attend events sponsored by Jeep, and Star Trek "Trekkies" are all examples of _____.

answer

consumption subcultures

question

A _____ is a gathering of owners and others for the purposes of interacting with one another in the context of learning about and using the brand

answer

brandfest

question

In which of the following consumption situations will a reference group's influence be strongest?

answer

when the use of the product or brand is visible to the group

question

answer

word-of-mouth

question

Perception is a process that begins with consumer exposure and attention to marketing stimuli and ends with consumer _____.

answer

interpretation

question

_____ occurs when one fast-forwards through a commercial on a prerecorded program, and _____ involves switching channels when a commercial appears.

answer

Zipping; zapping

question

Which of the following is considered a stimulus factor affecting attention?

answer

position

question

Attention generally _____ across repeated exposures, and repetition often _____ recall.

answer

decreases; increases

question

The minimum amount that one stimulus can differ from another with the difference still being noticed is referred to as the _____.

answer

just noticeable difference

question

Which characteristic of a logo has been found to lead to higher levels of logo liking?

answer

symmetrically balanced

question

Which of the following provides learning experiences that affect the type of lifestyle people seek and the products they consume?

answer

all of the above

question

Which portion of total memory is devoted to permanent information storage?

answer

long-term memory

question

What are the two basic forms of conditioned learning?

answer

classical and operant

question

When consumers do not directly experience a reward or punishment to learn but instead observe the outcomes of others' behaviors and adjust their own accordingly, which type of learning has occurred?

answer

vicarious learning

question

Sometimes consumers have difficulty retrieving a specific piece of information because other related information in memory gets in the way, which is an effect referred to as _____.

answer

interference

question

When consumers see the new product (i.e., brand extension) as requiring the same manufacturing skills as the original, successful brand leverage is more likely. Which dimension is this referring to?

answer

transfer

Consumer Behavior – Park University – Flashcards

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