Concept of nursing – Flashcards
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Concept
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-Abstract ideas and mental images form & developed in the mind -building blocks of theories
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Conceptual framework
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-conceptual model -a group of concept that follows an understandable pattern
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Theory
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A system of ideas that is proposed to explain a given phenomena
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Nursing theory
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Is a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing communicated for the purpose of describing, explaining, predicting and prescribing nursing care
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Principle
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A basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
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Paradigm
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Links science, philosophy and theories accepted by the discipline. Refers to pattern of a shared understanding and assumptions about reality
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Nursing Paradigm
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Are patterns or models used to show a clear relationship among existing theoretical works in nursing
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Nursing
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Is the "diagnosis, and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems"
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Theories
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-Can correlate concepts in such. As a way as to generate a different way of looking at the certain facts or phenomenal -must be logical in nature -should be simple yet generally broad in nature -can be the source of hypothesis that can be tested -contribute in enriching the general body of knowledge through the studies implemented to validate them -can be used by practitioners to direct, enhance their practices -must be consistent with other validated theories, laws and principles but will leave open answered issues that used to be tested
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Components of a theory
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-concepts -definitions -phenomena -assumptions
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Concepts
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-A theory consists of interrelated concepts -help to describe or label phenomena
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Definitions
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-The definition within the theory communicate the general meaning of the concepts -describe the activity necessary to measure the concepts, relationships or variables within a theory
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Assumptions
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-propositions -explain the nature of the concepts, definitions, purpose, relationship and structure of a theory
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Nursing theory concepts
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-Person or client -environment -health -nursing
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Person or client
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The recipient of a nursing care
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Environment
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The internal and external surroundings that affect the client
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Health
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The degree of illness or well-being that the client experiences
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Nursing
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The attributes, characteristics and actions of the nurse providing care on behalf of or in conjunction with the client
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Purpose of nursing theories
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Provide direction and guidance for: structuring professional nursing practice, education and research. Differentiating the focus of nursing from other professions
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in practice
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Assist nurses to describe, explain and predict every day experience
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In Education
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Provide a general focus for curriculum design
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Research
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Offer framework for generating knowledge and new ideas
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Types of theory
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-Grand theories - middle-range theories -descriptive theories -prescriptive theories
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Grand theories
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Broad in shape, Complex and therefore require further specification through research
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Middle range theories
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Are more limited in scope and are less abstract
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Descriptive theories
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These theories explain, really and in some situations predict nursing phenomena
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Prescriptive theories
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Address nursing interventions for a phenomena and predict the consequence of a specific nursing intervention
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Non-nursing theories
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-Systems Theory - change theory -developmental theory
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Systems theory
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Describes how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how The parts work together in systems
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Change Theory
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Reaction to change are grounded in the basic human need for self-esteem and security
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Developmental theory
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Outlines the process of growth and development of humans as orderly and predictable or beginning with conception and ending with death
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Florence Nightingale
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Environmental theory
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Hildegard Peplau
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Interpersonal model
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Virginia Henderson
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Nature of nursing model; 14 fundamentals
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Faye Glenn Abdellah
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Patient - centered approach is; problem solving; 21 nursing problems
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Ida Jean Orlando
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Dynamic nurse - patient relationship model
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Ernestine weidenbach
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Clinical nursing - A helping art model
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Lydia hall
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Model on nursing: care, core, cure
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Joyce travelbee
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Interpersonal aspects of nursing model
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Myra Estrine Levine
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Four conversation principles
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Martha Rogers
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Science of unitary human beings
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Josephine Patterson and Loretta Zderad
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Humanistic nursing practice theory
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Dorothea Orem
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Self-care and self-care deficit theory
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Imogene King
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Goal attainment Theory
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Betty Neuman
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Health care system model
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Sister Callista Roy
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Adaptation model
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Madeliene Leninger
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Transcultural nursing model
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Jean Watson
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Human as caring model
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Margaret Newman
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Health as expanding consciousness
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Dorothy Johnson
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Behavioral system model
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Rosemarie Rizzo Parse
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Theory of human becoming
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Joyce Fitzpatrick
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Life perspective - rhythm model
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Anne Boykin & Savina Schoenhoffer
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Theory of nursing as Caring
