Consumer Behavior Chp 18 (Exam 2) – Flashcards
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The NFL is able to customize their newsletter by _____.
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all of the above
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Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome once a consumer is satisfied?
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all of the above are possible outcomes
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Doubt or anxiety regarding a purchase a consumer has made is known as _____.
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postpurchase dissonance
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Which of the following is true regarding postpurchase dissonance?
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The importance of the decision to the consumer is one factor that influences the probability and magnitude of postpurchase dissonance.
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The probability of a consumer experiencing postpurchase dissonance, as well as the magnitude of such dissonance, is a function of which of the following?
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all of the above
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Connie just purchased her first new car, and she's actually feeling a little bad about it. She's concerned about how much money she spent and how long she will be making car payments. She's not sure she made the right choice, either. She liked another car a little better, but ended up purchasing another model. Connie is experiencing _____.
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postpurchase dissonance
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Which of the following is NOT an action a consumer may utilize to reduce dissonance?
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Increase the importance of alternatives that were not considered in the purchase initially.
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Carla continued to search for information on cars even after she purchased one. She would go over her decision in her head, and pay attention to ads that featured the car she bought. She was also noticing how many other people drove her model of car, which made her feel more confident that she made a wise decision. Carla is attempting to reduce _____.
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postpurchase dissonance
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Hailey purchased furniture for her living room and spent quite a bit of money. After she purchased it, she started regretting that she spent so much and she wasn't sure she liked the furniture. To make herself feel better, she told herself that the other furniture she was considering really wasn't that good and probably would not last as long as the furniture she ended up purchasing. Which of the following is Hailey using to reduce her postpurchase dissonance?
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Decreasing the desirability of rejected alternatives.
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Negative emotions or guilt feelings aroused by the use of a product or a service are referred to as _____.
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consumption guilt
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Rebecca is a single woman in her 40s. She sold her Honda Civic and bought an Acura CSX, which is considerably more expensive. She was going to her brother's house with her mother, and she asked her mother to drive in her car instead of Rebecca's new one. She didn't want her brother to see that she had purchased an expensive car for herself. Rebecca was experiencing _____.
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consumption guilt
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Which of the following refers to imagining the outcome if a different decision had been made in the past?
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counterfactual thinking
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Which of the following statements is true regarding counterfactual thinking?
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Marketers always try to reduce the likelihood that consumer think this way.
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Hunter purchased a new computer, and he started thinking about what it would be like if he had purchased the other brand that he was considering seriously. He purchased a Dell, but he kept thinking that if he had only spent a little more and purchased the IBM, he might not be experiencing some of the problems that he is (i.e., computer "freezing up"). Which of the following is Hunter engaging in?
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counterfactual thinking
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Which of the following refers to imagining different outcomes before a decision is made?
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prefactual thinking
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Bob wants to purchase a big screen television, but he's reluctant because he tells himself that "If I buy it now, then the price will drop and I'll regret not waiting longer." Bob is engaging in _____.
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prefactual thinking
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A consumer using a product in a new way is referred to as _____.
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use innovativeness
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The external ice cube shoot on Cade's refrigerator door was not working properly. She could hear the ice falling into the shoot, but nothing would come out. She looked inside and realized there was a solid block of ice clogging the shoot, and she couldn't get it loose. Cade decided to use a hair dryer to melt the ice, and it worked. Cade's using a hair dryer in a new way represents _____.
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use innovativeness
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Why must manufacturers design products with both the primary purpose and other potential uses in mind?
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stringent product liability laws
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Which of the following occurs when a consumer actively acquires a product that is not used or used only sparingly relative to its potential use?
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product nonuse
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Disposition of the product or the product's container may occur _____ product use.
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a, b, and c
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For which product is no disposition involved?
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ice cream cone
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Carl and his family purchased a new home, and the builder left half empty paint cans in the garage. Carl doesn't know what to do with them because he cannot put them out in the regular trash. Carl is concerned with which of the following with regard to the paint?
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disposition
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Exploding demand and short product life-spans for high-tech gadgets such as cell phones, personal computers, and various other personal electronic devices is creating growing concerns over _____.
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e-waste
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Which disposition alternative is the most widely used by consumers?
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throw away
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Which of the following is NOT an alternative if a consumer decides to retain a product's package?
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recycle it
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Which of the following is an alternative once a consumer has decided to get rid of a product?
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all of the above
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Which of the following is FALSE regarding the way in which disposition decisions can affect a firm's marketing strategy?
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The United States is a completely throw away society, and consumers are willing to purchase new products without concern for waste.
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Which type of sale occurs when one consumer sells a product directly to another with or without the assistance of a commercial intermediary?
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consumer-to-consumer sale
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Jon purchased an antique watch on eBay from another consumer. Which type of sale is this known as?
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consumer-to-consumer sale
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An outlet or brand whose performance confirms a low-performance expectation generally will result in _____.
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nonsatisfaction
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Rod wasn't expecting much from the painters that came to his house. True to form, they did not do a good job and confirmed his low-performance expectations. Rod is most likely experiencing _____.
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nonsatisfaction
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A brand whose perceived performance falls below expectations generally produces _____.
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dissatisfaction
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Kristen purchased a chair and ottoman from a national chain furniture store. After only six months, the fabric started to fade and tear in some spots. While she didn't spend much money on this chair, she did expect it to last longer than that. Kristen most likely experienced _____.
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nonsatisfaction
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When perceptions of product performance match expectations that are at or above the minimum performance level, _____ generally results.
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satisfaction
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Jose and his family, all Mexican by birth, went to dine at a new Mexican restaurant in Houston, which is home to many outstanding Mexican restaurants. They were expecting authentic Mexican food, and they got it. They most likely experienced _____.
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satisfaction
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Which of the following means that the consumer is enthusiastic about a particular brand and is somewhat immune to actions by competitors?
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commitment
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Pam and her friends ate at a new Italian restaurant, and the food, service, and ambiance exceeded their expectations. They all decided that this was the only Italian restaurant they will ever go to again in their town. This is an illustration of _____.
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commitment
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Which of the following factors is the MOST likely reason consumers change providers of a service?
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core service failure
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Eric booked a hotel through hotels.com. However, when he arrived at the hotel, they had no record of his reservation, and he was unable to get a room. He decided then that he would never use this service again. Which reason for changing providers does this represent?
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core service failure
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Service employees that are uncaring, impolite, unresponsive, or unknowledgeable will cause consumers to switch providers for which reason?
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service encounter failure
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Kimberly loves the ham and turkey from the Heavenly Ham store. There is only one store in her town, though, and it is pretty far away. She goes that direction on Saturdays for her daughter's music lesson, but by the time it's over and she's heading home, the store is already closed. Sometimes she brings a cooler and stops there before her daughter's lesson, but most of the time she forgets to bring the cooler. She usually ends up buying lunch meat at the grocery deli. Which reason for changing providers does this represent?
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inconvenience
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Simon was dissatisfied with the meal and service he received at a restaurant, so he complained. The manager came out and was arrogant to Simon, and Simon felt like he was trying to blame him for the bad experience he had by saying he was too picky. Simon vowed never to eat at that restaurant again. Which reason for changing providers does this represent?
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responses to service failures
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Renee has been going to the same dentist for years. However, her employer changed her dental insurance plan, and her dentist was not part of the plan. She had to switch to an approved dentist. Which reason for changing providers does this represent?
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involuntary switching
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Sherri pulled up to the drive-up ATM at her bank. She put her card in, and it came right back out. On the screen was a message that the machine was not operational. Sherri was not happy. Which incident type with respect to self-service technologies does this represent?
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technology failure
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What are the two dimensions to performance for products?
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instrumental and symbolic
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Which dimension of product performance relates to the physical functioning of the product?
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instrumental
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Leon is concerned with the reliability and durability of laptop computers he is considering purchasing. This represents which dimension of product performance?
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instrumental
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Which dimension of product performance relates to aesthetic or image-enhancement performance?
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symbolic
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Monique is buying a new coat for the winter. While she is concerned with how well the coat will keep her warm, she is also concerned with how stylish it will make her look. Her concern for stylishness represents which dimension of product performance?
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symbolic
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The emotional response that owning or using the product or outlet provides is known as _____.
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affective performance
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Dawn and her two daughters went to see Pride & Prejudice at the movie theater. They all loved the movie and came out saying "we're so glad she married Mr. Darcy!" This movie provided them with _____.
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affective performance
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What is the first decision a dissatisfied customer will make?
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whether or not to take any external action
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Ronald is dissatisfied with a product he has bought. What is the first decision Ronald will make with regard to his dissatisfying situation?
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whether or not to take any external action
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A consumer's decision of whether or not to take action when he or she is dissatisfied is a function of which of the following?
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all of the above
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Even if a dissatisfied consumer takes no external action, which of the following is likely?
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will have a less favorable attitude toward the store or brand
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Which of the following is true regarding word-of-mouth (WOM)?
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Consumers trust WOM more than many other sources.
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Employees who deal directly with consumers are known as _____.
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front-line employees
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Savannah works at the front desk at a Marriott Hotel. If a guest has a complaint, she is empowered to make amends up to a certain amount without her supervisor's approval. Savannah is known as a _____.
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front-line employee
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_____ continue to buy the same brand though they do not have an emotional attachment to it.
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Repeat purchasers
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Kevin buys the same brand of clothing all the time. He continues to buy it because it fits him well and the price is right, but he does not have an emotional attachment to it. Kevin is an example of a(n) _____.
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repeat purchaser
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The costs of finding, evaluating, and adopting another solution are known as _____.
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switching costs
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Sandy uses online banking, and her bank charges her $4.99 per month. However, she has seen ads for a competing bank offering free online banking services. She'd like to switch, but she realized that it might be difficult to do since she has several of her bill payments set up as automatic debits. The cost of changing to another bank represent Sandy's _____.
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switching costs
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Consumers that exhibit a positively biased behavior toward a specific brand are exhibiting _____.
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brand loyalty
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Jason will only drink Pepsi cola, and he feels an emotional attachment to it. That is the brand he was brought up on and is the one he continues to drink every day. Jason is exhibiting _____.
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brand loyalty
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Which type of customer has an emotional attachment to the brand or firm?
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committed customer
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George has used the same company for his car and home insurance for over 20 years. Any claim he has made has been handled fairly and quickly. A major hurricane came through his area causing many individuals, including George, and business owners to lose everything. While he was hearing about so many insurance claim nightmares, he knew his company would come through because he trusts this company. George is an example of a _____.
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committed customer
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Which of the following is FALSE regarding committed customers?
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They are less likely to forgive an occasional product or service failure.
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The term used to refer to turnover in a firm's customer base is _____.
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churn
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Expenses associated with advertising, establishing a new account, and mailing catalogs are examples of _____.
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acquisition costs
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Which of the following is a source of increased customer profitability over time? all of the above
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all of the above
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Which of the following is NOT a source of increased customer profitability over time?
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increased churn
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_____ refers to the fact that repeat and particularly committed customers tend to buy the brand consistently rather than waiting for a sale or continually negotiating price.
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Price premium
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For which type of firm has research shown that reducing the number of customers who leave by 5 percent resulted in the highest percentage increase in average profits per customer?
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branch banks
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Marketing efforts focused on a firm's current customers are generally termed _____.
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relationship marketing
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An attempt to develop an ongoing, expanding exchange relationship with a firm's customers is called _____.
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relationship marketing
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Marriott Rewards customers earn points whenever they stay at any Marriott property. Louis is in this program, and he travels quite a bit because he works in sales. He usually stays at a Courtyard by Marriott, and when he walks into the lobby there is a sign by the desk welcoming him by name as well as other Marriott Rewards customers who might be staying there. This ongoing relationship between Louis and Marriott is an example of _____.
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relationship marketing
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Which of the following is a key element of relationship marketing?
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all of the above
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Which of the following is NOT a key element of relationship marketing?
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Standardize the relationship across customers.
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Every time Hannah buys a sandwich at Subway, she gets a stamp on a card. Once she has 10 stamps, she'll get a free sandwich. This is an example of a(n) _____.
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customer loyalty program
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Nominal and most limited decision making will not produce postpurchase dissonance.
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True
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Consumers might experience guilt by the use of a product or a service.
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True
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Counterintuitive thinking refers to imagining the outcome if a different decision had been made in the past.
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False
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Sometimes consumers purchase products and do not use them.
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True
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Disposition of the product or the product's container may occur before, during, or after product use.
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True
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A consumer selling something to another individual through an online intermediary (i.e., eBay) is known as a consumer-to-consumer sale.
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True
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A consumer can be neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.
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True
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Functional performance relates to the physical functioning of the product.
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False
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If a customer is dissatisfied with a company's product, the company would prefer that he or she complains to the company.
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True
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Affective performance can arise from only the symbolic dimension of product performance.
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False
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Firms need to satisfy consumer expectations by creating reasonable expectations through promotional efforts and maintaining consistent quality so those expectations are fulfilled.
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True
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Repeat purchasers continue to buy the same brand because of their emotional attachment to it.
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False
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Committed customers are less likely to forgive a product or service failure.
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False
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Churn is a term used to refer to turnover in a firm's customer base.
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True
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For many products and services, there are wide variations in profitability across customers.
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True
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Many customer loyalty programs are designed to generate repeat purchases rather than committed customers.
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True
